scholarly journals Behaviour Change Techniques in Weight Gain Prevention Interventions in Adults of Reproductive Age: Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Mamaru Ayenew Awoke ◽  
Cheryce L. Harrison ◽  
Julie Martin ◽  
Marie L. Misso ◽  
Siew Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Weight Gain Prevention ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Meta Regression

Weight gain prevention interventions are likely to be more effective with the inclusion of behaviour change techniques. However, evidence on which behaviour change techniques (BCT) are most effective for preventing weight gain and improving lifestyle (diet and physical activity) is limited, especially in reproductive-aged adults. This meta-analysis and meta-regression aimed to identify BCT associated with changes in weight, energy intake and physical activity in reproductive-aged adults. BCT were identified using the BCT Taxonomy (v1) from each intervention. Meta-regression analyses were used to identify BCT associated with change in weight, energy intake and physical activity. Thirty-four articles were included with twenty-nine articles for the meta-analysis. Forty-three of the ninety-three possible BCT listed in the taxonomy were identified in the included studies. Feedback on behaviour and Graded tasks were significantly associated with less weight gain, and Review behaviour goals was significantly associated with lower energy intake. No individual BCT were significantly associated with physical activity. Our analysis provides further evidence for which BCT are most effective in weight gain prevention interventions. The findings support that the use of key BCT within interventions can contribute to successful weight gain prevention in adults of reproductive age.

scholarly journals Interactive voice response interventions targeting behaviour change: a systematic literature review with meta-analysis and meta-regression

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e018974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stergiani Tsoli ◽  
Stephen Sutton ◽  
Aikaterini Kassavou
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Interactive Voice Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Specific Health

ObjectiveA number of promising automated behaviour change interventions have been developed using advanced phone technology. This paper reviewed the effectiveness of interactive voice response (IVR)-based interventions designed to promote changes in specific health behaviours.MethodsA systematic literature review of papers published between January 1990 and September 2017 in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, SCOPUS and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) was conducted. From the total of 2546 papers identified, 15 randomised control trials (RCTs) met the eligibility criteria and were included in a random effects meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was used to explore whether behaviour change techniques (BCTs) that were used in the interventions were associated with intervention effectiveness.ResultsMeta-analysis of 15 RCTs showed that IVR-based interventions had small but significant effects on promoting medication adherence (OR=1.527, 95% CI 1.207 to 1.932, k=9, p=0.000) and physical activity (Hedges’ g=0.254, 95% CI 0.068 to 0.439, k=3, p=0.007). No effects were found for alcohol (Hedges’ g=−0.077, 95% CI −0.162 to 0.007, k=4, p=0.073) or diet (Hedges’ g=0.130, 95% CI −0.088 to 0.347, k=2, p=0.242). In the medication adherence studies, multivariable meta-regression including six BCTs explained 100% of the observed variance in effect size, but only the BCT ‘information about health consequences’ was significantly associated with effect size (β=0.690, SE=0.199, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.08, p=0.000).ConclusionIVR-based interventions appear promising in changing specific health behaviours, such as medication adherence and physical activity. However, more studies are needed to elucidate further the combination of active components of IVR interventions that make them effective and test their feasibility and effectiveness using robust designs and objective outcome measures.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the behaviour change techniques and digital features in technology-driven type 2 diabetes prevention interventions

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205520762091442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Van Rhoon ◽  
Molly Byrne ◽  
Eimear Morrissey ◽  
Jane Murphy ◽  
Jenny McSharry
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
Clinically Significant

Objectives Our aim was to conduct a systematic review to determine which technology-driven diabetes prevention interventions were effective in producing clinically significant weight loss, and to identify the behaviour change techniques and digital features frequently used in effective interventions. Methods We searched five databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and Pubmed) from inception to September 2018 and reviewed 19 experimental and non-experimental studies of 21 technology-driven diet plus physical activity interventions for adults (≥18 years) at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Behaviour change techniques were coded using the BCT taxonomy v1, and digital features were identified via thematic analysis of intervention descriptions. Results Sixty-three per cent of interventions were effective in the short term (achieving ≥3% weight loss at ≤6 months), using an average of 5.6 more behaviour change techniques than non-effective interventions, and 33% were effective in the long term (achieving ≥5% weight loss at ≥12 months), using 3.7 more behaviour change techniques than non-effective interventions. The techniques of social support (unspecified), goal setting (outcome/behaviour), feedback on behaviour, and self-monitoring of outcome(s) of behaviour were identified in over 90% of effective interventions. Interventions containing digital features that facilitated health and lifestyle education, behaviour/outcome tracking, and/or online health coaching were most effective. Conclusion The integration of specific behaviour change techniques and digital features may optimise digital diabetes prevention interventions to achieve clinically significant weight loss. Additional research is needed to identify the mechanisms in which behaviour change techniques and digital features directly influence physical activity, dietary behaviours, and intervention engagement.

scholarly journals The Relationship of Diet and Physical Activity with Weight Gain and Weight Gain Prevention in Women of Reproductive Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2485
Author(s):  
Mamaru Ayenew Awoke ◽  
Helen Skouteris ◽  
Maureen Makama ◽  
Cheryce L. Harrison ◽  
Thomas Philip Wycherley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Weight Gain Prevention ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Reproductive Life

Reproductive-age women often see increased weight gain, which carries an increased risk of long-term overweight and obesity and adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Supporting women to achieve optimal weight through lifestyle modification (diet and physical activity) is of critical importance to reduce weight gain across key reproductive life-stages (preconception, pregnancy and postpartum). This review comprehensively summarizes the current state of knowledge on the contribution of diet and physical activity to weight gain and weight gain prevention in reproductive-aged women. Suboptimal diets including a higher proportion of discretionary choices or energy intake from fats, added sugars, sweets or processed foods are associated with higher weight gain, whereas increased consumption of core foods including fruits, vegetables and whole grains and engaging in regular physical activity are associated with reduced weight gain in reproductive age women. Diet and physical activity contributing to excessive gestational weight gain are well documented. However, there is limited research assessing diet and physical activity components associated with weight gain during the preconception and postpartum period. This review highlights the need for further research to identify key dietary and physical activity components targeting the critical windows of reproductive life-stages in women to best guide interventions to prevent weight gain.

scholarly journals One small step for man, one giant leap for men’s health: a meta-analysis of behaviour change interventions to increase men’s physical activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (20) ◽  
pp. 1208-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Sharp ◽  
John C Spence ◽  
Joan L Bottorff ◽  
John L Oliffe ◽  
Kate Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Physical Activity Behaviour ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Behaviour Change Interventions ◽  
Contact Frequency ◽  
Giant Leap

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of behaviour change interventions on men’s physical activity (postintervention), sustained change in physical activity behaviour (≥12 months postintervention) and to identify variations in effects due to potential moderating variables (eg, theoretical underpinning, gender-tailored, contact frequency).DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis. Pooled effect size (Cohen’s d) was calculated assuming a random-effects model. Homogeneity and subsequent exploratory moderator analyses were assessed using Q, T2 and I2.Data sourcesMedline, EMBASE, CINAHL, SportDiscus and Web of Science to April 2019.Eligibility criteria for selected studiesRandomised control trials of behaviour change interventions in men (≥18 years) where physical activity was an outcome and data were from men-only studies or disaggregated by sex.ResultsTwenty-six articles described 24 eligible studies. The overall mean intervention effect on men’s physical activity was 0.35 (SE=0.05; 95% CI 0.26 to 0.45; p<0.001). This effect size is consistent with an increase of approximately 97 min of total physical activity per week or 980 steps per day. Intervention moderators associated with greater increases in physical activity included objective physical activity outcome measures, a gender-tailored design, use of a theoretical framework, shorter length programmes (≤12 weeks), using four or more types of behaviour change techniques and frequent contact with participants (≥1 contact per week). 12 studies included additional follow-up assessments (≥12 months postintervention) and the overall mean effect was 0.32 (SE=0.09; 95% CI 0.15 to 0.48; p<0.001) for that sustained increase in physical activity.SummaryBehaviour change interventions targeting men’s physical activity can be effective. Moderator analyses are preliminary and suggest research directions.

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