scholarly journals The Nature and Quality of Australian Supermarkets’ Policies that can Impact Public Health Nutrition, and Evidence of their Practical Application: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pulker ◽  
Trapp ◽  
Scott ◽  
Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Public Health Nutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Practical Applications

Improving population diets is a public health priority, and calls have been made for corporations such as supermarkets to contribute. Supermarkets hold a powerful position within the food system, and one source of power is supermarket own brand foods (SOBFs). Many of the world’s largest supermarkets have corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies that can impact public health, but little is known about their quality or practical application. This study examines the nature and quality of Australian supermarkets’ CSR policies that can impact public health nutrition, and provides evidence of practical applications for SOBFs. A content analysis of CSR policies was conducted. Evidence of supermarkets putting CSR policies into practice was derived from observational audits of 3940 SOBFs in three large exemplar supermarkets (Coles, Woolworths, IGA) in Perth, Western Australia (WA). All supermarkets had some CSR policies that could impact public health nutrition; however, over half related to sustainability, and many lacked specificity. All supermarkets sold some nutritious SOBFs, using marketing techniques that made them visible. Findings suggest Australian supermarket CSR policies are not likely to adequately contribute to improving population diets or sustainability of food systems. Setting robust and meaningful targets, and improving transparency and specificity of CSR policies, would improve the nature and quality of supermarket CSR policies and increase the likelihood of a public health benefit.

scholarly journals Food system sustainability and vulnerability: food acquisition during the military occupation of Kuwait

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 3060-3066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahhad Alajmi ◽  
Shawn M Somerset
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Occupation ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractObjectiveTo document food acquisition experiences during Iraqi military occupation in Kuwait.DesignRetrospective cross-sectional study.SettingUrban areas in Kuwait during occupation.SubjectsThose living in Kuwait during the period of occupation, and aged between 15 to 50 years at the time of occupation, recruited by snowball sampling. A total of 390 completed questionnaires (response rate 78 %, 202 female and 188 male) were returned.ResultsDuring the occupation, food became increasingly difficult to acquire. Two food systems emerged: (i) an underground Kuwaiti network linked to foods recovered from local food cooperatives and (ii) a black market supplied by food imported through Iraq or stolen locally. Food shortages led to reductions in meal size and frequency. Some respondents (47·7 %) reported not having sufficient income to purchase food and 22·1 % had to sell capital items to purchase food. There was a significant increase (P<0·01) in home production, with 23·1 % of people growing vegetables and 39·0 % raising animals to supplement food needs. Reduction in food wastage also emerged as a significant self-reported behaviour change. Respondents reported deterioration in the quality and availability of fish, milk, and fruit in particular. Despite a decrease in opportunities for physical activity, most respondents reported that they lost weight during the occupation.ConclusionsAlthough the Kuwaiti population fell by about 90 % and domestic food production increased during the 7-month occupation, the local population continued to rely heavily on imported food to meet population needs. The high prevalence of self-reported weight loss indicates the inadequacies of this food supply. High apparent food security in systems which significantly exceed the ecological carrying capacity of the local environment and rely on mass food importation remains vulnerable.

scholarly journals Quality of life in municipal public health managers: a cross-sectional study from Brazil

MOJ Surgery ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana de Fatima Possobon ◽  
Nelo Augusto Poleto ◽  
Livia Fernandes Probst ◽  
Tatila de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Luciane Miranda Guerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Managers

scholarly journals Level of Quality of Option B+PMTCT Service Provision in Public Health Facilities in Mekelle Zone, Northern Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiros Fenta Ajemu ◽  
Alem Desta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Maternal Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Facilities ◽  
Output Quality

Abstract Background Substantial improvements have been observed in coverage and access to maternal health services in Ethiopia. However, quality of care has been lagging behind. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess quality of OptionB + in Mekelle Zone, Northern Ethiopia.Methods Facility based cross-sectional study involving both quantitative and qualitative methods was conducted from December 2016- January 2017. The quality of service delivery was assessed in 11 public health facilities in Mekelle. Data collection was conducted using facility audit, observation, and client exit interview check list to assess (Input-Process–Output) quality components. Similarly in-depth interview guide was used to gather qualitative data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Descriptive statistics were computed to summarize the study findings and triangulation was made with qualitative findings.Results Overall, 2 (16.7%) of study health facilities full filled all the three quality components but none in 3(25%). The input quality component was better than the others in which 4(33.3%) facilities were rated as good. The process and output quality components were judged as good in 3(25%) study health facilities.Conclusion Only 16.7% of facilities studied were achieved good quality with respect to the three predetermined quality components. Since, assessed items in each quality component were potentially easy to intervene; strengthening program monitoring needed by program managers at each level of the health facilities.

scholarly journals Formulating policy activities to promote healthy and sustainable diets

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 2333-2340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A Lawrence ◽  
Sharon Friel ◽  
Kate Wingrove ◽  
Sarah W James ◽  
Seona Candy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Nutrition Policy ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Public Health Nutrition ◽  
Sustainable Diets ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
Political Realities

