scholarly journals Synbiotic Combination of Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) and Lactobacillus acidophilus Inhibits Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Lee ◽  
Hong-Jhang Chen ◽  
Yu-Hua Chien ◽  
Shih-Min Hsia ◽  
Jiann-Hwa Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways ◽  
Functional Grain ◽  
Group B

Djulis is a functional grain containing prebiotic dietary fiber, which has an anti-cancer potential. This study examined the preventive effect of djulis alone or in combination with Lactobacillus acidophilus on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Rats were divided into five groups and fed B (AIN-93G, blank), C (AIN-93G, control), D (10% djulis), DLA (10% djulis plus 5 × 106 cfu L. acidophilus/g), and DHA (10% djulis plus 5 × 107 cfu L. acidophilus/g) diets, respectively. All rats except for those in group B received three doses of DMH (40 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection and 3% DSS in drinking water. After 10 weeks of feeding, the colon was analyzed for precancerous lesions and biomarkers. DMH and DSS treatment induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF), especially in the distal colon. D, DLA, and DHA significantly reduced the numbers of total ACF, sialomucin-producing ACF (SIM-ACF), and mucin-depleted foci (MDF) in the distal colon compared to C. Additionally, DLA and DHA further downregulated the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and regulated apoptosis-related proteins. These results suggest that synbiotic combination of djulis and L. acidophilus shows the best inhibitory effect on colon carcinogenesis via regulation of proliferative, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways.

Lack of chemoprevention of dietary Agaricus blazei against rat colonic aberrant crypt foci

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Ziliotto ◽  
LF Barbisan ◽  
MAM Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Agaricus Blazei ◽  
Initiation Stage

The mushroom Agaricus blazei ( Ab) has been widely used in folk medicine to treat various diseases including cancer. No information is available on its possible protective effects on the development of colon cancer. The potential blocking effect of Ab intake on the initiation stage of colon carcinogenesis was investigated in a short-term (4-week) bioassay using aberrant crypt foci (ACF) as biomarker. Male Wistar rats were given four subcutaneous injections of the carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 40 mg/kg bw, twice a week), during 2 weeks to induce ACF. The diet containing Ab at 5% was given 2 weeks before and during carcinogen treatment to investigate the potential beneficial effects of this edible mushroom on DMH-induced ACF. All groups were killed at the end of the fourth week. The colons were analyzed for ACF formation in 1% methylene blue whole-mount preparations and for cell proliferation in histological sections immunohistochemically stained for the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). All DMH-treated rats developed ACF mainly in the middle and distal colon. Agaricus blazei intake at 5% did not alter the number of ACF induced by DMH or the PCNA indices in the colonic mucosa. Thus, the results of the present study did not confirm a chemopreventive activity of Ab on the initiation stage of rat colon carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Djulis (Chenopodium Formosanum) Prevents Colon Carcinogenesis via Regulating Antioxidative and Apoptotic Pathways in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Lee ◽  
Hong-Jhang Chen ◽  
Gui-Ru Xie ◽  
Chun-Kuang Shih
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Cereal Product ◽  
Chemopreventive Effect ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Djulis is a cereal crop rich in polyphenols and dietary fiber that may have nutraceutical activity to prevent colon cancer. This study was designed to examine the preventive effect of djulis on colon carcinogenesis in rats treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Rats were fed different AIN-93G-based diets: groups N and DMH were fed AIN-93G diet and groups LD, MD, and HD were fed AIN-93G diet containing 5, 10, and 20% djulis, respectively. All rats except for group N were injected with DMH to induce colon carcinogenesis. After 10 weeks, rats were sacrificed and colon and liver tissues were collected for analysis. The results showed that djulis-treated rats had significantly lower numbers of colonic preneoplastic lesions, aberrant crypt foci (ACF), sialomucin-producing (SIM)-ACF, and mucin-depleted foci. Djulis treatment increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in colon and liver. Djulis also reduced p53, Bcl-2, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expressions and increased Bax and caspase-9 expressions. Besides, phenolic compounds and flavonoids were found rich in djulis. These results demonstrate the chemopreventive effect of djulis on carcinogen-induced colon carcinogenesis via regulating antioxidative and apoptotic pathways in rats. Djulis may have the potential to be developed as a valuable cereal product for chemoprevention of colon cancer.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of NS-398, a Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor, on Azoxymethane-induced Aberrant Crypt Foci in Colon Carcinogenesis of F344 Rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 1044-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Yoshimi ◽  
Kunihiro Kawabata ◽  
Akira Hara ◽  
Kengo Matsunaga ◽  
Yasuhiro Yamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
F344 Rats

scholarly journals Dietary Polyacetylenic Oxylipins Falcarinol and Falcarindiol Prevent Inflammation and Colorectal Neoplastic Transformation: A Mechanistic and Dose-Response Study in A Rat Model

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Kobaek-Larsen ◽  
Gunnar Baatrup ◽  
Martine KhataeiNotabi ◽  
Rime Bahij El-Houri ◽  
Emma Pipó-Ollé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Neoplastic Tissue ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Gene Expression Studies ◽  
Dose Response Study ◽  
Dose Dependent

