scholarly journals Risk of Developing Metabolic Syndrome Is Affected by Length of Daily Siesta: Results from a Prospective Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4182
Author(s):  
Anne Katherine Gribble ◽  
Carmen Sayón-Orea ◽  
Maira Bes-Rastrollo ◽  
Stefanos N. Kales ◽  
Ryutaro Shirahama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Mediterranean Population ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Siesta has been associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease but the mechanism remains unclear. New studies into the relationship between siesta and metabolic syndrome have identified siesta length as a crucial differential, suggesting that siesta less than 40 min is associated with decreased risk of metabolic syndrome, while longer siesta is associated with increased risk. We aimed to investigate the effect of siesta duration on development of metabolic syndrome in a Mediterranean population using a prospective cohort study design. Methods: Our sample consisted of 9161 participants of the SUN cohort without components of metabolic syndrome at baseline. Siesta exposure was assessed at baseline and the development of metabolic syndrome components was assessed after an average 6.8 years of follow-up. We estimated odds ratios and fitted logistic regression models to adjust for potential cofounders including night-time sleep duration and quality, as well as other diet, health, and lifestyle factors. Results: We observed a positive association between average daily siesta >30 min and development of metabolic syndrome (aOR = 1.39 CI: 1.03–1.88). We found no significant difference in risk of developing metabolic syndrome between the group averaging ≤30 min of daily siesta and the group not taking siesta (aOR = 1.07 CI: 0.83–1.37). Further analysis suggested that average daily siesta <15 min may reduce risk of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: Our study supports the J-curve model of the association between siesta and risk of metabolic syndrome, but suggests the protective effect is limited to a shorter range of siesta length than previously proposed.

scholarly journals Epidemiological correlates with communicable viral co-infections of hepatitis B and hepatitis C and non-communicable diabetes among HIV ART naïve rural patients of Kanchipuram district: a prospective cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 3283
Author(s):  
A. Kasthuri ◽  
K. Mohana Krishnan ◽  
S. K. Amsavathani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes

Background: The objectives of the study were to study the epidemiological correlates of ART Naïve HIV cases; to study the incidence of co–infections among them; to find the incidence of onset of diabetes among them. Concomitant infection of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus viruses leads to higher frequency of carrier state and severe manifestations of the disease in HIV patients. There is general agreement that the traditional risk factors for DM (increasing age, minority race, obesity) are still responsible for most of the increased risk in the HIV infected population.Methods: This study was designed as a prospective cohort study and was done at the Meenakshi Medical College & Research institute, an academic and Tertiary medical centre in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, South India. The study duration was from June 2004 to June 2010. SPSS 13 was used in the calculation of chi-square and percentages.Results: Among 207 participants, mean age is 36.04 and the SD is 10.895. There is significant difference between the incidence of viral co-infections like hepatitis B and hepatitis C (p<0.001). There is significant difference between the incidence of onset of diabetes (p<0.001). The HbsAg and HCV co infection was comparatively lower than the urban population. Among the 50 HIV reactive, non diabetic patients without risk factors, only one found to be Diabetic and another found to be Pre diabetic after 6 months follow-up.Conclusions: The cost of treatment escalates, when PLHA is co-infected either with viral infections or diabetes, and also their quality of life becomes poor. So, monitoring of CD4 and CD8 should be done as a routine and screening and early treatment should be made mandatory. 

Urinary bisphenol A and incidence of metabolic syndrome among Chinese men: a prospective cohort study from 2013 to 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 758-764
Author(s):  
Suyang Wu ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Shaoyou Lu ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
Wenbo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Level

ObjectivesExperimental studies suggested that bisphenol A (BPA) exposure increased the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) through the mechanism of insulin resistance. All previous epidemiological studies of BPA and MetS were cross-sectional studies, and their findings were mixed. This study aims to provide further evidence on the association between urinary BPA and risk of MetS using a prospective cohort study in China.MethodsThe study population was from the Shenzhen Night shift workers’ cohort. A total of 1227 male workers were recruited from the baseline survey in 2013 and then followed until 2017. Modified Adult Treatment Panel III criteria were used to identify the cases of MetS. Urinary BPA concentration was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, and it was categorised into three subgroups by tertiles to obtain the adjusted HR (aHR) and 95% CI using Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsDuring 4 years of follow-up, 200 subjects developed MetS. Compared with the lowest urinary BPA subgroup, a weakly increased risk of MetS was suggested among those with the middle (aHR=1.19, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.63) and high level of urinary BPA (aHR=1.16, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.59); however, the significant association with MetS was restricted primarily to the smokers, showing a positive gradient with urinary BPA (middle level: aHR=2.40, 95% CI 1.13 to 5.08; high level: aHR=2.87, 95% CI 1.38 to 5.98; p trend=0.010).ConclusionThis prospective cohort study provided further evidence that exposure to BPA may increase the risk of MetS, and this association was further positively modified by cigarette smoking.

scholarly journals Red Blood Cells in The First Trimester and The Risk of Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajing Jia ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Minjin Zhang ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
Yequn Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background: This research aimed to assess the potential association of gestational diabetes (GDM) with early trimester hematological parameters including hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), and platelet count (PLT) through a prospective cohort study.Methods: The prospective cohort included pregnant women subjected to prenatal examination at Shantou and Beijing hospitals in China from March 2014 to December 2015. Data were collected since the first perinatal visit in obstetrics clinics, and then participants were followed up at 24, 32, 36 gestational weeks and the time of delivery, respectively. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models were conducted to estimate odds ratio (OR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI).Results: A total of 1004 pregnant women with singletons, less than 12 gestational weeks, and without history of chronic disease were eligible for analysis. The incidence of GDM was 18.82%, and the mean age was 29.50 ± 3.84 years. Total of 187 (18.63%) women who had abnormal RBC level and 222 (22.11%) had abnormal Hb in the first trimester of pregnancy. After multivariable adjustment, each unit increment in numeric RBC or Hb was associated with 177% and 4% increased risk for GDM. The risk for GDM was significantly increased with higher RBC (OR: 2.00 for RBC>4.55×1012 /L) and Hb (OR: 2.14 for Hb>139 g/L) levels in the first trimester.Conclusions: Elevated RBC and Hb in the first trimester are associated with increasing risk of GDM. Further evidence are warranted to confirm these possible causal relationships.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome Biomarkers of World Trade Center Airway Hyperreactivity: A 16-Year Prospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Kwon ◽  
George Crowley ◽  
Mena Mikhail ◽  
Rachel Lam ◽  
Emily Clementi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Airway Hyperreactivity ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Trade Center

Airway hyperreactivity (AHR) related to environmental exposure is a significant public health risk worldwide. Similarly, metabolic syndrome (MetSyn), a risk factor for obstructive airway disease (OAD) and systemic inflammation, is a significant contributor to global adverse health. This prospective cohort study followed N = 7486 World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed male firefighters from 11 September 2001 (9/11) until 1 August 2017 and investigated N = 539 with newly developed AHR for clinical biomarkers of MetSyn and compared them to the non-AHR group. Male firefighters with normal lung function and no AHR pre-9/11 who had blood drawn from 9 September 2001–24 July 2002 were assessed. World Trade Center-Airway Hyperreactivity (WTC-AHR) was defined as either a positive bronchodilator response (BDR) or methacholine challenge test (MCT). The electronic medical record (EMR) was queried for their MetSyn characteristics (lipid profile, body mass index (BMI), glucose), and routine clinical biomarkers (such as complete blood counts). We modeled the association of MetSyn characteristics at the first post-9/11 exam with AHR. Those with AHR were significantly more likely to be older, have higher BMIs, have high intensity exposure, and have MetSyn. Smoking history was not associated with WTC-AHR. Those present on the morning of 9/11 had 224% increased risk of developing AHR, and those who arrived in the afternoon of 9/11 had a 75.9% increased risk. Having ≥3 MetSyn parameters increased the risk of WTC-AHR by 65.4%. Co-existing MetSyn and high WTC exposure are predictive of future AHR and suggest that systemic inflammation may be a contributor.

