scholarly journals Identifying Chemical Composition, Safety and Bioactivity of Thai Rice Grass Extract Drink in Cells and Animals

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6887
Author(s):  
Suthaya Phimphilai ◽  
Pimpisid Koonyosying ◽  
Nuntouchaporn Hutachok ◽  
Tanyaluk Kampoun ◽  
Rufus Daw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Functional Drink ◽  
In Cells

Rice grass has been reported to contain bioactive compounds that possess antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activities. We aimed to assess rice grass extract (RGE) drink by determining catechin content, free-radical scavenging and iron-binding properties, as well as toxicity in cells and animals. Young rice grass (Sukhothai-1 strain) was dried, extracted with hot water and lyophilized in a vacuum chamber. The resulting extract was reconstituted with deionized water (260 mg/40 mL) and served as Sukhothai-1 rice grass extract drink (ST1-RGE). HPLC results revealed at least eight phenolic compounds, for which the major catechins were catechin, epicatechin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) (2.71–3.57, 0.98–1.85 and 25.47–27.55 mg/40 mL serving, respectively). Elements (As, Cu, Pb, Sn and Zn) and aflatoxin (B1, B2, G1 and G2) contents did not exceed the relevant limits when compared with WHO guideline values. Importantly, ST1-RGE drink exerted radical-scavenging, iron-chelating and anti-lipid peroxidation properties in aqueous and biological environments in a concentration-dependent manner. The drink was not toxic to cells and animals. Thus, Sukhothai-1 rice grass product is an edible drink that is rich in catechins, particularly EGCG, and exhibited antioxidant, free radical scavenging and iron-binding/chelating properties. The product represents a functional drink that is capable of alleviating conditions of oxidative stress and iron overload.

scholarly journals Free Radical Scavenging Capacities and Alleviating Actions of Polysaccharides Extract of Termitomyces le-testui on Methylprednisolone-Induced Immunodepression in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Foncham Evans Ngwenah ◽  
Kada Sanda Antoine ◽  
Salah Martin ◽  
Tume Christopher ◽  
Oumar Mahamat
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Crude Polysaccharide

Background. Natural products have been said to show immunomodulatory and antioxidant activities. The research study was aimed to assess the immunomodulatory and free radical scavenging activities of crude polysaccharide from dry mushroom fruiting bodies of Termitomyces le-testui. Materials and Methods. Hot water extract of polysaccharide extract of T. le-testui was prepared and tested in white albino Wister rats for its immunomodulatory activities effect on methylprednisolone-immunosuppressed animals. In addition, the radical scavenging activity of the polysaccharide was evaluated using nitrite and hydrogen peroxide. Results. The result of the study showed that the polysaccharide T. le-testui increases the phagocytic index, energy metabolism of macrophages, spleen index, and nitric oxide in a concentration-dependent manner in immunosuppressed animals. Also, it was observed that the extract increased dose-dependent total oxidative stress and thymus index. Finally, the crude polysaccharide-rich extract showed nitrite and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion. Polysaccharide-rich extract possesses immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Phytosterol, Lipid and Phenolic Composition, and Biological Activities of Guava Seed Oil

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2474
Author(s):  
Adchara Prommaban ◽  
Niramon Utama-ang ◽  
Anan Chaikitwattana ◽  
Chairat Uthaipibull ◽  
John B. Porter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Guava Seed

Plant seeds have been found to contain bioactive compounds that have potential nutraceutical benefits. Guava seeds (Psidium guajava) are by-products in the beverage and juice industry; however, they can be utilized for a variety of commercial purposes. This study was designed to analyze the phytochemicals of the n-hexane extract of guava seed oil (GSO), to study its free-radical scavenging activity, and to monitor the changes in serum lipids and fatty acid profiles in rats that were fed GSO. The GSO was analyzed for phytochemicals using chromatographic methods. It was also tested for free-radical scavenging activity in hepatoma and neuroblastoma cells, and analyzed in terms of serum lipids and fatty acids. GSO was found to contain phenolic compounds (e.g., chlorogenic acid and its derivatives) and phytosterols (e.g., stimasterol, β-sitosterol and campesterol), and exerted radical-scavenging activity in cell cultures in a concentration-dependent manner. Long-term consumption of GSO did not increase cholesterol and triglyceride levels in rat serum, but it tended to decrease serum fatty acid levels in a concentration-dependent manner. This is the first study to report on the lipid, phytosterol and phenolic compositions, antioxidant activity, and the hepato- and neuro-protection of hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress levels in the GSO extract.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND IN VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITIES OF MEDICAGO SATIVA SEEDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Gomathi R ◽  
Banu S ◽  
Usha K
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging Activities

