scholarly journals Natural Ingredients from Medicine Food Homology as Chemopreventive Reagents against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Modulating Gut Microbiota Homoeostasis

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6934
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Xia ◽  
Jiao Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a noteworthy worldwide public health problem. It represents a complex metabolic disorder, mainly characterized as hyperglycemia and lipid dysfunction. The gut microbiota dysbiosis has been proposed to play a role in the development of diabetes. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the use of medicine food homology (MFH) and functional food herbs (FF) to ameliorate diabetes and lead to a natural and healthy life. Hence, this review compiles some reports and findings to demonstrate that the practical use of the MFH/FF can modulate the homoeostasis of gut microbiota, thereby ameliorating the development of T2DM. The results provided useful data to support further investigation of the functional basis and application of MFH/FF to treat T2DM through maintaining intestinal homeostasis.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota influence in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

Gut Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Cunningham ◽  
J. W. Stephens ◽  
D. A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Human Metabolism ◽  
Altered Glucose

AbstractA strong and expanding evidence base supports the influence of gut microbiota in human metabolism. Altered glucose homeostasis is associated with altered gut microbiota, and is clearly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. Understanding the causal association between gut microbiota and metabolic risk has the potential role of identifying susceptible individuals to allow early targeted intervention.

An alcohol-free beer enriched with isomaltulose and a resistant dextrin modulates gut microbiome in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and overweight or obesity: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Mateo-Gallego ◽  
Isabel Moreno-Indias ◽  
Ana M. Bea ◽  
Lidia Sánchez-Alcoholado ◽  
Antonio J. Fumanal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Resistant Dextrin ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

An alcohol-free beer including the substitution of regular carbohydrates for low doses of isomaltulose and maltodextrin within meals significantly impacts gut microbiota in diabetic subjects with overweight or obesity.

scholarly journals Approach to the Patient with Diabetes during Pregnancy

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 3578-3585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Hone ◽  
Lois Jovanovič
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preconception Care ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Optimal Outcomes

The epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) globally are paralleling an increase in the number of women with T2DM becoming pregnant. Because T2DM is frequently undiagnosed before pregnancy, the risk of major malformations in the developing fetus is increased due to uncontrolled hyperglycemia. The lack of preconception care and the increase in complications of pregnancy due to the coexistence of obesity and T2DM are of concern from both an individual and a public health standpoint. Rapid achievement of normoglycemia with limited weight gain is critical to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes in all women with diabetes during pregnancy, regardless of the type of diabetes. This article will focus on T2DM preceding pregnancy due to its increasing prevalence and potentially dire fetal and maternal consequences. Euglycemia before, during, and after all pregnancies complicated by diabetes results in the best opportunity for optimal outcomes for mother and infant.

scholarly journals Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus in youth: the evolving chameleon

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Tfayli ◽  
Silva Arslanian
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Beta Cell ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Beta Cell Failure

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents is an important Public Health problem against the backdrop of the epidemic of childhood obesity. The clinical presentation of T2DM in youth is heterogeneous from minimal symptomatology to diabetic ketoacidosis. The increasing rates of youth T2DM have paralleled the escalating rates of obesity, which is the major risk factor impacting insulin sensitivity. Additional risk factors include minority race, family history of diabetes mellitus, maternal diabetes during pregnancy, pubertal age group and conditions associated with insulin resistance (IR) - such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The pathophysiology of T2DM has been studied extensively in adults, and it is widely accepted that IR together with beta-cell failure are necessary for the development of clinical diabetes mellitus in adulthood. However, pathophysiologic studies in youth are limited and in some cases conflicting. Similar to adults, IR is a prerequisite, but beta-cell failure is necessary for progression from normal glucose tolerance to prediabetes and frank diabetes in youth. Even though rates of T2DM in youth are increasing, the overall prevalence remains low if compared with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, as youth with T1DM are becoming obese, the clinical distinction between T2DM and obese T1DM has become difficult, because of the overlapping clinical picture with evidence of islet cell autoimmunity in a significant proportion of clinically diagnosed youth with T2DM. The latter are most likely obese children with autoimmune T1DM who carry a misdiagnosis of T2DM. Further research is needed to probe the pathophysiological, immunological, and metabolic differences between these two groups in the hopes of assigning appropriate therapeutic regimens. These challenges combined with the evolving picture of youth T2DM and its future complications provide unending opportunities for acquisition of new knowledge in the field of childhood diabetes.

Gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases with and without type-2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Ebrahimzadeh Leylabadlo ◽  
Hossein Samadi Kafil ◽  
Safar Farajnia ◽  
Dariush Shanehbandi ◽  
Seyed Yaghoub Moaddab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases

scholarly journals Gut microbiota imbalances in Tunisian participants with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meriem Fassatoui ◽  
Mireia Lopez-Siles ◽  
Diana A. Díaz-Rizzolo ◽  
Haifa Jmel ◽  
Chokri Naouali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Abstract Gut microbiota plays an important role in the regulation of the immune system and host’s metabolism. We aimed to characterize the gut microbiota of Tunisian participants with and without diabetes. We enrolled ten participants with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), ten patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 11 subjects without diabetes. Bacteria was quantified in fecal samples by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Statistical tests and multivariate analysis were performed using RStudio program. Results showed that the proportions of Firmicutes, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P≤0.041), as well as, the ratio Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes decreased in participants with T1DM compared with those without diabetes (p = 0.036). Participants with T2DM presented a reduction in the amounts of A. muciniphila and F. prausnitzii compared with those without diabetes (P≤0.036). Furthermore, A muciniphila is negatively correlated with glucose level (P=0.022) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (P=0.035). Multivariate analysis revealed that participants with diabetes formed a cluster apart compared with those without diabetes. In conclusion the gut bacteria of Tunisian participants with diabetes was altered. The gut bacterial profile, especially the distribution of A muciniphila in participants with diabetes was affected by glycemic dysregulation. The investigation of the gut microbiota may help clinicians to improve diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and its complications.

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