Secondary Metabolite Profiling, Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activity of Neptunia triquetra (Vahl) Benth

The present study aimed to analyze the phytoconstituents of Neptunia triquetra (Vahl) Benth. Anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of ethanol (EE), chloroform (CE) and dichloromethane (DCME) of stem extracts were evaluated using in vivo experimental models. The extracts were analyzed for phytoconstituents using GC-HRMS. Anti-inflammatory activity of CE, EE and DCME was accessed using carrageenan-induced paw oedema, cotton pellet-induced granuloma and the carrageenan-induced air-pouch model in Wistar albino rats. The hepatotoxicity-induced animal models were investigated for the biochemical markers in serum (AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, total lipids and total protein) and liver (total protein, total lipids, GSH and wet liver weight). In the in vivo study, animals were divided into different groups (six in each group) for accessing the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity, respectively. GC-HRMS analysis revealed the presence of 102 compounds, among which 24 were active secondary metabolites. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of stem extracts was found in the order: indomethacin > chloroform extract (CE) > dichloromethane extract (DCME) > ethanolic extract (EE), and hepatoprotective activity of stem extracts in the order: CE > silymarin > EE > DCME. The results indicate that N. triquetra stem has a higher hepatoprotective effect than silymarin, however the anti-inflammatory response was in accordance with or lower than indomethacin.

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Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Different Extracts of Holoptelia Integrifolia

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.a9584.119119 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 5234-5240

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Nitric Oxide Radical ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Wistar Albino Rats

Medicinal plants are play significant impact in the personal medicine for most of the people all over the world as an alternative live saving medicines and most of their medicinal properties are well known for anticancer activity. The different extracts of Holoptelea integrifolia (H.integrifolia) leaves, stem bark and fruits were studied as a potent natural source of antimicrobial, antioxidant and wound healing potential. This work was carried out to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of different extracts of H.integrifolia. The antimicrobial activity of the H.integrifolia ethanolic extract was studied against five fungal and bacterial strains by utilizing the agar well diffusion method and MIC. Among several strain, the ethanolic extract of fruit has shown higher antimicrobial inhibition zone as 9.25-16 mm compare to other two extracts of stem and leaves as 10- 13.25 mm and 6-10.2 mm respectively. The antioxidant activities for different extract were also determined by DPPH free radical assay, Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging and Nitric Oxide Radical Scavenging Activity method. The anti-inflammatory activity also estimated basedon formalin induced paw edema method on Wistar albino rats. The different extracts of leaves, stem bark and fruit parts of Holoptelea integrifolia were estimated for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity against the animal model of female Wistar albino rats. The results of anti-inflammatory activity revealed that the Ethanol extracts showed vital and dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects. Our findings revealed that aerial parts of H.integrifolia contais potential antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds, which expose the medicinal potential of the selected plant could be a significant drug candidates against microbial, oxidative and inflammation-related pathological processes as a future alternative medicine.

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Pharmacognostical Standardization, Isolation of Phytoconstituents (β-sitosterol), HPTLC analysis of extracts of Operculina turpethum (Linn.) roots and evaluation of cytotoxic, in vitro & in vivo anti-inflammatory activities

Letters in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570178618666210413143914 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

Author(s):

Akash Ved ◽

Shweta Gupta ◽

Namrata Singh ◽

Karuna S. Shukla ◽

Om Prakash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Column Chromatography ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Cell Viability Assay ◽

