scholarly journals Djulis (Chenopodium Formosanum) Prevents Colon Carcinogenesis via Regulating Antioxidative and Apoptotic Pathways in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Lee ◽  
Hong-Jhang Chen ◽  
Gui-Ru Xie ◽  
Chun-Kuang Shih
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Cereal Product ◽  
Chemopreventive Effect ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways ◽  
Proliferating Cell

Djulis is a cereal crop rich in polyphenols and dietary fiber that may have nutraceutical activity to prevent colon cancer. This study was designed to examine the preventive effect of djulis on colon carcinogenesis in rats treated with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Rats were fed different AIN-93G-based diets: groups N and DMH were fed AIN-93G diet and groups LD, MD, and HD were fed AIN-93G diet containing 5, 10, and 20% djulis, respectively. All rats except for group N were injected with DMH to induce colon carcinogenesis. After 10 weeks, rats were sacrificed and colon and liver tissues were collected for analysis. The results showed that djulis-treated rats had significantly lower numbers of colonic preneoplastic lesions, aberrant crypt foci (ACF), sialomucin-producing (SIM)-ACF, and mucin-depleted foci. Djulis treatment increased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in colon and liver. Djulis also reduced p53, Bcl-2, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen expressions and increased Bax and caspase-9 expressions. Besides, phenolic compounds and flavonoids were found rich in djulis. These results demonstrate the chemopreventive effect of djulis on carcinogen-induced colon carcinogenesis via regulating antioxidative and apoptotic pathways in rats. Djulis may have the potential to be developed as a valuable cereal product for chemoprevention of colon cancer.

Chemopreventive effects of aloin against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced preneoplastic lesions in the colon of Wistar rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
OO Hamiza ◽  
MU Rehman ◽  
R Khan ◽  
M Tahir ◽  
AQ Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Factor Α

Chemoprevention opens new window in the prevention of all types of cancers including colon cancer. Aloin, an anthracycline in plant pigment, can be utilized as a protective agent in cancer induction. In the present study, we have evaluated the chemopreventive efficacy of aloin against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced preneoplastic lesions in the colon of Wistar rats. DMH-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and mucin-depleted foci (MDF) have been used as biomarkers of colon cancer. Efficacy of aloin against the colon toxicity was evaluated in terms of biochemical estimation of antioxidant enzyme activities, lipid peroxidation, ACF, MDF, histopathological changes, and expression levels of molecular markers of inflammation and tumor promotion. Aloin pretreatment ameliorates the damaging effects induced by DMH through a protective mechanism that involved reduction in increased oxidative stress enzymes ( p < 0.001), ACF, MDF, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-6, proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein expression, and tumor necrosis factor-α ( p < 0.001) release. From the results, it could be concluded that aloin clearly protects against chemically induced colon toxicity and acts reasonably by inducing antioxidant level, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative markers.

scholarly journals Synbiotic Combination of Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum) and Lactobacillus acidophilus Inhibits Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Lee ◽  
Hong-Jhang Chen ◽  
Yu-Hua Chien ◽  
Shih-Min Hsia ◽  
Jiann-Hwa Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways ◽  
Functional Grain ◽  
Group B

Djulis is a functional grain containing prebiotic dietary fiber, which has an anti-cancer potential. This study examined the preventive effect of djulis alone or in combination with Lactobacillus acidophilus on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Rats were divided into five groups and fed B (AIN-93G, blank), C (AIN-93G, control), D (10% djulis), DLA (10% djulis plus 5 × 106 cfu L. acidophilus/g), and DHA (10% djulis plus 5 × 107 cfu L. acidophilus/g) diets, respectively. All rats except for those in group B received three doses of DMH (40 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection and 3% DSS in drinking water. After 10 weeks of feeding, the colon was analyzed for precancerous lesions and biomarkers. DMH and DSS treatment induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF), especially in the distal colon. D, DLA, and DHA significantly reduced the numbers of total ACF, sialomucin-producing ACF (SIM-ACF), and mucin-depleted foci (MDF) in the distal colon compared to C. Additionally, DLA and DHA further downregulated the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and regulated apoptosis-related proteins. These results suggest that synbiotic combination of djulis and L. acidophilus shows the best inhibitory effect on colon carcinogenesis via regulation of proliferative, inflammatory, and apoptotic pathways.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity of 2,4,6,7-Tetrasubstituted-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6747
Author(s):  
Beatričė Razmienė ◽  
Eva Řezníčková ◽  
Vaida Dambrauskienė ◽  
Radek Ostruszka ◽  
Martin Kubala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Ph Sensing ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Ph Indicator ◽  
Antiproliferative Effects ◽  
Alkylation Reactions ◽  
Ratiometric Ph Sensing ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Parp 1

