scholarly journals Home Cooking Is Related to Potential Reduction in Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Adolescents: Results from the A-CHILD Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3845
Author(s):  
Yukako Tani ◽  
Takeo Fujiwara ◽  
Aya Isumi ◽  
Satomi Doi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
School Students ◽  
Japanese Adolescents ◽  
Home Cooking

This study aimed to investigate the association between the frequency of home cooking and cardiovascular disease risk among Japanese adolescents. We used cross-sectional data on adolescents from the 2018 Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty study, which targeted junior high school students aged 13–14 years in Adachi, Tokyo, Japan. Frequency of home cooking by 553 caregivers was assessed via questionnaire and classified as high (almost daily), medium (4–5 days/week), or low (≤3 days/week). Cardiovascular disease risk factors included blood pressure, serum cholesterol (total, LDL, and HDL), hemoglobin A1c, and body mass index. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that adolescents exposed to a low frequency of home cooking showed higher diastolic blood pressure (β = 3.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42 to 6.75) and lower HDL cholesterol (β = −6.15, 95% CI: −11.2 to −1.07) than those exposed to a high frequency of home cooking, adjusting for adolescents’ sex, household income, and parental comorbidity. Future studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship and mechanisms through which home cooking influences adolescents’ cardiovascular health.

scholarly journals Adherence to the Japanese Food Guide: The Association between Three Scoring Systems and Cardiometabolic Risks in Japanese Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Masayuki Okuda ◽  
Aya Fujiwara ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
School Students ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Japanese Adolescents ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risks

The Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFGST) indicates optimal intake of five food groups (grain, fish and meat, vegetables, milk, and fruits) and sugar and confectionaries. We aimed to investigate whether adherence to the JFGST in 8th grade junior high school students (n = 3162) was associated with cardiometabolic risks and how different scorings of the JFGST influenced the associations. Metabolic risks were assessed from anthropometrics, blood pressure measurements, and blood glucose and lipid profile measurements. Three types of scoring adherent to the JFGST were analyzed (10 points were given for each item with optimal intake; range: 0–60): the original scoring (ORG scoring); first modified scoring, which had no upper limits for vegetables and fruits (MOD1 scoring); and MOD2 scoring without upper limits for five dishes (MOD2 scoring). The MOD2 scoring was positively associated with dietary fiber, potassium, calcium, and vitamins. All types of scorings were associated with low glucose levels (p ≤ 0.001); the MOD2 scoring was associated with low systolic blood pressure (p = 0.001) and low cardiometabolic risk (p = 0.003). Our findings suggest that Japanese adolescents adherent to the JFGST had low cardiometabolic risks and should not fall below lower limits for intake of the abovementioned five food groups.

scholarly journals Age modification of ozone associations with cardiovascular disease risk in adults: a potential role for soluble P-selectin and blood pressure

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 4643-4652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew B. Day ◽  
Merlise A. Clyde ◽  
Jianbang Xiang ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Xiaoxing Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Soluble P

scholarly journals Vitamin D Receptor Activation Mitigates the Impact of Uremia on Endothelial Function in the 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ruth Wu-Wong ◽  
William Noonan ◽  
Masaki Nakane ◽  
Kristin A. Brooks ◽  
Jason A. Segreti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
The Impact

Endothelial dysfunction increases cardiovascular disease risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study investigates whether VDR activation affects endothelial function in CKD. The 5/6 nephrectomized (NX) rats with experimental chronic renal insufficiency were treated with or without paricalcitol, a VDR activator. Thoracic aortic rings were precontracted with phenylephrine and then treated with acetylcholine or sodium nitroprusside. Uremia significantly affected aortic relaxation (% in NX rats versus % in SHAM at 30 M acetylcholine). The endothelial-dependent relaxation was improved to –%, –%, and –% in NX rats treated with paricalcitol at 0.021, 0.042, and 0.083 g/kg for two weeks, respectively, while paricalcitol at 0.042 g/kg did not affect blood pressure and heart rate. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) suppression alone did not improve endothelial function since cinacalcet suppressed PTH without affecting endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation. N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester completely abolished the effect of paricalcitol on improving endothelial function. These results demonstrate that VDR activation improves endothelial function in CKD.

scholarly journals Left Ventricular Mass Index Is Associated With Cognitive Function in Middle-Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander C. Razavi, ◽  
Camilo Fernandez ◽  
Jiang He ◽  
Tanika N. Kelly ◽  
Marie Krousel-Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Lv Remodeling

Background: Elevated cardiovascular disease risk factor burden is a recognized contributor to poorer cognitive function; however, the physiological mechanisms underlying this association are not well understood. We sought to assess the potential mediation effect of left ventricular (LV) remodeling on the association between lifetime systolic blood pressure and cognitive function in a community-based cohort of middle-aged adults. Methods: Nine hundred sixty participants of the Bogalusa Heart Study (59.2% women, 33.8% black, aged 48.4±5.1 years) received 2-dimensional echocardiography to quantify relative wall thickness, LV mass, and diastolic and systolic LV function; and a standardized neurocognitive battery to assess memory, executive functioning, and language processing. Multivariable linear regression assessed the association of cardiac structure and function with a global composite cognitive function score, adjusting for traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. Mediation analysis assessed the effect of LV mass index on the association between lifetime systolic blood pressure burden and cognitive function. Results: There were 233 (24.3%) and 136 (14.2%) individuals with concentric LV remodeling and concentric LV hypertrophy, respectively. Each g/m 2.7 increment in LV mass index was associated with a 0.03 standardized unit decrement in global cognitive function ( P =0.03). Individuals with concentric LV remodeling and isolated diastolic dysfunction had the poorest cognitive function, and a greater ratio between early mitral inflow velocity and early diastolic mitral annular velocity (E/e’) was associated with poorer cognitive function, even after adjustment for LV mass index (B=−0.12; P =0.03). A total of 18.8% of the association between lifetime systolic blood pressure burden and midlife cognitive function was accounted for by LV mass index. Conclusions: Cardiac remodeling partially mediates the association between lifespan systolic blood pressure burden and adult cognition in individuals without dementia or clinical cardiovascular disease. Slowing or reversing the progression of cardiac remodeling in middle-age may be a novel therapeutic approach to prevent cognitive decline.

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