scholarly journals Confirmatory Analysis of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Milk and Infant Formula Using UHPLC–MS/MS

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3664
Author(s):  
Ovokeroye A. Abafe ◽  
Linda R. Macheka ◽  
Joshua O. Olowoyo
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Infant Formulas ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Sensitive Determination ◽  
Confirmatory Analysis ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Limit Detection ◽  
Dairy Milk

An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the sensitive determination and unambiguous confirmation of residues of per and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in breastmilk, retail milk and infant formulas following two sample preparation methods. Sample pre-treatment was carried out by a simplified QuEChERS method without requiring dSPE or any further clean-up. The method was validated in accordance with the requirements of Commission Decision 657/2002/EC with slight modifications. The method displayed good linearity with R2 ranging from 0.9843–0.9998 for all target PFAS. The recovery and within-laboratory reproducibility of the method (n = 63) were in the range 60–121% and 5–28%, respectively. The decision limit, detection capability and limit of quantitation ranged from 30–60 ng kg−1 to 40–100 ng kg−1 and 5–50 ng kg−1, respectively. Acceptable matrix effect values in the range −45–29% were obtained with uncertainty of measurement lower than 25% for all target PFAS. The method displays its suitability for the sensitive and high-throughput confirmatory analysis of C4–C14 PFAS in breastmilk, dairy milk and infant formulas.

scholarly journals Critical Review of Synthesis, Toxicology and Detection of Acyclovir

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6566
Author(s):  
Yan-Ping Wei ◽  
Liang-Yuan Yao ◽  
Yi-Yong Wu ◽  
Xia Liu ◽  
Li-Hong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Antiviral Drug ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Past Life ◽  
Flow Injection Chemiluminescence

Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective and selective antiviral drug, and the study of its toxicology and the use of appropriate detection techniques to control its toxicity at safe levels are extremely important for medicine efforts and human health. This review discusses the mechanism driving ACV’s ability to inhibit viral coding, starting from its development and pharmacology. A comprehensive summary of the existing preparation methods and synthetic materials, such as 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide, guanine and its derivatives, and other purine derivatives, is presented to elucidate the preparation of ACV in detail. In addition, it presents valuable analytical procedures for the toxicological studies of ACV, which are essential for human use and dosing. Analytical methods, including spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), electrochemical sensors, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and flow injection–chemiluminescence (FI-CL) are also highlighted. A brief description of the characteristics of each of these methods is also presented. Finally, insight is provided for the development of ACV to drive further innovation of ACV in pharmaceutical applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the past life and future challenges of ACV.

scholarly journals Targeted Clinical Metabolomics Platform for the Stratification of Diabetic Patients

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Ahonen ◽  
Sirkku Jäntti ◽  
Tommi Suvitaival ◽  
Simone Theilade ◽  
Claudia Risz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Clinic ◽  
High Throughput Analysis ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass

AbstractBackgroundSeveral small molecule biomarkers have been reported in the literature for prediction and diagnosis of (pre)diabetes, its co-morbidities and complications. Here, we report the development and validation of a novel, quantitative, analytical method for use in the diabetes clinic. This method enables the determination of a selected panel of 36 metabolite biomarkers from human plasma.MethodsBased on a review of the literature and our own data, we selected a panel of metabolites indicative of various clinically-relevant pathogenic stages of diabetes. We combined these candidate biomarkers into a single ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method and optimized it, prioritizing simplicity of sample preparation and time needed for analysis, enabling high-throughput analysis in clinical laboratory settings.ResultsWe validated the method in terms of limit of (a) detection (LOD), (b) limit of quantitation (LOQ), (c) linearity (R2), (d) linear range, and (e) intra- and inter-day repeatability of each metabolite. The method’s performance was demonstrated in the analysis of selected samples from a diabetes cohort study. Metabolite levels were associated with clinical measurements and kidney complications in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. Specifically, both amino acids and amino acid-related analytes were associated with macro-albuminuria. Additionally, specific bile acids were associated with kidney function, anti-hypertensive medication, statin medication and clinical lipid measurements.ConclusionsThe developed analytical method is suitable for robust determination of selected plasma metabolites in the diabetes clinic.

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