Edema Formation ◽

Egg Albumin ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background: Operculina turpethum (Linn.) Silva Manso, family- convolvulaceae, is an important plant in Indian conventional system of medicine which is extensively employed by different tribes in many countries to cure edema and painful conditions like arthritis, back pain; hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, liver disorders, skin disorders and to regulate bowel functions. Objective: The roots of O. turpethum (Linn.) was subjected to physicochemical, phytochemical standardization, the chromatographic separation which was accomplished by column chromatography, TLC, and HPTLC, further, the acute toxicity, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of Operculina turpethum roots were estimated by in vivo and in vitro models. Materials and Methods: This study includes percentage yield of extraction, organoleptic evaluation along with the analysis of its physicochemical investigations & preliminary phytochemical estimation. The isolation of active phytoconstituents was done by column chromatography, and the isolated compound was then exposed to TLC and HPTLC analysis. Cytotoxic activity was tested by WST-1 based cell viability assay on HepG2 cells. Anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract (ME) was evaluated against inflammation occur by both in vitro and in vivo method. Results: The methanolic extract exhibited the presence of most of the phytoconstituents out of all the extracts, the phytoconstituent phytosterol, i.e., β-sitosterol was isolated by column chromatography, identified and quantified by TLC and HPTLC, which is liable for anti-inflammatory activity. The amount of β-sitosterol was estimated to be 14.09 µg in 10.00 mg fraction of MEOT. MEOT is devoid of toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg in Wistar albino rats. It was analysed that in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of MEOT by egg albumin denaturation method exhibited a incredible decrement in turbidity and increasing the percentage inhibition of albumin denaturation (60.52%) in MEOT treated group as compared with control group. In egg albumin-induced edema in rats, MEOT at the dose of 400 mg/kg reduced the edema formation (3.03 ± 0.02) induced by egg albumin at 4th h. In cotton pellet-induced granuloma in rats, MEOT at the dose of 400 mg/kg displayed maximum granuloma inhibition (51.06%) which is similar to that of indomethacin. Conclusion: From the obtained findings it is confirmed that O. turpethum contains β-sitosterol which is responsible for potent anti-inflammatory activity without causing cytotoxicity to the plant. The results suggested that ME of O. turpethum roots had high potential for application as an anti-inflammatory agent. The recognization and confirmation of the plant can be obtaineded from the study and will present data which is aidful in determining the quality and purity of a crude drug which further helps in preventing its adulteration.

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Pharmacological Evaluation of Antipyretic, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Cassia fistula

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-4531 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

D.K. Sharma ◽

S.K. Sharma ◽

M.K. Lonare ◽

Rajdeep Kaur ◽

V.K. Dumka

Keyword(s):

Analgesic Activity ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Hot Plate ◽

Antipyretic Activity ◽

Tail Immersion ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background: The antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of two concentrations (100 and 200 mg/kg) of ethanolic extract of leaf, bark, flower and fruit pulp of C. fistula were determined in male wistar albino rats. Methods: Antipyretic activity was assessed by E. coli endotoxin induced pyrexia. Analgesic activity was assessed by hot plate, tail immersion and acetic acid induced writhing test. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. Result: Significant (p less than 0.05) antipyretic activity was exhibited from 2h onwards by bark extract @ 200 mg/kg and from 3h onwards by bark extract @100 mg/kg and leaves extract @ 200mg/kg as compared to control group. Significant (p less than 0.05) analgesic activity was shown by extract of bark @ 200 mg/kg as it is evident by increase in reflex time in hot plate (90,120,180 min), tail immersion test (120,180 min) and inhibition of writhing (32.12%). Significant (p less than 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity was exhibited from 3h post administration by bark @ 200 and leaves @ 100 and 200 mg/kg.

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A REVIEW ON IN VIVO AND IN VITRO EXPERIMENTAL MODELS TO INVESTIGATE THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF HERBAL EXTRACTS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i11.26873 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Inayat Kabir ◽

Imtiyaz Ansari

Keyword(s):

Reference Model ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Herbal Extracts ◽

Double Positive ◽

Arthritis Models ◽

Inflammatory Drugs ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The article emphasizes the anti-inflammatory effects of herbal extracts on different experimental models that are repeatedly used to test the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of herbal components. Edema, granuloma and arthritis models are used to test the anti-inflammatory activity of plant extracts whereas formalin or acetic acid-induced writhing test and hot plate methods are the most repeatedly used to evaluate anti-nociceptive potentials of the herbal extracts. Although adjuvant-induced and collagen-induced arthritis models are also quite efficient, they have been used seldom to evaluate anti-inflammatory tendencies of the herbs. Here, we suggest a double positive reference model using both steroid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at the same time, instead of using only one of them either.