A library of 2,4,6,7-tetrasubstituted-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines was prepared from easily accessible 1-phenyl-3-(2-phenylethynyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde via an iodine-mediated electrophilic cyclization of intermediate 4-(azidomethyl)-1-phenyl-3-(phenylethynyl)-1H-pyrazoles to 7-iodo-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridines followed by Suzuki cross-couplings with various boronic acids and alkylation reactions. The compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against K562, MV4-11, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. The most potent compounds displayed low micromolar GI50 values. 4-(2,6-Diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-7-yl)phenol proved to be the most active, induced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) cleavage, activated the initiator enzyme of apoptotic cascade caspase 9, induced a fragmentation of microtubule-associated protein 1-light chain 3 (LC3), and reduced the expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The obtained results suggest a complex action of 4-(2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-7-yl)phenol that combines antiproliferative effects with the induction of cell death. Moreover, investigations of the fluorescence properties of the final compounds revealed 7-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,6-diphenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine as the most potent pH indicator that enables both fluorescence intensity-based and ratiometric pH sensing.

Lack of chemoprevention of dietary Agaricus blazei against rat colonic aberrant crypt foci

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Ziliotto ◽  
LF Barbisan ◽  
MAM Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Agaricus Blazei ◽  
Initiation Stage

The mushroom Agaricus blazei ( Ab) has been widely used in folk medicine to treat various diseases including cancer. No information is available on its possible protective effects on the development of colon cancer. The potential blocking effect of Ab intake on the initiation stage of colon carcinogenesis was investigated in a short-term (4-week) bioassay using aberrant crypt foci (ACF) as biomarker. Male Wistar rats were given four subcutaneous injections of the carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH, 40 mg/kg bw, twice a week), during 2 weeks to induce ACF. The diet containing Ab at 5% was given 2 weeks before and during carcinogen treatment to investigate the potential beneficial effects of this edible mushroom on DMH-induced ACF. All groups were killed at the end of the fourth week. The colons were analyzed for ACF formation in 1% methylene blue whole-mount preparations and for cell proliferation in histological sections immunohistochemically stained for the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). All DMH-treated rats developed ACF mainly in the middle and distal colon. Agaricus blazei intake at 5% did not alter the number of ACF induced by DMH or the PCNA indices in the colonic mucosa. Thus, the results of the present study did not confirm a chemopreventive activity of Ab on the initiation stage of rat colon carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Oral administration of sodium butyrate reduces chemically-induced preneoplastic lesions in experimental carcinogenesis