Phytochemical analysis and in vitro free radical scavenging activities were analyzed in the various extracts of Medicago sativa seeds. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, phytosterols, tannins, terpenoids and phenols. Among the various extracts, phytochemicals were extracted best in ethanol. Free radical scavenging activities such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl, superoxide, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulphonic acid) (ABTS), ferrous ion chleating activity and non radicals such as hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide were analyzed in the various extracts of Medicago sativa seeds and were compared with standard antioxidant ascorbic acid. All the extracts of Medicago sativa seeds scavenged the free radicals in a concentration dependent manner. The antioxidative activity of all the extracts was found to be more pronounced than that of the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid. Among the various extracts, the antioxidant activity was found to be more pronounced in ethanolic extract of Medicago sativa seeds

scholarly journals Chemical Analysis, Toxicity Study, and Free-Radical Scavenging and Iron-Binding Assays Involving Coffee (Coffea arabica) Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4169
Author(s):  
Nuntouchaporn Hutachok ◽  
Pimpisid Koonyosying ◽  
Tanachai Pankasemsuk ◽  
Pongsak Angkasith ◽  
Chaiwat Chumpun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Roasted Coffee ◽  
Instant Coffee ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties

We aimed to analyze the chemical compositions in Arabica coffee bean extracts, assess the relevant antioxidant and iron-chelating activities in coffee extracts and instant coffee, and evaluate the toxicity in roasted coffee. Coffee beans were extracted using boiling, drip-filtered and espresso brewing methods. Certain phenolics were investigated including trigonelline, caffeic acid and their derivatives, gallic acid, epicatechin, chlorogenic acid (CGA) and their derivatives, p-coumaroylquinic acid, p-coumaroyl glucoside, the rutin and syringic acid that exist in green and roasted coffee extracts, along with dimethoxycinnamic acid, caffeoylarbutin and cymaroside that may be present in green coffee bean extracts. Different phytochemicals were also detected in all of the coffee extracts. Roasted coffee extracts and instant coffees exhibited free-radical scavenging properties in a dose-dependent manner, for which drip coffee was observed to be the most effective (p < 0.05). All coffee extracts, instant coffee varieties and CGA could effectively bind ferric ion in a concentration-dependent manner resulting in an iron-bound complex. Roasted coffee extracts were neither toxic to normal mononuclear cells nor breast cancer cells. The findings indicate that phenolics, particularly CGA, could effectively contribute to the iron-chelating and free-radical scavenging properties observed in coffee brews. Thus, coffee may possess high pharmacological value and could be utilized as a health beverage.

scholarly journals In vitro inhibitory potentials of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera flower against enzymes activities linked to diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 408-414
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde ◽  
Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi ◽  
Benjamin Olusola Omiyale ◽  
Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been recognized as the seventh leading cause of global mortality; however, researchers seek alternative means to manage the menace. The current study sought to investigate antioxidant potentials, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera flower in vitro. Methods: Antioxidant properties of the extract were appraised by assessing its inhibition against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH•), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) free radicals, as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the antidiabetic activity was evaluated by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition.Results: In this study, ethanolic extract of M. oleifera flower demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition against DPPH free radical (43.57–83.56%) in a concentration-dependent manner, while FRAP (101.76 ± 1.63 mg/100 g), OH• scavenging ability (71.62 ± 0.95 mg/100 g), and H2O2 free radical scavenging capacity (15.33 ± 1.20 mg/100 g) were also observed. In the same manner, ethanolic extract of M. oleifera flower revealed a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition against α-amylase (IC50= 37.63 mg/mL) and α-glucosidase activities (IC50= 38.30 mg/mL) in the presence of their respective substrates in a concentration-dependent manner in comparison with acarbose. Conclusion: Ethanoic extract of M. oleifera flower could be useful as an alternative phytotherapy in the management of DM, having shown a strong antioxidative capacity and substantial inhibition against the activities of key enzymes involved in carbohydrate hydrolysis in vitro.