scholarly journals Clinical and Epidemiological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection among pregnant and postpartum women in Mozambique: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M'poca Charles ◽  
Nafissa Bique Osman ◽  
Domingos Arijama ◽  
Benjamim Matingane ◽  
Tomás Sitoé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
P Value ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Obstetric Population

Abstract Background Although there is a significant increase of evidence regarding the prevalence and impact of COVID-19 on maternal and perinatal outcomes, data on the effects of the pandemic on the obstetric population in sub-Saharan African countries are still scarce. Therefore, the study aims were to assess the prevalence and impact of COVID-19 on maternal and neonatal outcomes in the obstetric population at Central Hospital of Maputo (HCM), Mozambique. Methods Prospective cohort study conducted at teaching and referral maternity, HCM, from 20 October 2020 to 22 July 2021. We collected maternal and perinatal outcomes up to six weeks postpartum of eligible women (pregnant and postpartum women - up to the 14th day postpartum) screened for COVID-19 (individual test for symptomatic participants and pool testing for asymptomatic). The primary outcome was maternal death, SARS and UCI admission. We estimated the COVID-19 prevalence and the unadjusted RR (95% CI) for maternal and perinatal outcomes. We used the chi-square or Fisher's exact test to compare qualitative variables (two-sided p-value < 0.05 for statistical significance). Results We included 239 participants. The overall prevalence of COVID-19 was 9.2% (22/239) and in the symptomatic group was 32.4 % (11/34). About 48% of the participants with COVID-19 were asymptomatic. Moreover, the most frequent symptoms were dyspnoea (33.3%), cough (28.6%), anosmia (23.8%), and fever (19%). Not having a partner, being pregnant, and consuming alcohol were vulnerability factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 among pregnant and postpartum women was associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal outcome, foetal death (RR = 4.0 [1.19–13.48]) and abortion/stillbirth 12.0 [7.7–18.7]). Conversely, we did not observe a significant difference in the primary outcomes between exposed and non-exposed groups. Conclusion The prevalence of COVID-19 in the obstetric population is higher than in the general population, and most pregnant and postpartum women with COVID-19 infection are asymptomatic. Being pregnant, not having a partner and alcohol consumption were factors of greatest vulnerability to SARS-COV-2 infection. Data suggest that pregnant women with COVID-19 may have a higher risk of adverse gestational outcomes, reinforcing the need for universal testing and monitoring of this population group. However, more prospective and robust studies are needed to assess these outcomes.

scholarly journals Dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Farhadnejad ◽  
Karim Parastouei ◽  
Hosein Rostami ◽  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

Abstract Background In the current study, we aimed to investigate the association of dietary inflammation scores (DIS) and lifestyle inflammation scores (LIS) with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a prospective population-based study. Methods A total of 1625 participants without MetS were recruited from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study(2006–2008) and followed a mean of 6.1 years. Dietary data of subjects were collected using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline to determine LIS and DIS. Multivariable logistic regression models, were used to calculate the odds ratio (ORs) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) of MetS across tertiles of DIS and LIS. Results Mean ± SD age of individuals (45.8 % men) was 37.5 ± 13.4 years. Median (25–75 interquartile range) DIS and LIS for all participants was 0.80 (− 2.94, 3.64) and 0.48 (− 0.18, − 0.89), respectively. During the study follow-up, 291 (17.9 %) new cases of MetS were identified. Based on the age and sex-adjusted model, a positive association was found between LIS (OR = 7.56; 95% CI 5.10–11.22, P for trend < 0.001) and risk of MetS, however, the association of DIS and risk of MetS development was not statistically significant (OR = 1.30;95% CI 0.93–1.80, P for trend = 0.127). In the multivariable model, after adjustment for confounding variables, including age, sex, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, and energy intake, the risk of MetS is increased across tertiles of DIS (OR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.09–2.33, P for trend = 0.015) and LIS(OR = 8.38; 95% CI 5.51–12.7, P for trend < 0.001). Conclusions The findings of the current study showed that greater adherence to LIS and DIS, determined to indicate the inflammatory potential of diet and lifestyle, are associated with increased the risk of MetS.

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