scholarly journals Dietary-Lifestyle Patterns Associated with Adiposity and Metabolic Abnormalities in Adult Men under 40 Years Old: A Cross-Sectional Study (MeDiSH Project)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 751
Author(s):  
Marta Lonnie ◽  
Lidia Wadolowska ◽  
Elzbieta Bandurska-Stankiewicz

The aim of this study was to examine the associations of dietary-lifestyle patterns (DLPs) with adiposity and metabolic abnormalities in adult Polish men that were under 40. The cross-sectional study included 358 men that were 19–40-year-old. Dietary and lifestyle data were collected with multicomponent food frequency questionnaire (KomPAN®). DPLs were derived with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) using 25 dietary and six lifestyle as the input variables. Adiposity was determined with the use of: overweight (body mass index 25–29.9 kg/m2), central obesity (waist-to-height ratio ≥ 0.5), general obesity (body fat ≥ 25%), excessive visceral fat tissue (≥ median), and increased skeletal muscle mass (≥ median). The metabolic abnormalities were characterised by elevated: fasting blood glucose (FBG ≥ 100 mg/dL), triglycerides (TG ≥ 150 mg/dL), total cholesterol (TC ≥ 200 mg/dL), or systolic or diastolic blood pressure (≥ 130 or ≥ 85 mmHg, respectively). Four PCA-driven DLPs were derived and labelled accordingly to the most characteristic dietary or lifestyle behaviours that were correlated with each pattern. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that higher adherence (upper vs. bottom tertile as referent) to “Protein food, fried-food, and recreational physical activity” pattern was associated with higher odds of overweight and increased skeletal muscle mass, and lower odds of: general obesity, excessive visceral fat tissue, and elevated TC. Higher adherence to “Healthy diet, active, past smokers” pattern was associated with higher odds of overweight and lower odds of: general obesity, excessive visceral fat tissue, and elevated FBG. Higher adherence to “Sandwiches and convenient diet” pattern was associated with higher odds of: central obesity, general obesity, excessive visceral fat tissue, elevated TC, elevated TG, occurrence at least two metabolic abnormalities, and lower odds of increased skeletal muscle mass. A higher adherence to “Fast foods and stimulants” pattern was associated with higher odds of central obesity, general obesity, excessive visceral fat tissue, and lower odds of increased skeletal muscle mass. The interrelations between diet and lifestyle behaviours were reflected in three out of four patterns. Healthy diet attempts combined with active lifestyle was associated with reduced risk of adiposity and metabolic abnormalities despite some unhealthy components, like former smoking or fried-food consumption. In contrary, patterns that were composed of undesirable dietary behaviours solely, as well as poor diet combined with stimulant use, were associated with higher adiposity and worse metabolic health, despite the relatively young age of the study participants. Accurate mapping of dietary-lifestyle behaviours can serve as a tool for formulating evidence-based recommendations.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lazuardhi Dwipa ◽  
Rini Widiastuti ◽  
Alif Bagus Rakhimullah ◽  
Marcellinus Maharsidi ◽  
Yuni Susanti Pratiwi ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The relationship between obesity and low bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults is still unclear. Most of the previous study did not account the factor of sarcopenia which is the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass due to aging, and distribution of fat in obesity. Thus, this study was aimed to explore the correlation between appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), total fat mass (FM), and truncal fat mass (TrFM) as well as indexes (ASMM/FM and ASMM/TrFM ratio) with BMD in older adults.Methods This was an analytic cross-sectional study. Dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) were used to assess BMD and body composition, respectively. Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass (ASMM) were used in the analysis to reflect sarcopenia, Fat Mass (FM) and Trunkal Fat Mass (TrFM) were used to reflect general and central obesity, respectively. All data were obtained from medical records of Geriatric Clinic of Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Indonesia from January 2014 to December 2018. The correlation between body compositions variable with BMD were analyzed using Spearman’s test. We also conducted a comparison analysis of body composition variables between low and normal BMD using Mann-Whitney test. Results A total of 112 subjects were enrolled in the study. ASMM and TrFM were positive (rs=0.517, p<0.001) and negative (rS=-0.22, p=0.02) correlated with BMD, respectively. FM were not correlated with BMD, rS=-0.113 (p=0.234). As indexes, ASMM/FM and ASMM/TrFM had positive correlation with BMD, rS=0.277 (p<0.001), and rS=0.391 (p<0.001), respectively. The ASMM, TrFM, and ASMM/TrFM ratio between normal and low BMD also significantly different (p<0.001), meanwhile FM were not (p=0.204).Conclusion ASMM and TrFM have a positive and negative correlation with BMD, respectively. ASMM/TrFM ratio as new sarcopenia-central obesity index has a positive correlation with BMD.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mallet ◽  
P. Decazes ◽  
R. Modzelewski ◽  
J. Lequesne ◽  
P. Vera ◽  
...  