scholarly journals Radical scavenging activity of crude polysaccharides from Camellia sinensis

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-721
Author(s):  
Fan Yang ◽  
Zhiwei Yang ◽  
Jianbo Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Molecular Weights

A preparation of crude polysaccharides (TPS) was isolated from Camellia sinensis by precipitation and ultrafiltration. TPS1, TPS2, and TPS3 had molecular weights of 240, 21.4, and 2.46 kDa, respectively. The radical scavenging activities of TPS were evaluated by DPPH free radical, hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging. These results revealed that TPS exhibited strong radical scavenging activity in a concentration-dependent manner. TPS3 with lowest molecular weight showed a higher radical scavenging activity.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Profile, Free Radical Scavenging and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Acalypha Indica Root Extract: Evidence from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6251
Author(s):  
Ravi Sahukari ◽  
Jyothi Punabaka ◽  
Shanmugam Bhasha ◽  
Venkata Subbaiah Ganjikunta ◽  
Shanmugam Kondeti Ramudu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Acalypha Indica

In our in vitro and in vivo studies, we used Acalypha indica root methanolic extract (AIRME), and investigated their free radical scavenging/antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Primarily, phytochemical analysis showed rich content of phenols (70.92 mg of gallic acid/g) and flavonoids (16.01 mg of rutin/g) in AIRME. We then performed HR-LC-MS and GC-MS analyses, and identified 101 and 14 phytochemical compounds, respectively. Among them, ramipril glucuronide (1.563%), antimycin A (1.324%), swietenine (1.134%), quinone (1.152%), oxprenolol (1.118%), choline (0.847%), bumetanide (0.847%) and fenofibrate (0.711%) are the predominant phytomolecules. Evidence from in vitro studies revealed that AIRME scavenges DPPH and hydroxyl radicals in a concentration dependent manner (10–50 μg/mL). Similarly, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation were also remarkably inhibited by AIRME as concentration increases (20–100 μg/mL). In vitro antioxidant activity of AIRME was comparable to ascorbic acid treatment. For in vivo studies, carrageenan (1%, sub-plantar) was injected to rats to induce localized inflammation. Acute inflammation was represented by paw-edema, and significantly elevated (p < 0.05) WBC, platelets and C-reactive protein (CRP). However, AIRME pretreatment (150/300 mg/kg bodyweight) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased edema volume. This was accompanied by a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of WBC, platelets and CRP with both doses of AIRME. The decreased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase in paw tissue were restored (p < 0.05 / p < 0.01) with AIRME in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, AIRME attenuated carrageenan-induced neutrophil infiltrations and vascular dilation in paw tissue. For the first time, our findings demonstrated the potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of AIRME, which could be considered to develop novel anti-inflammatory drugs.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of Morinda Lucida and Psidium Guajava Extracts and Actions Against Paracetamol- Induced Kidney and Liver Injuries in Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-17
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Liver Injuries ◽  
Antioxidant Agents

