scholarly journals Unexpected Cross-Reaction with Honigbergiella-Like DNA in a PCR for Detection of Bovine Tritrichomonas foetus

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Joanna Dąbrowska ◽  
Jacek Karamon ◽  
Maciej Kochanowski ◽  
Jacek Sroka ◽  
Tomasz Cencek
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
Tritrichomonas Foetus ◽  
Notifiable Disease ◽  
Amplification Product ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Bovine Sample ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Veterinary Laboratory

The prevalence of bovine Tritrichomonas foetus infection has decreased almost to zero in most European countries, such as Poland, which has been Tritrichomonas foetus-free since 1997. However, tri-trichomonosis is a notifiable disease and there is a duty to examine samples from cattle. In this study, we present an unexpected cross-reaction with Honigbergiella-like DNA in a specimen from a bull. The bovine sample was submitted to the Department of Parasitology National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy (NVRI) for confirmatory testing after having been examined at the Regional Veterinary Laboratory, during a routine T. foetus diagnosis. Positive results from microscopic observation and cultures were confirmed. Noteworthily, parasites grew on Diamond’s medium only after seven days of incubation, while optimal growth of trichomonads is generally observed after two to four days for this medium. Moreover, by using PCR we obtained positive results for the presence of T. foetus. However, sequencing of the amplification product revealed 99.62% identity with Honigbergiella sp. Our data suggest that false-positive results may occur in commonly used PCR tests. Thus, unexpected results should be carefully interpreted.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF LACTATION CURVES OF IMPORTED FRESIAN CATTLE IN A TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
J. A Ibwawuchi
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Tropical Environment ◽  
Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Friesian Cattle ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Research Institute

In 586 .iortrial laciabons of 150 Friesian cattle maintained at the National Veterinary' Research institute, Vom, from 1968 to 1983. Maximum milk production ,was attained in the fifth week of lactation. The fourth and sixth lactation curves showed superiority over the first, second, third and fifth. The curves apparently indicate that culling of unproductive animals before the 6th lactation could be economically unreasonable.

Molecular characterisation of Mycobacterium caprae strains isolated in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 182 (10) ◽  
pp. 292-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Krajewska-Wędzina ◽  
Monika Kozińska ◽  
Blanka Orłowska ◽  
Marcin Weiner ◽  
Krzysztof Szulowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Mycobacterium Caprae ◽  
Explicit Mention ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute

Bovine tuberculosis (bovine TB, bTB) is caused by bovine bacilli: Mycobacterium bovis and M caprae. The studies conducted in Poland, in the National Bovine Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory in the Department of Microbiology of the National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy, show that animal tuberculosis in Poland is also caused by M caprae. We here describe the identification and genotypic assessment of 52 isolates of M caprae obtained from Polish cattle and wild animals over the last five years. We show that strains isolated from bison have significant genotypic diversity and are distinct compared with the genotypes of strains isolated from cattle. Similarly, isolates from cattle herds can be highly genotypically variable. Formal designation of the members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex is controversial in Poland; there is a gap in veterinary legislation with regard to bTB and no explicit mention of M caprae causing tuberculosis in animal.

scholarly journals Prevalence Study of Gastrointestinal Helminth in Domestics Dogs (Canis Familiaris) Slaughtered in Selected Abattoirs in Plateau State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armstrong Yusuf Chanding ◽  
Yahaya Abdullahi Umar ◽  
Tanko James Tenshak ◽  
Shuaibu Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Canis Familiaris ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
Dipylidium Caninum ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute

Being that dogs are domestic animals to man, they are also consumed as meat. This study therefore aimed to determine the presence of gastrointestinal helminth of dogs in the two Local Government Areas of Plateau State, Nigeria namely Jos South and Pankshin and also to identify possible risk factors of zoonosis. Gastrointestinal content of 228 slaughtered dogs in abattoirs were selected randomly from Unguwarkare in Jos South and Kurum, in Pankshin LGAs. Samples were conveyed to the parasitological division of the National Veterinary Research Institute (N.V.R.I) Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria for analysis. The Post-mortem Differential Parasite Counts procedure as described by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) was used for the analysis. Of the total 228 feacal samples analysed, 138 (60.53%) were positive for at least one of the intestinal parasites. Among the gastrointestinal helminth, Taenia pisiformis, Dipylidium caninum and Echinococusgranulosus were the cestodes recorded with prevalence of 36.84%, 12.72% and 1.75% respectively. Nematodes recorded were Ancylostoma caninum (3.51%), Toxocaracanis (4.83%) and Trichurisvulpis(0.88%). However, from the 114 samples collected from Unguwarkare study area, 77(67.54%) were positive for the various intestinal helminthes which include Taenia spp. (42.98%), D. caninum (1316%) and E. granulosus (2.63%). As for the nematodes, A. caninum, T. canis and T. vulpis recorded 3.51%, 2.63% and 0.88% prevalences respectively. The parasites recorded from the remaining 114 samples analysed at Kurum include 28.95% T. pisiformis, 12.28% D. caninum and 0.88% E. granulosus while the nematodes recorded wereT. Canis (7.02%), A. caninum (3.51%) and T. vulpis (0.88%). The study revealed the presence of zoonotic gastrointestinal helminthes in dogs in the study areas with highest infection rate recorded at Unguwarkare in Jos South LGA compared with those of Kurum community of Pankshin LGA. Therefore, the general public in the said areas are at high risk of being infected with any of the zoonotic parasites. 

