scholarly journals Vitamin D Status and Its Determinants in a Paediatric Population in Norway

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Mads N Holten-Andersen ◽  
Johanne Haugen ◽  
Ingvild Oma ◽  
Tor A Strand
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Recommendations for sufficient vitamin D intake in children were recently revised in Norway. However, optimal levels of vitamin D are still debated and knowledge on supplementation and vitamin D levels in healthy children in Norway is scarce. Therefore, we measured the plasma-concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in children and adolescents attending the outpatient paediatric clinics in Innlandet Hospital Trust, Norway during two consecutive years (2015–2017). We recruited 301 children and adolescents aged 5 months to 18 years (mean 7.8, SD 4.4 years) for the study and obtained sample material for 25(OH)D measurements from 295 (98%). Information on diet, vitamin D supplementation, sun exposure, ethnicity, parental education and general health was collected by questionnaire. 25(OH)D levels were analysed and determinants for 25(OH)D were estimated by linear regression. 1.0% of the children had deficient levels (25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L) and 21.0% had insufficient levels (25–50 nmol/L). 25(OH)D levels ranging from 50 to 75 nmol/L were found among 38.3%, while 39.7% had levels above 75 nmol/L. The mean 25(OH)D level was 70.0 nmol/L (SD 23.4, range 17–142 nmol/L) with a significant seasonal variation with lowest levels in mid-winter and highest in late summer. In addition to seasonal variation independent determinants for 25(OH)D-levels were age of the child, parental ethnicity, vitamin D supplementation and soda consumption. Along with parental ethnicity other than Nordic, age was the strongest determinant of 25(OH)D, with adolescents having the lowest levels.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status in Children in Greece and Its Relationship with Sunscreen Application

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Gavriela Maria Feketea ◽  
Ioana Corina Bocsan ◽  
Georgios Tsiros ◽  
Panagiota Voila ◽  
Luminita Aurelia Stanciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
25 Hydroxy Vitamin D ◽  
Low Serum

The aim of this study was to characterize the prevalence and seasonal variation of vitamin D (vit D) deficiency/insufficiency in healthy children and adolescents in Greece, and to explore its relationship with the use of sunscreens. The serum level of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured in 376 children and adolescents (184 males and 192 females) with a mean age of 7.6 ± 4.9 years, at different time points over a period of 13 months. The prevalence of low serum 25(OH)D level, including deficiency and insufficiency, was 66.2%. The lowest mean 25(OH)D was observed in the month of January (17.9 ± 6.8 ng/mL) and the highest in September, July, August, and October (34.6 ± 8.7, 33.0 ± 9.4, 30.1 ± 8.2, and 30.1 ± 10.6 ng/mL, respectively). Higher levels of serum 25(OH)D were detected in the children to whom sunscreens had been applied on the beach (p = 0.001) or off the beach (p < 0.001). The subjects with deficiency and insufficiency were significantly older than those with normal levels of 25(OH)D, but no significant differences were demonstrated according to gender. This study emphasizes the high prevalence of low serum levels of 25(OH)D and their seasonal variation in children living in a region characterized by many hours of sunshine. Our data suggest that the real-life use of sunscreens during the summer months allows sufficient sunlight to be received to enable production of vit D at a level adequate to maintain normal serum levels. Vit D supplements should be given to children during the months of lower sun exposure.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Levels in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: Cross-sectional Study / Níveis de Vitamina D em Crianças e Adolescentes com Paralisia Cerebral: Estudo Transversal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 11938-11949
Author(s):  
Marcela Almeida Linden ◽  
Elizete Aparecida Lomazi ◽  
Gabriel Hessel ◽  
Maria Ângela Bellomo-Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Aim: Tetraparetic Cerebral Palsy (TCP) patients may present risks factors for Vitamin D deficiency such as increased risk of malnutrition and possibly infrequent sun exposure. The present study aimed to compare the vitamin D status in this population of TCP pediatric patients (Case Group) and compare them with healthy children and adolescents (Control Group). Methods: The clinical data obtained were: gender, age, weight, height, nutritional status, consumption of vitamin D food sources, sun exposure and serum levels of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 20 ng/mL or less of 25(OH)D; “insufficiency” was defined as between 21-29 ng/mL; “sufficiency” was defined as between 30-100 ng/mL.1 Results: Sixty patients aged 3 to 20 years old were divided into two groups: the Control Group (n=30) and the Case Group (n=30) composed of individuals with TCP. Vitamin D levels did not differ between groups; the mean levels were 26.65 ng/mL (SD: 10.51) in the Case Group and, 28.93 ng/mL (SD: 9.26) in the Control Group. Conclusion: There was no difference identified between vitamin D levels among TCP and control patients, and no relationship between risk factors and serum 25(OH)D levels was observed. Even though Brazil is a tropical country with abundant sunshine during most of the year, there is still a considerable number of individuals with vitamin D classifications of insufficiency and deficiency in our study (N= 34/60). This should be alarming for healthcare professionals who work with the pediatric population, which is a population at risk for the development of disability.

