A Case of Persistent Diarrhea in a Man with the Molecular Detection of Various Campylobacter species and the First Isolation of candidatus Campylobacter infans

A man with a well-controlled HIV infection, previously diagnosed with lymphogranuloma venereum and treated for Hodgkin’s lymphoma, was suffering from chronic diarrhea. He travelled to Indonesia in the month prior to the start of complaints. Over a 15-month period, sequences related to Campylobactertroglodytis/upsaliensis, C. pinnepediorum/mucosalis/concisus and C. hominis were detected by 16S rRNA qPCR-based assays in various stool samples and in a colon biopsy. Culture revealed the first isolation of “candidatus Campylobacter infans”, a species identified recently by molecular methods only. The patient was treated with azithromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. To identify potential continuous exposure of the patient to Campylobacter, stool samples of the partner and the cat of the patient were analyzed and C. pinnepediorum/mucosalis/concisus and C. helveticus, respectively, were detected. The diversity in detected species in this immunocompromised patient with a lack of repeatedly consistent findings resulted in the conclusion that not any of the Campylobacter species was the primary cause of the clinical condition. This study shows the challenges in detection and interpretation of diagnostic results regarding Campylobacter.

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Molecular Detection and Genotyping of Gardnerella Vaginalis, 16S rRNA Gene from Bacterial Vaginosis Miscarriage Women in AL-Hillah City

International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation ◽

10.37200/ijpr/v24i5/pr201824 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 1536-1544

Author(s):

Asmaa K. Gatea

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

16S Rrna Gene ◽

Bacterial Vaginosis ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽

Rrna Gene

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Molecular characterisation of Leptospira strains in Pakistan

Journal of Veterinary Research ◽

10.1515/jvetres-2016-0062 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 417-421

Author(s):

Muhammad Luqman Sohail ◽

Muhammad Sarwar Khan ◽

Muhammad Avais ◽

Muhammad Yasir Zahoor ◽

Irfan Khattak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

16S Rrna ◽

Animal Species ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Molecular Evidence ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Intermediate Species ◽

Specific Primers ◽

Pathogenic Leptospira ◽

Wide Range ◽

Serological Studies

Abstract Introduction: Leptospirosis affects a wide range of mammals, humans, and even a few poikilothermic animal species. In Pakistan, serological studies of equine leptospirosis have reported a prevalence of over 40%, but no study has ever been conducted towards molecular detection of Leptospira in horses. Material and Methods: Blood samples from 128 horses were screened using ELISA and 41 positive samples were examined for the presence of leptospiral DNA using specific primers for 16S rRNA gene. Results: Out of 41 tested samples, 20 samples were found to be PCR-positive, revealing a fragment of 306 bp after gel electrophoresis. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of positive samples revealed circulation of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in Pakistani horses. No evidence of circulation of intermediate species was found in this study. Conclusion: This study reports the first molecular evidence of equine leptospirosis in Pakistan and lays ground for further research in this area. It also confirms the efficiency of 16S rRNA for the diagnosis of equine leptospirosis.

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CHRONIC DIARRHEA AND FAILURE TO THRIVE DUE TO INTESTINAL DISACCHARIDASE INSUFFICIENCY

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.34.6.807 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 807-813

Author(s):

John T. Clarke ◽

Warren Quillian ◽

Harry Shwachman

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Intestinal Mucosa ◽

Clinical Condition ◽

Chronic Diarrhea ◽

Failure To Thrive ◽

Normal Activity ◽

Mucosal Tissue ◽

Disaccharidase Activity ◽

Direct Assay

An infant with chronic diarrhea due to suspected generalized disaccharidase insufficiency is described. The clinical condition of the infant improved following the removal of lactose and sucrose from the diet. The fermentative and acidic stool with free lactose and lactic acid also improved. However, the infant was too ill to undergo direct assay of intestinal mucosal tissue for disaccharidase activity or for challenge with offending sugars. Postmortem tissue assay revealed less than 10% of normal activity for lactase, sucrase, maltase, and isomaltase in the intestinal mucosa.

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Immunological and molecular detection of rotavirus genotype in calves with gastroenteritis in Diyala-Iraq

10.53346/wjbpr.2021.1.1.0013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 001-013

Author(s):

Ammar Talib Nasser ◽

Abdulrazak Shafiq Hasan ◽

Amer Khazaal Saleh ◽

Mohammad Kassem Saleh

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽

