scholarly journals Recycling Rusty Iron with Natural Zeolite Heulandite to Create a Unique Nanocatalyst for Green Hydrogen Production

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3445
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shaban ◽  
Mohammad BinSabt ◽  
Ashour M. Ahmed ◽  
Fatma Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Rhombohedral Structure ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogen

Corrosion-induced iron rust causes severe danger, pollution, and economic problems. In this work, nanopowders of Fe2O3 and Fe2O3/zeolite are synthesized for the first time using rusted iron waste and natural zeolite heulandite by chemical precipitation. The chemical composition, nanomorphologies, structural parameters, and optical behaviors are investigated using different techniques. The Fe2O3/zeolite nanocomposite showed smaller sizes and greater light absorption capability in visible light than Fe2O3 nanopowder. The XRD pattern shows crystalline hematite (α-Fe2O3) with a rhombohedral structure. The crystallite sizes for the plane (104) of the Fe2O3 and Fe2O3/zeolite are 64.84 and 56.53 nm, respectively. The Fe2O3 and Fe2O3/zeolite have indirect bandgap values of 1.87 and 1.91 eV and direct bandgap values of 2.04 and 2.07 eV, respectively. Fe2O3 and Fe2O3/zeolite nanophotocatalysts are used for solar photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production. The Fe2O3/zeolite exhibits a PEC catalytic hydrogen production rate of 154.45 mmol/g.h @ 1 V in 0.9 M KOH solution, which is the highest value yet for Fe2O3-based photocatalysts. The photocurrent density of Fe2O3/zeolite is almost two times that of Fe2O3 catalyst, and the IPCE (incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency) reached ~27.34%@307 nm and 1 V. The electrochemical surface area (ECSA) values for Fe2O3 and Fe2O3/zeolite photocatalysts were 7.414 and 21.236 m2/g, respectively. The rate of hydrogen production for Fe2O3/zeolite was 154.44 mmol h−1/g. This nanophotocatalyst has a very low PEC corrosion rate of 7.6 pm/year; it can retain ~97% of its initial performance. Therefore, the present research can be applied industrially as a cost-effective technique to address two issues at once by producing solar hydrogen fuel and recycling the rusted iron wires.

scholarly journals Highly Efficient Photocatalyst Fabricated from the Chemical Recycling of Iron Waste and Natural Zeolite for Super Dye Degradation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Fatma Mohamed ◽  
Safwat Hassaballa ◽  
Mohamed Shaban ◽  
Ashour M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Cost Effective Method

In this paper, Fe2O3 and Fe2O3-zeolite nanopowders are prepared by chemical precipitation utilizing the rusted iron waste and natural zeolite. In addition to the nanomorphologies; the chemical composition, structural parameters, and optical properties are examined using many techniques. The Fe2O3-zeolite photocatalyst showed smaller sizes and higher light absorption in visible light than Fe2O3. Both Fe2O3 and Fe2O3-zeolite are used as photocatalysts for methylene blue (MB) photodegradation under solar light. The effects of the contact time, starting MB concentration, Fe2O3-zeolite dose, and pH value on photocatalytic performance are investigated. The full photocatalytic degradation of MB dye (10 mg/L) is achieved using 75 mg of Fe2O3-zeolite under visible light after 30 s, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the highest performance yet for Fe2O3-based photocatalysts. This photocatalyst has also shown remarkable stability and recyclability. The kinetics and mechanisms of the photocatalytic process are studied. Therefore, the current work can be applied industrially as a cost-effective method for eliminating the harmful MB dye from wastewater and recycling the rusted iron wires.