Falcarinol (FaOH) and falcarindiol (FaDOH) are cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory polyacetylenic oxylipins, which are commonly found in the carrot family (Apiaceae). FaOH and FaDOH have previously demonstrated a chemopreventive effect on precursor lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC) in azoxymethane (AOM)-induced rats. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate possible mechanisms of action for the preventive effect of FaOH and FaDOH on colorectal precancerous lesions and to determine how this effect was dependent on dose. Gene expression studies performed by RT-qPCR of selected cancer biomarkers in tissue from biopsies of neoplastic tissue revealed that FaOH and FaDOH downregulated NF-κβ and its downstream inflammatory markers TNFα, IL-6, and COX-2. The dose-dependent anti-neoplastic effect of FaOH and FaDOH in AOM-induced rats was investigated in groups of 20 rats receiving a standard rat diet (SRD) supplemented with 0.16, 0.48, 1.4, 7 or 35 µg FaOH and FaDOH g−1 feed in the ratio 1:1 and 20 rats were controls receiving only SRD. Analysis of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) showed that the average number of small ACF (<7 crypts) and large ACF (>7 crypts) decreased with increasing dose of FaOH and FaDOH and that this inhibitory effect on early neoplastic formation of ACF was dose-dependent, which was also the case for the total number of macroscopic neoplasms. The CRC protective effects of apiaceous vegetables are mainly due to the inhibitory effect of FaOH and FaDOH on NF-κB and its downstream inflammatory markers, especially COX-2.

scholarly journals Annona crassiflora Mart. fruit pulp effects on biochemical parameters and rat colon carcinogenesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Paula Venâncio ◽  
Eric Batista Ferreira ◽  
Maísa Ribeiro Pereira Lima Brigagão ◽  
Fernanda Borges de Araújo Paula ◽  
Luis Fernando Barbisan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Commercial Diet

A. crassiflora Mart. a Brazilian savannah fruit, is a source of phytochemical compounds that possess a wide array of biological activities, including free radical scavenging. This native fruit proved to potentialize the mutagenic process in previous in vivo investigations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of A. crassiflora Mart. pulp intake on colonic cell proliferation and on the development of Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF) in male Wistar rats. The animals were fed with either a commercial diet or a diet supplemented with A. crassiflora Mart. pulp mixed in 1%, 10% or 20% (w/w) for 4 weeks or 20 weeks. The carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (4 doses, 40 mg kg-1 each) was used to induce colonic ACF. After euthanasia, the blood, liver and colon samples were collected for biochemical determinations, oxidative stress or ACF development analysis, respectively. Immunohistochemical analyses of the colonic mucosa were performed using antibodies against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in normal-appearing colonic crypt and β-catenin in ACF. There was no ACF development in the colon from groups treated with A. crassiflora Mart. pulp. Also, the biochemical and oxidative stress analysis, PCNA labeling and ACF development (number, multiplicity or cellular localization of β-catenin) were unchanged as a result of marolo pulp intake. Thus, the present results suggest that A. crassiflora Mart. pulp intake did not exert any protective effect in the colon carcinogenesis induced by DMH in rats.

Inhibitory Effect of Garcinol on Obesity Exacerbates Colitis‐Mediated Colon Carcinogenesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100410
Author(s):  
Pei‐Sheng Lee ◽  
Kalyanam Nagabhushanam ◽  
Chi‐Tang Ho ◽  
Min‐Hsiung Pan
Keyword(s):  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect

Inhibitory effect of whole oat on aberrant crypt foci formation and colon tumor growth in ICR and BALB/c mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsueh-Chun Wang ◽  
Chia-Hung Hung ◽  
Jeng-Dong Hsu ◽  
Mon-Yuan Yang ◽  
Shing-Jung Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Colon Tumor

Multivitamin and mineral supplementation in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced experimental colon carcinogenesis and evaluation of free radical status, antioxidant potential, and incidence of ACF

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Baskar Arul ◽  
Ignacimuthu Savarimuthu ◽  
Mohammed A. Alsaif ◽  
Khalid S. Al Numair
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxides ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Products ◽  
Histopathological Alterations ◽  
Mineral Supplementation

This study was performed to determine the chemopreventive and antioxidant status of multivitamin and mineral (0.01% in drinking water, ad libitum) supplements in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. Experimental colon carcinogenesis was induced in male albino Wistar rats by injecting DMH (20 mg·(kg body mass)–1) once weekly for 15 consecutive weeks, and administering a multivitamin supplement in 3 regimes (initiation, post-initiation, and entire experimental period) for 32 weeks. We studied lipid peroxidation products (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides, conjugated dienes) in the circulation and in the tissues, antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and non-enzymatic antioxidant-reduced glutathione) of the tissues, aberrant crypt foci (ACF), and histopathological alterations. DMH-induced rats had an increase in lipid peroxidation products and a lower antioxidant status compared with control animals. Multivitamin and mineral supplementation during the initiation, post-initiation, and the entire study period significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation products in circulation and colonic tissues, significantly elevated the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione to near normalcy in DMH-induced rats. The incidence of ACF was reduced to 84.1% in rats supplemented with multivitamin and minerals for the entire study and prevented the colonic tissue from histopathological alterations induced by DMH.

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