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Extract from Bougainvillea xbuttiana (Variety Orange) Inhibits Production of LPS-Induced Inflammatory Mediators in Macrophages and Exerts a Protective Effect In Vivo

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/2034247 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rodolfo Abarca-Vargas ◽

Vera L. Petricevich

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Mediators ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Peritoneal Macrophages ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Nitric Oxide Release ◽

Lps Challenge ◽

Secretion Of Mediators ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background. Different pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties, have been described among natural products. We previously described that the Bougainvillea xbuttiana (Variety Orange) ethanolic extract (BxbO) has an anti-inflammatory effect; however, this action is not fully understood. In this study, the action of the BxbO extract on the secretion of inflammatory mediators in two experimental models, in vitro and in vivo, after LPS challenge was evaluated. Methods. Peritoneal macrophages were obtained from female BALB/c mice and LPS-challenged with or without the BxbO extract. For the evaluation of mediators, the supernatants at 0, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours were collected. For in vivo estimation, groups of female BALB/c mice were first intraperitoneously injected with different amounts of LPS and later administered the oral BxbO extract (v.o.) for 144 hours. To understand the mechanism of action, sera obtained from mice were collected at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after LPS challenge (with or without BxbO) for the detection of mediators. Results. The results showed that, in both peritoneal macrophages and sera of mice treated with the BxbO extract 1 hour before or together with LPS challenge, proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide release were unquestionably repressed. In contrast, in both systems studied here, the IL-10 levels were elevated to 5 to 9 times. At lethal doses of LPS, the BxbO extract treatment was found to protect animals from death. Conclusions. The results revealed that the inhibitory, protective, and benign effects of the BxbO extract were due to its capacity to balance the secretion of mediators.

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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Raphanus sativus L in Acute and Chronic Experimental Models in Albino Rats

Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal ◽

10.13005/bpj/420 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 315-320 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

SHOBHA KAMBLE ◽

Md. ZUBAIR AHMED ◽

S. RAMABHIMAIAHA ◽

PRABHAKAR PATIL

Keyword(s):

Raphanus Sativus ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Raphanus Sativus L ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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“EVALUATION OF GALPHIMIA GLAUCA STEM METHANOL EXTRACT FRACTIONS FOR ANALGESIC AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES”

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i4.31866 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 266-272

Author(s):

GARIGE BABA SHANKAR RAO ◽

SRISAILAM K ◽

V UMA MAHESHWARA RAO ◽

VASUDHA B

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Dose Range ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Methanol Fraction ◽

Cotton Pellet ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Objective: This current investigation assesses in vivo central and peripheral analgesic effects and anti-inflammatory properties of fractions obtained from Galphimia glauca (GG) stem methanol extract. Methods: The laboratory models such as Swiss albino mice and Wistar albino rats were employed in the studies. The GG stem methanol extract was subjected to fractionation with solvents such as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Orally, the dose range of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg was given for 1 day for evaluating analgesic (hotplate test, tail clip test, writhing test, and formalin test) and weekdays for assessing anti-inflammatory activity (carrageenan and cotton pellet test methods), respectively. The experimental studies were further conducted for determining the involvement of central and peripheral receptor actions in the analgesic activity of the extract by prechallenging it with naloxone and acetic acid, respectively. The in vivo anti-inflammatory studies were conducted using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model and cotton pellet granuloma test. Results: The LD50 of the extract was found to be >2000 mg/kg b.w. The methanol fraction of 400 mg/kg dose exhibited significant (p≤0.001) and dose-dependent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. It also exhibited central and peripheral analgesic actions when treated with naloxone and acetic acid, respectively. Conclusion: The results revealed that the stem methanol fraction has more potential in terms of analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties.

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