Treatment of landfill leachate by hybrid precipitation/microfiltration/nanofiltration process

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. S. Amaral ◽  
H. V. Pereira ◽  
E. Nani ◽  
L. C. Lange
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Leachate Quality ◽  
Membrane Cell

This paper describes a promising method to treat stabilized landfill leachate. Such method consists of a combination of chemical precipitation processes, a cost-effective technique with high potential to remove contaminants with foulant nature, microfiltration aimed at removing the produced precipitate and nanofiltration (NF) for final polishing. This study was carried out on a bench unit comprising a precipitation reactor associated with a submerged hollow-fiber microfiltration membrane module and a flat NF membrane cell operated in batch and continuous mode with a treating capacity of 0.1 L h−1. Combining these processes yielded a clear and colorless permeate and proved to be very efficient at removing organic and inorganic matter. The results showed the importance of membrane processes to ensure treated landfill leachate quality. Also the precipitation associated with microfiltration as a pretreatment process is able to guarantee low membrane fouling due to the significant retention of humic substances which are known for their high potential to cause NF membrane fouling.

scholarly journals Moisture Stable Soot Coated Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Photoelectrodes for Hydrogen Production in Water

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Udit Tiwari ◽  
Sahab Dass
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Hydrophobic Coating ◽  
Photogenerated Electrons ◽  
Quantum Leap ◽  
Efficient Route ◽  
Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have triggered a quantum leap in the photovoltaic technology marked by a humongous improvement in the device performance in a matter of just a few years. Despite their promising optoelectronic properties, their use in the photovoltaic sector remains restricted due to their inherent instability towards moisture. Here, we report a simple, cost-effective and highly efficient protection strategy that enables their use as photoelectrodes for photoelectrochemical hydrogen production while being immersed in water. A uniform coating of candle soot and silica is developed as an efficient hydrophobic coating that protects the perovskite from water while allowing the photogenerated electrons to reach the counter electrode. We achieve remarkable stability with photocurrent density above 1.5 mA cm−2 at 1 V versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE) for ~1 h under constant illumination. These results indicate an efficient route for the development of stable perovskite photoelectrodes for solar water splitting.

A Chemical Perspective to the Anti-Amyloid Action of Compounds and a Nanoparticle Based Assay for Screening Amyloid Inhibitors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidhi Gour ◽  
Bharti Koshti
Keyword(s):  
Memory Loss ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Structural Motif ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Stacking Interactions ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Amyloid Fibers ◽  
Aromatic Stacking ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
The Brain

Aggregation of amyloid beeta 1-42 (Aβ<sub>42</sub>) peptide causes the formation of clustered deposits knows as amyloid plaques in the brain which leads to neuronal dysfunction and memory loss and associated with many neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Aβ<sub>42</sub> has core structural motif with phenylalanine at the 19 and 20 positions. The diphenylalanine (FF) residue plays a crucial role in the formation of amyloid fibers and serves as model peptide for studying Aβ<sub>42 </sub>aggregation. FF self-assembles to well-ordered tubular morphology via aromatic pi-pi stackings. Our studies, suggest that the aromatic rings present in the anti-amyloidogenic compounds may interact with the pi-pi stacking interactions present in the FF. Even the compounds which do not have aromatic rings, like cyclodextrin and cucurbituril show anti-amyloid property due to the binding of aromatic ring inside the guest cavity. Hence, our studies also suggest that compounds which may have a functional moiety capable of interacting with the aromatic stacking interactions might be tested for their anti-amyloidogenic properties. Further, in this manuscript, we have proposed two novel nanoparticle based assays for the rapid screening of amyloid inhibitors. In the first assay, interaction between biotin-tagged FF peptide and the streptavidin labelled gold nanoparticles (s-AuNPs) were used. In another assay, thiol-Au interactions were used to develop an assay for detection of amyloid inhibitors. It is envisaged that the proposed analytical method will provide a simple, facile and cost effective technique for the screening of amyloid inhibitors and may be of immense practical implications to find the therapeutic remedies for the diseases associated with the protein aggregation.

scholarly journals Conversion of sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) bands into high-throughput DNA markers based on RAPD technique for detection of the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci in crucial plant hosts

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zouhar ◽  
M. Marek ◽  
O. Douda ◽  
J. Mazáková ◽  
P. Ryšánek
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Healthy Plant ◽  
Host Preferences ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Plant Hosts ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Template Dna