AbstractLow skeletal muscle mass is a well-known prognostic factor for patients treated for a non-small-cell lung cancer by surgery or chemotherapy. However, its impact in patients treated by exclusive radiochemotherapy has never been explored. Our study tries to evaluate the prognostic value of low skeletal muscle mass and other antropometric parameters on this population. Clinical, nutritional and anthropometric date were collected for 93 patients treated by radiochemotherapy for a NSCLC. Anthropometric parameters were measured on the PET/CT by two methods. The first method was a manual segmentation at level L3, used to define Muscle Body Area (MBAL3), Visceral Fat Area (VFAL3) and Subcutaneous Fat Area (SCFAL3). The second method was an software (Anthropometer3D), allowing an automatic multislice measurement of Lean Body Mass (LBMAnthro3D), Fat Body Mass (FBMAnthro3D), Muscle Body Mass (MBMAnthro3D), Visceral Fat Mass (VFMAnthro3D), and Sub-Cutaneous Fat Mass (SCFMAnthro3D) on the PET/CT. All anthropometrics parameters were normalised by the patient's height. The primary end point was overall survival time. Univariate and then stepwise multivariate cox analysis were performed for significant parameters. Finally, Spearman's correlation between MBAL3 and MBMAnthro3D was assessed. Forty-one (44%) patients had low skeletal muscle mass. The median overall survival was 18 months for low skeletal muscle mass patients versus 36 months for non-low skeletal muscle mass patients (p = 0.019). Low skeletal muscle mass (HR = 1.806, IC95% [1.09–2.98]), serums albumin level < 35 g/l (HR = 2.203 [1.19–4.09]), Buzby Index < 97.5 (HR = 2.31 [1.23–4.33]), WHO score = 0 (HR = 0.59 [0.31–0.86] and MBMAnthro3D < 8.56 kg/m2 (HR = 2.36 [1.41–3.90]) were the only significant features in univariates analysis. In the stepwise multivariate Cox analysis, only MBMAnthro3D < 8.56 kg/m2 (HR = 2.16, p = 0.003) and WHO score = 0 (HR = 0.59, p = 0.04) were significant. Finally, muscle quantified by MBAL3 and MBMAnthro3D were found to be highly correlated (Spearman = 0.9). Low skeletal muscle mass, assessed on the pre-treatment PET/CT is a powerful prognostic factor in patient treated by radiochemotherapy for a NSCLC. The automatic software Anthropometer3D can easily identify patients a risk that could benefit an adapted therapy.


PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9992
Author(s):  
Petr Kutáč ◽  
David Zahradnik ◽  
Miroslav Krajcigr ◽  
Václav Bunc

Volleyball is an exceedingly popular physical activity in the adolescent population, especially with females. The study objective was to assess the effect of volleyball training and natural ontogenetic development on the somatic parameters of adolescent girls. The study was implemented in a group of 130 female volleyball players (aged 12.3 ± 0.5 – 18.1 ± 0.6 years) along with 283 females from the general population (aged 12.3 ± 0.5 – 18.2 ± 0.5 years). The measured parameters included: body height (cm), body mass (kg), body fat (kg, %), visceral fat (cm2), body water (l), fat free mass (kg) and skeletal muscle mass (kg, %). Starting at the age of 13, the volleyball players had significantly lower body fat ratio and visceral fat values than those in the general population (p < 0.001 in body fat % and p < 0.01 in visceral fat). In volleyball players, the mean body fat (%) values were 17.7 ± 6.6 in 12-year-old players, 16.7 ± 4.9 in 13-year-old players, 18.5 ± 3.9 in 16-year-old players, and 19.3 ± 3.1 in 18-year-old players. In the general population, the mean body fat (%) values were 19.6 ± 6.3 in 12-year-old girls, 21.7 ± 6.4 in 13-year-old girls, 23.4 ± 6.1 in 16-year-old girls, and 25.8 ± 7.0 in 18-year-old girls. The visceral fat (cm2) mean values were 36.4 ± 19.3 in 12-year-old players, 39.2 ± 16.3 in 13-year-old players, 45.7 ± 14.7 in 16-year-old players, and 47.2 ± 12.4 in 18-year-old players. In the general population, the mean visceral fat (cm2) values were 41.4 ± 21.1 in 12-year-old girls, 48.4 ± 21.5 in 13-year-old girls, 58.0 ± 24.7 in 16-year-old girls, and 69.1 ± 43.7 in 18-year-old girls. In volleyball players, lower body fat ratio corresponded with a higher skeletal muscle mass ratio. The differences found in skeletal muscle mass ratio were also significant starting at the age of 13 (p < 0.001). The mean skeletal muscle mass (%) values were 44.1 ± 3.4 in 12-year-old volleyball players, 45.4 ± 2.5 in 13-year-old players, 45.0 ± 2.2 in 16-year-old players, and 44.7 ± 1.8 in 18-year-old players. In the general population, the mean skeletal muscle mass (%) values were 42.8 ± 3.2 in 12-year-old girls, 42. ± 4.1 in 13-year-old girls, 41.9 ± 3.3 in 16-year-old girls, and 40.6 ± 3.7 in 18-year-old girls. Differences in body composition between the individual age groups were similar between the volleyball players and girls in the general population. The results indicate that regular volleyball training influences the body composition of young females however the development of body composition parameters is subject to their ontogenetic development.


2014 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Yamada ◽  
Yoko Moriguch ◽  
Takahiro Mitani ◽  
Tomoki Aoyama ◽  
Hidenori Arai

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e115407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Nyun Kim ◽  
Man Sik Park ◽  
Ja Young Ryu ◽  
Hae Yoon Choi ◽  
Ho Cheol Hong ◽  
...  

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