scholarly journals Size and Number of Food Boluses in the Stomach after Eating Different Meals: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Insights in Healthy Humans

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3626
Author(s):  
Hannah Hornby ◽  
Mar Collado-González ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Nichola Abrehart ◽  
Meshari Alshammari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
First Time

Oral processing of food results in the formation of food boluses, which are then swallowed and reach the stomach for further digestion. The number, size and surface properties of the boluses will affect their processing and emptying from the stomach. Knowledge of these parameters, however, is incomplete due to limitations of the techniques used. In this work, non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used for the first time to measure boluses in the stomach a few minutes after swallowing. Three groups of nine healthy participants were fed three different meals: chicken and roasted vegetables (Meal 1), bread and jam (Meal 2) and cheese and yogurt (Meal 3), and then, their stomach content was imaged. The median number of boluses within the stomach was 282, 106 and 9 for Meal 1, Meal 2 and Meal 3 (p < 0.0001) with an average volume of 0.47 mL, 2.4 mL and 13.6 mL, respectively (p < 0.0001). The cohesiveness as well as the meal composition seem to play a key role in the resulting boluses. These new in vivo data from undisturbed organ imaging can improve knowledge of the digestion process, which will, in turn, inform in vitro and in silico modelling of digestion, thus improving their in vitro/in vivo relevance.

scholarly journals Non-invasive diagnostics in fossils - Magnetic Resonance Imaging of pathological belemnites

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mietchen ◽  
H. Keupp ◽  
B. Manz ◽  
F. Volke
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Invasive Diagnostics

Abstract. For more than a decade, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been routinely employed in clinical diagnostics because it allows non-invasive studies of anatomical structures and physiological processes in vivo and to differentiate between healthy and pathological states, particularly of soft tissue. Here, we demonstrate that MRI can likewise be applied to fossilized biological samples and help in elucidating paleopathological and paleoecological questions: Five anomalous guards of Jurassic and Cretaceous belemnites are presented along with putative paleopathological diagnoses directly derived from 3D MR images with microscopic resolution. Syn vivo deformities of both the mineralized internal rostrum and the surrounding former soft tissue can be traced back in part to traumatic events of predator-prey-interactions, and partly to parasitism. Besides, evidence is presented that the frequently observed anomalous apical collar might be indicative of an inflammatory disease. These findings highlight the potential of Magnetic Resonance techniques for further paleontological applications.

Multi-functional NaErF4:Yb nanorods: enhanced red upconversion emission, in vitro cell, in vivo X-ray, and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging

Nanoscale ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 2855-2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibo Wang ◽  
Wei Lu ◽  
Tianmei Zeng ◽  
Zhigao Yi ◽  
Ling Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Upconversion Emission ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
New Type ◽  
First Time

A new type of multi-functional NaErF4 nanoprobe with enhanced red upconversion emission was developed and used for in vitro cell, in vivo X-ray and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the first time.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detection of GFP through magnetization transfer contrast (MTC)

NeuroImage ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos J. Pérez-Torres ◽  
Cynthia A. Massaad ◽  
Susan G. Hilsenbeck ◽  
Faridis Serrano ◽  
Robia G. Pautler
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetization Transfer ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetization Transfer Contrast ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging for non-invasive clinical evaluation of normal and regenerated cartilage

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Xu ◽  
Jingming Gao ◽  
Shuyun Liu ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Mri Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Biomaterial Scaffold ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract With the development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, it is much desired to establish bioimaging techniques to monitor the real-time regeneration efficacy in vivo in a non-invasive way. Herein, we tried magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate knee cartilage regeneration after implanting a biomaterial scaffold seeded with chondrocytes, namely, matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI). After summary of the T2 mapping and the T1-related delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) in vitro and in vivo in the literature, these two MRI techniques were tried clinically. In this study, 18 patients were followed up for 1 year. It was found that there was a significant difference between the regeneration site and the neighboring normal site (control), and the difference gradually diminished with regeneration time up to 1 year according to both the quantitative T1 and T2 MRI methods. We further established the correlation between the quantitative evaluation of MRI and the clinical Lysholm scores for the first time. Hence, the MRI technique was confirmed to be a feasible semi-quantitative yet non-invasive way to evaluate the in vivo regeneration of knee articular cartilage.

scholarly journals Nanomolar small-molecule detection using a genetically encoded129Xe NMR contrast agent

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 7631-7636 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Roose ◽  
S. D. Zemerov ◽  
I. J. Dmochowski
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mri Contrast Agents ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Contrast ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Small Molecule Detection ◽  
Nmr Contrast Agent

Genetically encoded magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents enable non-invasive detection of specific biomarkersin vivo.

Gadolinium(III)-based Polymeric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Agents for Tumor Imaging

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (25) ◽  
pp. 2910-2937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangyue Zu ◽  
Ye Kuang ◽  
Jingjin Dong ◽  
Yi Cao ◽  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Contrast agents (CAs) are widely used to improve the signal-noise ratio in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. The majority of MRI CAs used in clinic are gadolinium( III) (Gd(III)) chelates with low molecular weight. Compared with these small-molecule CAs, Gd(III)-based polymeric magnetic resonance imaging agents (i.e. macromolecular contrast agents, mCAs), prepared by conjugating small-molecule Gd(III) chelates onto macromolecules, possess high relaxivity and relative long blood circulation time, which are favorable for MRI examinations. In last decades, increasing attention was paid to the design of mCAs with various structures, and further evaluation of the MRI performance both in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we focus on the recent progress of mCAs, including structures, properties and applications. Meanwhile, this review also highlights the emerging MRI mCAs with smart response and multi-function: tumor microenvironment- stimulated MRI, multi-mode imaging and MRI-based theranostics.

scholarly journals Imaging and Characterization of Sustained Gadolinium Nanoparticle Release from Next Generation Radiotherapy Biomaterial

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2249
Author(s):  
Romy Mueller ◽  
Michele Moreau ◽  
Sayeda Yasmin-Karim ◽  
Andrea Protti ◽  
Olivier Tillement ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Contrast ◽  
Image Guided Radiotherapy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Smart radiotherapy biomaterials (SRBs) present a new opportunity to enhance image-guided radiotherapy while replacing routinely used inert radiotherapy biomaterials like fiducials. In this study the potential of SRBs loaded with gadolinium-based nanoparticles (GdNPs) is investigated for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast. GdNP release from SRB is quantified and modelled for accurate prediction. SRBs were manufactured similar to fiducials, with a cylindrical shell consisting of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) and a core loaded with GdNPs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast was investigated at 7T in vitro (in agar) and in vivo in subcutaneous tumors grown with the LLC1 lung cancer cell line in C57/BL6 mice. GdNPs were quantified in-phantom and in tumor and their release was modelled by the Weibull distribution. Gd concentration was linearly fitted to the R1 relaxation rate with a detection limit of 0.004 mmol/L and high confidence level (R2 = 0.9843). GdNP loaded SRBs in tumor were clearly visible up to at least 14 days post-implantation. Signal decrease during this time showed GdNP release in vivo, which was calculated as 3.86 ± 0.34 µg GdNPs release into the tumor. This study demonstrates potential and feasibility for SRBs with MRI-contrast, and sensitive GdNP quantification and release from SRBs in a preclinical animal model. The feasibility of monitoring nanoparticle (NP) concentration during treatment, allowing dynamic quantitative treatment planning, is also discussed.

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