Antioxidant agents of plants origin have continued to attract interest because of the potential they hold in the maintenance of human health accompany with their minimal side effects. The present study sought to evaluate the comparative free radical scavenging activities of ethanol extracts of air dried Morinda lucida leaves (EMLL) and Psidium guajava leaves (EPGL) by measuring their ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, nitric oxide (NOˉ) radical, 2,2 azinobis-( 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS*), and inhibit lipid peroxidation (LPO). Antioxidant activities of the extracts were also determined in the plasma of the rats fed with the extracts by assaying for antiradical activity against DPPH and NO radicals in vitro. In vivo antioxidant effects of the extracts were also evaluated in paracetamol treated rats. Twenty rats were randomly divided into four groups for this study. Group 1 received normal feed as control, group 2 received 14.30mg/kg b.w of paracetamol by gavage, groups 3 and 4 received 400mg/kg b.w of EMLL and EPGL each for 7 days plus paracetamol on the 8th day respectively. Catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) status were assayed for in the kidney, liver and serum. Histopathological examinations of liver and kidney were also carried out. The results showed that EMLL and EPGL exhibited free radical scavenging ability in dose dependent manner towards DPPH, NO, ABTS radicals as well as inhibition of LPO. The results of evaluation of the antioxidant potentials of the extracts while in the plasma showed that they were associated with free radical scavenging activity in vivo. Paracetamol treatment caused significant (p<0.05) decreases in SOD and CAT activities, and marked increase (p<0.05) in MDA levels when compared with the control. However, compared with paracetamol only group, the extracts caused significant (p<0.05) increase in SOD and CAT activities and decreased MDA levels. Histopathological analysis of kidney and liver showed that the extracts were able to offer protection against paracetamol-induced kidney and liver injuries. The extracts therefore have strong antioxidant and cytoprotection abilities.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Anti-diarrheal and Analgesic Activities of Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman ◽  
Md Ruhul Kuddus ◽  
AM Sarwaruddin Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Analgesic Activities

The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal and analgesic activities of methanol extract of Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel buds growing in Bangladesh. The total phenolic content of methanol extract of D. malabarica and its Kupchan fractions was determined and expressed in gallic acid equivalent (GAE). In the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the aqueous soluble fraction of the methanol extract of D. malabarica revealed maximum free radical scavenging activity having IC50 value of 6.17 μg/ml. In antimicrobial assay, all the test samples displayed prominent antimicrobial activity against the test organisms under in vitro conditions. Among these, the carbon tetrachloride soluble fraction was found to exhibit the highest activity against Bacillus cereus, Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Paratyphi, and Candida albicans with the zone of inhibition as 32, 30, 28 and 30 mm, respectively. In evaluation of antidiarrheal activity, the D. malabarica extracts showed significant anti-diarrheal potential in a dose dependent manner. During the evaluation of analgesic activity by radiant heat tail-flick method, the plant extract at 400 mg/kg b.w. exhibited highest elongation (373.04%) as compared to morphine (472.48%). On the other hand, in acetic acid-induced writhing test, the extract at 200- and 400-mg/kg b.w. showed 61.11 and 66.67% inhibition of writhing in mice model, respectively as compared to 68.06% inhibition produced by the standard diclofenac-Na. The findings of this study justify some of the traditional uses of D. malabarica and reveal the bioactivity of the plants. Further studies are required to isolate and identify the bioactive compounds. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 22(1): 27-33, 2019

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity and Hepatoprotective Potential ofPolyalthia longifoliaandCassia spectabilisLeaves against Paracetamol-Induced Liver Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramanion L. Jothy ◽  
Azlan Aziz ◽  
Yeng Chen ◽  
Sreenivasan Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical

In the present study,in vitroantioxidant, free radical scavenging capacity, and hepatoprotective activity of methanol extracts fromPolyalthia longifoliaandCassia spectabiliswere evaluated using establishedin vitromodels such as ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH•), hydroxyl radical(OH•), nitric oxide radical(NO•)scavenging, metal chelating, and antilipidperoxidation activities. Interestingly, all the extracts showed considerablein vitroantioxidant and free radical scavenging activities in a dose-dependent manner when compared to the standard antioxidant which verified the presence of strong antioxidant compound in leaf extracts tested. Phenolic and flavonoid content of these extracts is significantly correlated with antioxidant capacity. SinceP. longifoliaextract was exhibited betterin vitroantioxidant activities, it was subjected forin vivohepatoprotective activity in paracetamol-intoxicated mice. Therapy ofP. longifoliashowed the liver protective effect on biochemical and histopathological alterations. Moreover, histological studies also supported the biochemical finding, that is, the maximum improvement in the histoarchitecture of the liver. Results revealed thatP. longifolialeaf extract could protect the liver against paracetamol-induced oxidative damage by possibly increasing the antioxidant protection mechanism in mice. Our findings indicated thatP. longifoliaandC. spectabilishave potential as good sources of natural antioxidant/antiaging compounds.

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