Gamma Aminobutyric Acid-Enriched Fermented Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Increases the Length of the Growth Plate on the Proximal Tibia Bone in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Bone growth during childhood and puberty determines an adult’s final stature. Although several prior studies have reported that fermented oyster (FO) consisting of a high amount of gamma aminobutyric acid can be attributed to bone health, there is no research on the efficacy of FO on growth regulation and the proximal tibial growth plate. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of FO oral administration on hepatic and serum growth regulator levels and the development of the proximal tibial growth plate in young Sprague-Dawley rats. Both oral administration of FO (FO 100, 100 mg/kg FO and FO 200, 200 mg/kg FO) and subcutaneous injection of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH, 200 μg/kg of rhGH) for two weeks showed no toxicity. Circulating levels of growth hormone (GH) significantly increased in the FO 200 group. The expression and secretion of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) were enhanced by FO administration. FO administration promoted the expression of bone morphogenic proteins IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in the proximal tibial growth plate. This positive effect of FO resulted in incremental growth of the entire plate length by expanding the proliferating and hypertrophic zones in the proximal tibial growth plate. Collectively, our results suggested that oral administration of FO is beneficial for bone health, which may ultimately result in increased height.

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Level of satiety: GABA and pentose shunt activities in three brain sites associated with feeding

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1985.248.4.r453 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 248 (4) ◽

pp. R453-R458 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

T. R. Kasser ◽

R. B. Harris ◽

R. J. Martin

Keyword(s):

Area Postrema ◽

Ventromedial Hypothalamus ◽

Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Energy Status ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Brain Areas ◽

Gastric Intubation ◽

Glucose Flux ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

The hypothesis addressed was that metabolic activity within specific brain areas may be altered to depict peripheral metabolic status. Sixty-three female Sprague-Dawley rats (225 g) received 150, 100, or 50% of normal intake by gastric intubation for 7 days. The incentive for spontaneous feeding would be inhibited in 150% fed rats (anoretic), stimulated in 50% fed rats (hungry), and maintained in 100% fed rats (control). Glucose flux through the gamma-aminobutyric acid shunt of the ventrolateral hypothalamus was 32% lower in hungry rats and 35% higher in anoretic rats relative to control values. Glucose flux through the pentose shunt of the ventromedial hypothalamus was 111% lower in hungry rats and 152% higher in anoretic rats relative to control values. Pentose shunt activity in the area postrema nucleus of the solitary tract (AP NTS) was 116% lower in hungry rats and 60% higher in anoretic rats relative to control values; however, hungry and anoretic rats had AP NTS pentose shunt activities that were not different from control values but were different from each other. The data demonstrate that within selective brain sites, specific pathways for glucose oxidation are affected by energy intake and may be used by the rat to assess and respond to changes in peripheral energy status.

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Effects of Injection of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Agonists into the Nucleus Accumbens on Naloxone-Induced Morphine Withdrawal

Pharmacology ◽

10.1159/000477548 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 100 (3-4) ◽

pp. 131-138 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Betilay Topkara ◽

Hasan R. Yananli ◽

Eren Sakallı ◽

Mahluga Jafarova Demirkapu

Keyword(s):

Locomotor Activity ◽

Nucleus Accumbens ◽

Morphine Withdrawal ◽

Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Withdrawal Symptoms ◽

Control Group ◽

Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Gaba Agonists ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Aims: This study was to investigate the effects of local administration of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists into the nucleus accumbens (NAc) on naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal symptoms. Methods: Bilateral guide cannulas were stereotaxically implanted in the shell or core regions of the NAc of Sprague-Dawley rats. After a recovery period, 3 morphine pellets, each consisting of 75 mg morphine base, were placed subcutaneously on the first and third days of the study with the rats under mild ether anaesthesia. The GABA agonists, baclofen hydrochloride or muscimol hydrobromide, were injected into the NAc, and morphine withdrawal was induced by naloxone on the fifth day. Results: Administration of baclofen to the shell or core regions of the NAc of Sprague-Dawley rats led to statistically significant decreases in both behavioural and locomotor activity parameters during the morphine withdrawal period, compared to the control group. However, there were no statistically significant changes in locomotor activity or withdrawal behavioural parameters, with the exception of wet dog shakes, between control and muscimol-treated groups. Conclusion: These findings show that GABAergic conduction in the NAc is effective on the morphine withdrawal symptoms, and that both the shell and core regions of the NAc are associated with this effect.