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a policy formulation tool for strategically informing food and nutrition policy activities to promote healthy and sustainable diets (HSD).DesignA policy formulation tool consisting of two complementary components was developed. First, a conceptual framework of the environment–public health nutrition relationship was constructed to characterise and conceptualise the food system problem. Second, an ‘Orders of Food Systems Change’ schema drawing on systems dynamics thinking was developed to identify, assess and propose policy options to redesign food systems.SettingFood and nutrition policy activities to promote HSD have been politicised, fragmented and lacking a coherent conceptual and strategic focus to tackle complex food system challenges.ResultsThe tool’s conceptual framework component comprises three integrated dimensions: (i) a structure built around the environment and public health nutrition relationship that is mediated via the food system; (ii) internal mechanisms that operate through system dynamics; and (iii) external interactions that frame its nature and a scope within ecological parameters. The accompanying schema is structured around three orders of change distinguished by contrasting ideological perspectives on the type and extent of change needed to ‘solve’ the HSD problem.ConclusionsThe conceptual framework’s systems analysis of the environment–public health nutrition relationship sets out the food system challenges for HSD. The schema helps account for political realities in policy making and is a key link to operationalise the framework’s concepts to actions aimed at redesigning food systems. In combination they provide a policy formulation tool to strategically inform policy activities to redesign food systems and promote HSD.

Association between sleep quality and quality of life among students: a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Rezaei ◽  
Yaser Mokhayeri ◽  
Javad Haroni ◽  
Mahdi Jamshidi Rastani ◽  
Mohammad Sayadnasiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractBackgroundLack of sleep and on going sleep disorder can affect family health and interpersonal relationships.ObjectiveThe aim of study was to investigate the association between sleep quality and the probable determinants of quality of life among students of a public health faculty at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU) in the 2015 academic year.MethodsThe data from a cross-sectional study of 275 students that randomly stratified sampling between different classes of college students of a public health faculty of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences were used in this study. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire consisted of modules on socio-demographic characteristics, the Petersburg Standardized Sleep Quality Questionnaire(PSQL) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). Data analysis was done with descriptive and logistic regression. All analyses were carried out using SPSS software V.19.ResultsA total of 275 students participated in this study. The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 22.1 ± 3.6 years. In the univariable model, students that were living in their own homes had the odds of 2.18 times more than the others to have a higher quality of life level [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–4.45]. Moreover, sleep disorder was negatively associated with the quality of life [odds ratio (OR) = 0.23; 95% CI: 0.12–0.46].ConclusionThese results will help university administrators and policy makers to identify factors associated with poor sleep and provide approaches to enhance sleep hygiene and relevant knowledge in university students. Living in a dormitoy while also suffering from sleep problems could significantly reduce the quality of life.

scholarly journals Quality of Drug in Health Facilities: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 644-648
Author(s):  
Khem Bahadur Karki ◽  
Neelam Dhakal ◽  
Baburam Humagain ◽  
Arpana Pandit ◽  
Trishna Acharya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Facilities

Background: Poor quality drugs result minor to detrimental effect on human health. The drug should be of standard quality and should be used appropriately in order to meet its therapeutic efficacy. This study aims to assess the quality of drug in Nepal. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in randomly selected 88 health facilities in Nepal from 10th April to 30th June 2016. Selective medicines were collected from both private licensed pharmacies and selected public health facilities. Face to face interview with health facility in-charge of selected health facilities was carried out along with the direct observation of the medicine storage room. The collected medicine samples were dispatched to two laboratories for in-vitro analysis. The labels of the collected medicine were analyzed. The obtained data were entered in Epidata version 3.1, cleaned in Microsoft excel 2007 and analyzed in SPSS version 20.Results: Out of 172 brands, nine brands of medicines were found substandard. Information regarding storage conditions, direction for use and category of the drug were lacking in the label of some brands of medicines. Some selected health facilities were found not meeting major requirements for drug storage: protection from sunlight, moisture, heat, well ventilation and proper sanitation.Conclusions: Few drugs were found to be substandard in Nepalese market from both public and private sectors. Adequate labeling and proper storage condition of medicines in health facilities were lacking.Keywords: Drug quality; private pharmacies; public health facilities; substandard drugs.

scholarly journals Determinan EpidemiologisKejadian Diare Pada Anak Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Juntinyuat

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hairil Akbar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Public Health Center

Infants are a nation's investment because they are the next generation for a nation. The quality of a nation can be determined by the quality of its infants at this time. Health problems during infancy can affect growth, especially disorders in the digestive tract such as diarrhea. Diarrhea affects the absorption of nutrients for the growth of children under five and diarrhea is the leading cause of infant mortality globally. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the incidence of diarrhea in children infants in Public Health Center Juntinyuat. This was an observational analytic study using a cross-sectional study design. The population under study was entire children aged 12-59 months in Public Health Center Juntinyuat with the total population of 1882 infants. The sample consisted of 94 selected children aged 12-59 months using Simple Random Sampling. According to the result of a simple logistic regression test, there was a relationship of nutritional status with p-value 0.002 (p <0,05), the existence of the trash with p-value 0.039 (p <0,05), and the presence of wastewater disposal facilities with p-value 0,008 (p <0,05) to diarrhea occurrence in infants Keywords: Diarrhea, Nutritional Status, The Existence of The Trash, The Presence of wastewater Disposal Facilities

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