scholarly journals Effect of Extended Transit and Temperature Variations on EID50 Values of Thermostable NDVI-2 Vaccines

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Egbuji ◽  
A. A. Chukwuedo ◽  
L. N. Shedua ◽  
J. K. Gyallak ◽  
L. N. Swomen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Cold Condition ◽  
Control Division ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Thermostable Vaccine

Temperature alterations due to poor cold keeping condition have consistently posed a challenge to vaccines dose EID50 titre value. The sensitivity of Newcastle disease vaccine to temperature variations due to poor cold storage condition in rural settings, led to the development of the NDVI-2 thermostable vaccine, which is known to exhibit a thermostability of 3 hours at 56 °C. In this study, three Newcastle disease vaccines (NDVI-2) with EID50 titre per dose values of log10 EID50 7.7, 7.6 and 6.75 respectively from vaccine production facility at the National Veterinary Research Institute (NVRI), Vom Nigeria, were sent for certification at African Union laboratory at Debre Zeit, Ethiopia under cold condition; using ice packs for cold chain maintenance. Tracking of the vaccine in the course of freight to the certifying laboratory revealed changes in the original transit route by the airline and delay by custom at the receiving country port. Thus, a 12 hours transit freight was delayed for over 7 days before arrival at the certifying laboratory. Though, the EID50 titre per dose values of these vaccines were originally well above recommended EID50 5.5 per dose value by log 2.2, log 2.1 and log 1.25 for NDVI-2 respectively. Comparing these vaccines EID50 values obtained from the certifying laboratory in relation to values initially obtained by the Quality Control Division of the producing Institute (NVRI), revealed  loss of EID50  titre per dose value by log101.2, and log10 0.8 among two of the certified vaccine batches; with one of the certified vaccines retaining its original EID50 titre per dose value. This result attest that NDVI-2 thermostable vaccine produced at NVRI, Vom Nigeria are robust and of high quality. Thus, the findings of this study have further demonstrated that temperature variations, prolonged vaccine transportation under poor cold chain can affect the EID50 per dose value of a wholesome, field fit vaccine irrespective of the vaccine thermostability.

scholarly journals Viral infections in goose flocks in Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kozdruń ◽  
G. Woźniakowski ◽  
E. Samorek-Salamonowicz ◽  
H. Czekaj
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Goose Parvovirus ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the infectious agents isolated from infection - suspected geese sent for the diagnostic examination to National Veterinary Research Institute. The birds were sent from goose flocks localized in different parts of Poland. Totally, 1,013 birds from 122 flocks were examined. The presence of goose parvovirus (GPV), goose haemorrhagic polyomavirus (GHPV), and goose circovirus (GoCV) was detected by triplex PCR. The presence of GPV DNA was shown in 36 flocks. The disease was most frequently diagnosed in goslings aging 3.5 weeks (ten flocks), and 2.5 weeks (six flocks). The analysis of the nucleotide sequence of VP1 encoding region has shown close similarity of Polish GPV strains within the group which ranged from 92% to 100%. Moreover, the similarity level of these strains with GPV isolated in Europe was from 91.3% to 100%. The occurrence of GoCV DNA was shown in 25 goose flocks. The presence of GoCV DNA was found among geese aged from 2 to 6 weeks, but predominantly in those aging 3.5 (three flocks) and 5 weeks (five flocks). The sequence analysis of PCR products from the sequenced region of ORFC1 capsid protein of GoCV has shown that Polish isolates share from 85% to 91% similarity with the sequences of GoCV strains isolated in other countries. The presence of DNA of GHPV was found in 3-week-old geese. During the last 2 years the presence of GHPV was confirmed in three flocks of goslings at the age from 3 to 3.5 weeks. During the last 12 years the occurrence of co-infection with GPV and GoCV was detected in six flocks aging from 5 to 6 weeks.

scholarly journals Fungal Infections in Plateau State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
L. U. Enurah ◽  
S. J. Shaibu ◽  
A. A. Bitrus ◽  
A. H. Momoh- Zekeri ◽  
L. H. Lombin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Plateau State ◽  
Good Hygiene ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute

This paper describes a study carried out on people of different ages with various skin diseases who submitted themselves for examination and diagnoses at the Dermatophylosis Research Centre of the National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria. Samples of skin scrapping were collected and cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) while some were examined under the microscope for possible morphological identification of the fungi. The results showed that out of the thirty samples analyzed, nine genera of fungi were isolated comprising of Trichophyton 10 (33.3%), Aspergillus 9 (30%), Penicillum 4 (13.32%), Microsporum 2 (6.70%), Epidermorphyton 1 (3.33%), Trichosporum   1 (3.33%), Cryptococcus 1 (3.33%), Mucor 1 (3.33%), and Cephalosporium  1 (3.33). The study revealed high incidence of human fungal diseases, a situation that calls for good hygiene practices in the study area to mitigate and possibly eradicate the prevalence of human skin diseases in the rural area of Plateau State.