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio ◽  
Ana Paula Boroni Moreira ◽  
Isabela Campelo de Queiroz ◽  
Cristina Maria Ganns Chaves Dias ◽  
Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the effects of oral administration of sodium butyrate on colon carcinogenesis. METHODS: Carcinogenesis in adult male Wistar rats was induced with 1.2-dimethylhydrazine injections at a dose of 40mg/kg of body weight. A solution of sodium butyrate (3.4%) was given ad libitum for 4 weeks (butyrate group, n=16) instead of water (control group, n=9). Rats were killed 17 weeks after 1.2-dimethylhydrazine administration. Aberrant crypt foci and expression of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of cyclins D1 and E were quantified in the colon. Alterations in the fatty acid profile of the colon, liver, intra-abdominal fat and feces were also analyzed. RESULTS: A significant decrease in aberrant crypt foci was found in the group taking butyrate. No differences were found between the groups in the mRNA expression of cyclins D1 and E. Nevertheless, butyrate intake decreased the content of stearic and oleic acids in the intra-abdominal fat and docosahexaenoic acid in the liver. Moreover, these rats presented higher percentages of linoleic acid in the intra-abdominal fat than control rats. CONCLUSION: The data indicate that butyrate use in rats reduced preneoplastic lesions and changes in the intra-abdominal fat and fatty acid profile of the liver, commonly found in colon carcinogenesis.

Rosmarinic acid inhibits DMH-induced cell proliferation in experimental rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatachalam Karthikkumar ◽  
Gunasekaran Sivagami ◽  
Periyasamy Viswanathan ◽  
Namasivayam Nalini
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Entire Study

AbstractColon cancer is one of the most common cancers in both men and women. The present study is an effort to unravel the anticarcinogenic effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. Administration of DMH induces multiple tumors in the rat colon, which mimics human colon cancer.Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups and fed a high-fat diet. Group 1 served as control, group 2 rats were given RA [5 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)] orally every day for a total period of 30 weeks, and groups 3–6 were given weekly injections of DMH (20 mg/kg b.w. subcutaneous) once a week in the groin for the first 15 weeks. In addition to DMH, groups 4–6 received RA at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. during the initiation and postinitiation stages, and also throughout the entire study period. Colon tissues were examined histologically; further, the extent of oxidative stress was assessed by measuring lipid peroxidation and antioxidant levels in the colonic mucosa of rats.Macroscopic and microscopic tumors were identified in all the groups that received DMH. The results revealed that supplementation with RA significantly inhibited the tumor formation and tumor multiplicity in DMH-treated rats. RA supplementation to DMH-administered rats significantly reduced the cell proliferation markers, namely, argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions as well as proliferative cell nuclear antigen labeling index. In addition, RA supplementation reduces the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, interlukin-6, and cyclooxygenase-2, and modulates the expression of p65.The above findings clearly underline the chemopreventive efficacy of RA against DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis.

scholarly journals Abnormal Savda Munziq, an Herbal Preparation of Traditional Uighur Medicine, May Prevent 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-Induced Rat Colon Carcinogenesis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdiryim Yusup ◽  
Halmurat Upur ◽  
Anwar Umar ◽  
Benedicte Berke ◽  
Dilxat Yimit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Aberrant Crypt Foci ◽  
Rat Colon ◽  
Preneoplastic Lesions ◽  
Abnormal Savda ◽  
Abnormal Savda Munziq

The study tried to assess the chemoprotective effect of abnormal Savda Munziq (ASMq) on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. Male F344 rats were randomized into eight groups: Group 1 was served as control, no DMH injection was given and treated daily with normal saline. Rats in Groups 2–8 were given a single intraperitoneal injection of DMH (20 mg/kg body weight) at the beginning of the study. Group 2 was served as negative control, administered with normal saline until the end of the experiment after the single DMH injection. Groups 3–5 were served as pretreatment group, administered with ASMq ethanol extract at 400, 800 and 1600 mg/kg body weight, respectively, until the 45th day, continued by normal saline administration for another 45 days. Groups 6–8 were served as the treatment group, administered with normal saline for the first 45 days from the day of DMH injection, ASMq ethanol extract at three different doses to be administered until the end of the second 45th day. All rats were sacrificed at 91st day and the colons were analyzed for aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation and crypt multiplicity. Results showed that ASMq ethanol extract reduced the number of ACF, AC and crypt multiplicity significantly (P< .05). It suggested that ASMq ethanol extract had chemoprotective effects on DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis, by suppressing the development of preneoplastic lesions, and probably exerted protection against the initiation and promotion steps of colon carcinogenesis.

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