<i>Ditylenchus dipsaci</i>, the stem nematode, is a migratory endoparasite of over 500 species of angiosperms. The main method of <i>D. dipsaci</i> control is crop rotation, but the presence of morphologically indistinguishable host races with different host preferences makes rotation generally ineffective. Therefore, a sensitive, rapid, reliable, as well as cost effective technique is needed for identification of <i>D. dipsaci</i> in biological samples. This study describes the development of species-specific pairs of PCR oligonucleotides for detection and identification of the <i>D. dipsaci</i> stem nematode in various plant hosts. Designed DIT-2 primer pair specifically amplified a fragment of 325 bp, while DIT-5 primer pair always produced a fragment of 245 bp in all <i>D. dipsaci</i> isolates. Two developed SCAR primer pairs were further tested using template DNA extracted from a collection of twelve healthy plant hosts; no amplification was however observed. The developed PCR protocol has proved to be quite sensitive and able to specifically detect <i>D. dipsaci</i> in artificially infested plant tissues.

Bucket handle meniscus tears in low-resource settings can be successfully treated with a cost-effective technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allicia Ostoposides Imada ◽  
James J. O’Hara ◽  
Ignacio L. Proumen ◽  
Pablo S. Molinari ◽  
Daniel C. Wascher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Meniscus Tears ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Bucket Handle

scholarly journals Simple, cost-effective technique for portable digital eletrocorticography

2000 ◽  
Vol 58 (2B) ◽  
pp. 424-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULO R. M. DE BITTENCOURT ◽  
MARCOS C. SANDMANN ◽  
MARLUS S. MORO ◽  
JOÃO C. DE ARAÚJO
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Method ◽  
Cortical Lesions ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
Seizure Disorders ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Cost Effective Technique

We revised 16 patients submitted to epilepsy surgery using a new method of digital, real-time, portable electrocorticography. Patients were operated upon over a period of 28 months. There were no complications. The exam was useful in 13 cases. The low installation and operational costs, the reliability and simplicity of the method, indicate it may be useful for defining the epileptogenic regions in a variety of circumnstances, including surgery for tumors, vascular malformations, and other cortical lesions associated with seizure disorders.

Solar Thermophotovoltaic Converters Based on Tungsten Emitters

2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Andreev ◽  
A. S. Vlasov ◽  
V. P. Khvostikov ◽  
O. A. Khvostikova ◽  
P. Y. Gazaryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Band Gap ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Radiation Spectrum ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Photocurrent Density ◽  
Back Side ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Emitter System ◽  
Solar Powered

Results of a solar thermophotovoltaic (STPV) system study are reported. Modeling of the STPV module performance and the analysis of various parameters influencing the system are presented. The ways for the STPV system efficiency to increase and their magnitude are considered such as: improvement of the emitter radiation selectivity and application of selective filters for better matching the emitter radiation spectrum and cell photoresponse; application of the cells with a back side reflector for recycling the sub-band gap photons; and development of low-band gap tandem TPV cells for better utilization of the radiation spectrum. Sunlight concentrator and STPV modules were designed, fabricated, and tested under indoor and outdoor conditions. A cost-effective sunlight concentrator with Fresnel lens was developed as a primary concentrator and a secondary quartz meniscus lens ensured the high concentration ratio of ∼4000×, which is necessary for achieving the high efficiency of the concentrator–emitter system owing to trap escaping radiation. Several types of STPV modules have been developed and tested under concentrated sunlight. Photocurrent density of 4.5A∕cm2 was registered in a photoreceiver based on 1×1cm2GaSb cells under a solar powered tungsten emitter.

Formation of Periodical Sub-Micron Sized Structures on Silicon by Interfered Nanosecond Laser Pulses

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 3803-3806
Author(s):  
Yong Xiang Hu ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Zheng Qiang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Laser Beams ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Effective Technique ◽  
First Order ◽  
Direct Fabrication ◽  
Cost Effective Technique ◽  
Nanosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Micro Structuring

Laser interference micro-structuring is a relatively efficient and cost-effective technique for fabricating periodical micro-nano-structuring surfaces. The direct fabrication of sub-micron sized dot array on silicon was performed by four interfering nanosecond laser beams with a diffractive beam splitter. The mechanism to form the dot array was analyzed and it was found that the obtained conical dot array had a negative shape of the interference pattern of four laser beams. A second-order peak between two first-order peaks also occurred due to the liquid-solid expansion.

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