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EFFECT OF WITHDRAWAL OF GROWTH HORMONE ADMINISTRATION ON LONGITUDINAL BONE GROWTH IN THE HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED RAT

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0750011 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 11-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K.-G. Thorngren ◽

L. I. Hansson

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Growth Plate ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Proximal Tibia ◽

Bovine Growth Hormone ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Cell Production ◽

Longitudinal Bone Growth ◽

Hormone Administration ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

ABSTRACT Bovine growth hormone was given daily for 10 days to female Sprague-Dawley rats hypophysectomized at the age of 60 days, beginning 15 days post-operatively. Longitudinal bone growth, studied in the proximal tibia, was reactivated and continued at an accelerating rate during the period of hormone administration and for a further 5 days after its withdrawal, but then ceased. The effect of withdrawal of growth hormone on the width of the growth plate of proximal tibia, the size of its degenerative cells, and the weight of body and heart was also studied. The cell production in the proximal growth plate of tibia was calculated. The changes in longitudinal bone growth were found to be due mainly to changes in cell production in the growth plate.

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BIOASSAY OF GROWTH HORMONE

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0750669 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

pp. 669-682 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K.-G. Thorngren ◽

L. I. Hansson

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Bone Growth ◽

Control Period ◽

Growth Stimulation ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Hormone Administration ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Hypophysectomized Rats ◽

Operative Control ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

ABSTRACT The growth stimulating effect of growth hormone was determined with tetracycline as intravital marker of the longitudinal bone growth of proximal tibia in female Sprague-Dawley rats hypophysectomized at 60 days of age. After a post-operative control period of 15 days growth hormone (NIH-GH-B16) was given daily for 5 or 10 days followed by a 10 day period after its withdrawal. L-thyroxine was given in association with the growth hormone administration to potentiate the growth stimulation. A linear log dose-response relation was found for the two administration models with a high precision. The thyroxine-treatment increased the sensitivity of the bioassay. An administration period of 5 days was found sufficient for the bioassay of growth hormone in thyroxine-treated hypophysectomized rats. Compared with the earlier bioassay methods for growth hormone, the present bioassay is more favourable when all the factors, such as precision, sensitivity, specificity, and administration period are considered.

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Comparison of liver tumor frequencies after intermittent oral administration of different doses of N-nitrosopyrrolidine in Sprague-Dawley rats

Cancer Letters ◽

10.1016/0304-3835(85)90175-2 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 77-82

Author(s):

A. Hoos ◽

M. Habs ◽

D. Schmähl

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Liver Tumor ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Different Doses

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Effects of cyclophosphamide on the femural epiphyseal growth plate in young Sprague-Dawley rats

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica ◽

10.1080/000163502760147963 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 208-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Oded Zilberman ◽

Margareta Näsman ◽

Carl-Magnus Forsberg ◽

Sven Lindskog

Keyword(s):

Growth Plate ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Epiphyseal Growth Plate ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

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Metformin Restores Responses to Insulin but Not to Growth Hormone in Sprague–Dawley Rats

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications ◽

10.1006/bbrc.2002.6498 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 291 (3) ◽

pp. 722-726 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Stephen E. Borst ◽

Harold G. Snellen ◽

Henry Ross ◽

Philip J. Scarpace ◽

Yong-Woon Kim

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

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Systemic CI-966, a new γ-aminobutyric acid uptake blocker, enhances γ-aminobutyric acid action in CA1 pyramidal layer in situ

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/y90-179 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 68 (9) ◽

pp. 1194-1199 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

U. Ebert ◽

K. Krnjević

Keyword(s):

Aminobutyric Acid ◽

Gaba Uptake ◽

Acid Uptake ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Nipecotic Acid ◽

Ca1 Region ◽

Stratum Pyramidale ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Pyramidal Layer ◽

Urethane Anaesthesia

A new potent, blood–brain barrier permeable γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) uptake blocker, 1-[2-[bis[4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]methoxy]ethyl]-1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid (CI-966) was administered systemically by i.p. injection (5 mg/kg) in Sprague–Dawley rats under urethane anaesthesia. Twenty to thirty minutes after injection there was a highly variable, but overall significant, enhancement of the inhibition of hippocampal population spikes by GABA applied by microiontophoresis in the CA1 region. Like the effect of nipecotic acid (applied locally by iontophoresis), the potentiation by CI-966 was clearest when GABA was applied in or near the stratum pyramidale where its action normally is weakest and shows the most pronounced fading. This change in GABA potency is most simply explained by a reduction in GABA uptake.Key words: GABA, muscimol, nipecotic acid, GABA-uptake blocker, epilepsy.

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