scholarly journals Is there a benefit of vitamin D supplementation in deficient children and adolescents suffering from obesity? A meta-analysis

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Nassar ◽  
E K Emam ◽  
M F Allam
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Intramuscular Dose ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Lower Vitamin

Abstract Background and objectives Both childhood obesity and vitamin D deficiency are common in the Middle East. This systematic review/meta-analysis aims to highlight the effect of vitamin D supplementation in deficient children suffering from obesity. Methods Published clinical studies on vitamin D supplementation in obese children and adolescents with vitamin D deficiency were identified through a comprehensive MEDLINE/PubMed search (from July 1966 to November 2017). Outcomes intended after vitamin D supplementation were improvements in vitamin D status, BMI alterations and appetite changes. The inclusion criteria were children aged 2 to 18 years of both sexes in clinical trials that specified the oral and/or intramuscular dose of vitamin D supplementation. Results Ten studies were retrieved, but only six were relevant. First, supplemented obese children and adolescents were compared to non-obese controls; thereafter, supplemented obese children and adolescents were compared to matching obese peers given placebo. Pooled risks from the two studies that evaluated the number of obese and non-obese children and adolescents who improved upon vitamin D supplementation revealed that obesity poses a risk for not benefiting from the vitamin D supplementation regardless of the dose and the duration of supplementation. Pooled results from the six retrieved studies that compared supplemented obese children and adolescents to matching non-obese or obese peers given placebo revealed significantly lower vitamin D levels in obese participants than in non-obese peers. Conclusion Vitamin D levels are significantly lower in obese children and adolescents with obesity, posing a risk for not benefiting from vitamin D supplementation regardless of the dose and duration of supplementation. Our results suggest that only with simultaneous weight adjustment strategies, vitamin D sufficiency would be achieved more effectively. Vitamin D supplementation in deficient children suffering from obesity.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels in serum at the onset of multiple sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Soilu-Hänninen ◽  
L Airas ◽  
I Mononen ◽  
A Heikkilä ◽  
M Viljanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Lower Vitamin

Past sun exposure and vitamin D supplementation have been associated with a reduction in the risk of MS. We measured the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) at the time of MS diagnosis in 40 MS patients and 40 controls. We found no difference in the serum levels of 25(OH)D between MS patients and controls when all samples or samples obtained during winter months were compared, but MS patients had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations in June to September than the controls. The vitamin D stores were adequate for bone metabolism (> 37 nmol/L) in 70% of MS patients throughout the year and within the hypovitaminosis level (< 37 nmol/L) in 30% of MS patients at some time of the year. During MS-relapses, 25(OH)D levels were lower than in remission, but mostly within the reference range observed in relation with normal bone metabolism. We conclude that the vitamin D stores in most MS patients are adequate for their normal bone metabolism. However, lower vitamin D levels during MS relapses than in remission suggest that vitamin D could be involved in the regulation of the clinical disease activity of MS. The optimal serum levels of vitamin D for the regulation of immune responses remain to be determined.

scholarly journals Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with autism

