scholarly journals Structural and Surfacial Modification of Carbon Nanofoam as an Interlayer for Electrochemically Stable Lithium-Sulfur Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3342
Author(s):  
Yee-Jun Quay ◽  
Sheng-Heng Chung

Electrochemical lithium-sulfur batteries engage the attention of researchers due to their high-capacity sulfur cathodes, which meet the increasing energy-density needs of next-generation energy-storage systems. We present here the design, modification, and investigation of a carbon nanofoam as the interlayer in a lithium-sulfur cell to enable its high-loading sulfur cathode to attain high electrochemical utilization, efficiency, and stability. The carbon-nanofoam interlayer features a porous and tortuous carbon network that accelerates the charge transfer while decelerating the polysulfide diffusion. The improved cell demonstrates a high electrochemical utilization of over 80% and an enhanced stability of 200 cycles. With such a high-performance cell configuration, we investigate how the battery chemistry is affected by an additional polysulfide-trapping MoS2 layer and an additional electron-transferring graphene layer on the interlayer. Our results confirm that the cell-configuration modification brings major benefits to the development of a high-loading sulfur cathode for excellent electrochemical performances. We further demonstrate a high-loading cathode with the carbon-nanofoam interlayer, which attains a high sulfur loading of 8 mg cm−2, an excellent areal capacity of 8.7 mAh cm−2, and a superior energy density of 18.7 mWh cm−2 at a low electrolyte-to-sulfur ratio of 10 µL mg−1.

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1518
Author(s):  
Chien-Hsun Yu ◽  
Yin-Ju Yen ◽  
Sheng-Heng Chung

An ideal high-loading carbon–sulfur nanocomposite would enable high-energy-density lithium–sulfur batteries to show high electrochemical utilization, stability, and rate capability. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the effects of the nanoporosity of various porous conductive carbon substrates (e.g., nonporous, microporous, micro/mesoporous, and macroporous carbons) on the electrochemical characteristics and cell performances of the resulting high-loading carbon–sulfur composite cathodes. The comparison analysis of this work demonstrates the importance of having high microporosity in the sulfur cathode substrate. The high-loading microporous carbon–sulfur cathode attains a high sulfur loading of 4 mg cm−2 and sulfur content of 80 wt% at a low electrolyte-to-sulfur ratio of 10 µL mg−1. The lithium–sulfur cell with the microporous carbon–sulfur cathode demonstrates excellent electrochemical performances, attaining a high discharge capacity approaching 1100 mA∙h g−1, a high-capacity retention of 75% after 100 cycles, and superior high-rate capability of C/20–C/3 with excellent reversibility.


Author(s):  
Xiaohui Zhao ◽  
Chonglong Wang ◽  
Ziwei Li ◽  
Xuechun Hu ◽  
Amir A. Razzaq ◽  
...  

The lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries have a high theoretical specific capacity (1675 mAh g-1) and energy density (2600 Wh kg-1), exerting a high perspective as the next-generation rechargeable batteries for...


Author(s):  
Wenhao Sun ◽  
Yi-Chun Lu ◽  
Yaqin Huang

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries promise high theoretical specific energy density (2600 Wh kg-1), low cost and eco-friendliness. However, their practical development is limited by the shuttle of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and...


Author(s):  
Longtao Ren ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Yajie Li ◽  
Cejun Hu ◽  
Yajun Zhao ◽  
...  

Rechargeable lithium-sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered one of the most promising next-generation energy storage devices because of their high theoretical energy density. However, the dissolution of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) in...


2021 ◽  
pp. 138898
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ramezanitaghartapeh ◽  
Anthony F. Hollenkamp ◽  
Mustafa Musameh ◽  
Peter J. Mahon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram KIshore Bharti ◽  
Ananya Gangadharan ◽  
S Krishna Kumar ◽  
Anil Daliprasad Pathak ◽  
Chandra Shekhar Sharma

The commercial realization of next-generation Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) battery is mainly hindered due to the unwanted lithium polysulfide shuttling and the insulating nature of sulfur cathode. Herein the present work, we...


Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanglei Zeng ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Ke Meng Song ◽  
Shi-Ye Chang ◽  
...  

Li-S battery is considered as one of the most promising battery system because of its large theoretical capacity and high energy density. However, the “shuttle effect” of soluble polysulfides and...


Author(s):  
Peisen Wu ◽  
Yongbo Wu ◽  
Kaiyin Zhu ◽  
Guozheng Ma ◽  
Xiaoming Lin ◽  
...  

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have recently caught a growing number of attentions as next-generation energy storage systems on account of their outstanding theoretical energy density, environmental friendliness and economical nature. However,...


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