scholarly journals A survey on the occurrence of Brachyspira pilosicoli and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in growing-finishing pigs

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1702
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Dors ◽  
Ewelina Czyżewska-Dors ◽  
Grzegorz Woźniakowski
Keyword(s):  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Lawsonia Intracellularis ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Brachyspira Pilosicoli ◽  
Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Intestinal Pathogens ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute

Background: The major pathogenic intestinal spirochetes affecting pigs during the growing- finishing stage of production include Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and Brachyspira pilosicoli. The aim of this study was to assess the current occurrence of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli in Polish pig herds. Moreover, associations between the presence of diarrhea or other intestinal pathogens and occurrence of B. hyodysenteriae and B. pilosicoli in pigs were investigated. Methods: Between January 2017 and August 2019, a total of 401 samples of pig feces from 95 different herds were submitted to the National Veterinary Research Institute of Poland. These samples were obtained from pigs older than 7 weeks. All the received fecal samples were examined for the presence of B. hyodysenteriae, B. pilosicoli and Lawsonia intracellularis by real-time PCR. Results: B. pilosicoli was detected in 4.5% (95% CI, 2.5–7.0%) (18/401) of pig fecal samples. At the herd level 13.7% (95% CI, 7.5–22.3%) (13/95) of herds were positive for B. pilosicoli. B. hyodysenteriae was detected in 7.0% (95% CI, 4.7–9.9%) (28/401) of pig fecal samples and 18.9% (95% CI, 11.6–28.3%) (18/95) of pig herds were positive. Out of 18 B. pilosicoli positive samples, this pathogen was detected alone in 5 samples; simultaneously with L. intracellularis in 9 samples; simultaneously with B. hyodysenteriae in 1 sample and in 3 samples was detected simultaneously with both of these bacteria. The presence of B. hyodysenteriae in fecal samples was associated with the presence of diarrhea in pigs. Conclusions: This study confirmed that B. pilosicoli infections occur in Polish pig herds, but the prevalence is at a low level and the presence of B. pilosicoli is not associated with the development of diarrhea in pigs. B. hyodysenteriae is still a common cause of diarrhea among pigs from Polish herds.

scholarly journals Epidemiological situation of Q fever in sheep, goats and cattle in the Wielkopolska Voivodeship between the years 2011 and 2015, based on monitoring studies and cases from clinical practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Piotr Kneblewski ◽  
Jolanta Budzyk ◽  
Leslaw Szabłoński ◽  
Jan Olechnowicz ◽  
Michał Majewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Positive Result ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Veterinary Research Institute ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
National Veterinary Research Institute

The publication presents the results of monitoring Q fever in the Wielkopolska Voivodeship and three outbreaks disclosed as part of a clinical field practice. In five years (2011 – 2015) of examination in the Wielkopolska Voivodeship, 2,431 serological tests were carried out (1,851 in sheep, 343 in goats and 237 in cattle). Antibodies against Coxiella burneti were found three times. The first positive result in 2011 affected herds of goats and cattle and was confirmed in the reference laboratory of the National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy. A specific DNA sequence for Coxiella burneti by real-time PCR method was found. The farm consisted of 1,494 goats and 397 cattle. Serological tests were carried out to give positive results in 15.3% of the cattle and 5.77% of the goats from the whole herd. Breeding selection and the elimination of seropositive animals and double oxytetracycline treatment reduced the proportion of animals with a positive result to 5.53% in cattle and 0.96% in goats. After more than a year the elimination of seropositive animals and probable natural decline in antibody levels has led to the recognition of an outbreak of Q fever to be eliminated. The second positive result of the monitoring of Q fever was found in 2014 in one cow out of seven respondents, but the serological test was not confirmed in the reference, as a specific DNA sequence for Coxiella burneti was not found. The research conducted in sheep in 2015 showed the presence of antibodies against Coxiella burneti in two samples. The results were confirmed by the detection of genetic material of the pathogen by real-time PCR examination in the National Veterinary Research Institute in Pulawy. Three outbreaks of Q fever revealed in clinical practice related to bovine herds where clinical disturbances were observed in: reproduction, milk production decrease or increase in internal body temperature and symptoms of the respiratory system. The positive ELISA test results were the reason for the elimination of seropositive animals. Moreover, after the disclosure of infection two herds were vaccinated using an inactivated vaccine Coxevac (CEVA), which caused the improvement of production results and relief of clinical symptoms. It is worth mentioning that in two farms along with cattle there were fallow deer supported by staff cowman. Official monitoring tests of Q fever revealed an outbreak of the disease in a herd of goats and cattle, which lead to taking effective action to protect public health because of the zoonotic nature of this infection and epidemiological risk. In the disclosure of these clinical signs in cattle it is advisable to carry out laboratory tests for Q fever.

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