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052093463
Author(s):  
Esma Şengenç ◽  
Ertuğrul Kıykım ◽  
Sema Saltik
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus

Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and vitamin D levels in children and adolescents. Methods We measured serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels in 1529 patients with ASD aged 3 to 18 years, without any additional chronic diseases. Levels of 25-OHD were compared according to sex, age (<11 or ≥11 years), and birth season. Additionally, laboratory parameters (calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and 25-OHD) of 100 selected patients with ASD were compared with those of the healthy control group. Results Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was found in approximately 95% of all patients. Levels of 25-OHD in adolescent patients with ASD aged 11 to 18 years were significantly lower than those in patients aged younger than 11 years. In the 100 selected patients with ASD, mean serum 25-OHD levels were significantly lower and alkaline phosphatase levels were higher compared with those in healthy children. Conclusion Our study suggests a relationship between vitamin D and ASD in children. Monitoring vitamin D levels is crucial in autistic children, especially adolescents, to take protective measures and treat this condition early.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency in Children and Adolescents: Role of Puberty and Obesity on Vitamin D Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117863882110187
Author(s):  
Hedyeh Saneifard ◽  
Marjan Shakiba ◽  
Ali Sheikhy ◽  
Leila Baniadam ◽  
Fatemeh Abdollah Gorji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Tanner Stage ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is common among children and adolescents and can be affected by several factors such as puberty and obesity. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate vitamin D status in children and adolescents and to analyse the influence of puberty and obesity on its level. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried-out, in which clinical and biochemical data were gathered from 384 healthy children and adolescents between May 2019 to May 2020. Results: 220 females and 164 males were enrolled (aged 7-16 years; mean ± SD: 11 ± 2.5). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 49% of the total cases and was significantly more prevalent in females than males (33.1% in female; 15.9% in male, P < .001). Mean vitamin D level was lower in obese children compared with non-obese ( P < .001). Non-obese group had significantly higher levels of vitamin D in Tanner stage IV of puberty than obese individuals (20.1 ± 17.0 vs 5.4 ± 2.0) ( P = .03). Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in females than males only in Tanner stage II (12.3 ± 9.0 vs 19.6 ± 16.6) ( P = .005). The lowest level of Vitamin D was in Tanner stage Ⅳ-Ⅴ in boys and in Tanner stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ in girls ( P < .001). Conclusion: Puberty is an additional risk factor for vitamin D deficiency especially in girls and obese children. This increased risk, together with the fact that most important time for building a proper skeleton is during childhood and adolescent, makes it essential to monitor vitamin D in these age groups.

scholarly journals Vitamin D in Gambian children with discordant tuberculosis (TB) infection status despite matched TB exposure: a case control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Stockdale ◽  
Basil Sambou ◽  
Muhamed Sissoko ◽  
Uzochukwu Egere ◽  
Abdou K. Sillah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Large Phase

AbstractUsing a matched case control design conducted at MRC Gambia in 2015, we measured vitamin D levels in pairs of asymptomatic children with discordant tuberculin skin test status despite the same sleeping proximity to the same adult TB index case. Median ages of groups (infected; 10.0 years, uninfected 8.8 years) were not significantly different (p = 0.13). Mean vitamin D levels were 2.05 ng/mL (95% CI − 0.288 to 4.38) higher in 24 highly TB-exposed uninfected children compared with 24 matched highly TB-exposed infected children (p = 0.08). The findings warrant further investigation in larger studies to understand the implications and significance. Conclusion: Vitamin D levels were higher in TB-uninfected children compared with TB-infected despite equal high exposure to a TB case. What is Known:• Paediatrics TB represents one of the leading causes of child death globally.• Current literature shows an inconsistent relationship between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of TB disease however a large Phase 3 trial of vitamin D supplementation in (largely vitamin D deficient) Mongolian children did not find any association with TB infection rates. What is New:• This study adds to the literature in a vitamin D sufficient paediatric population whereby children with equal exposure to a household TB case with no evidence of TB infection have higher levels of vitamin D compared with matched children with TB infection.

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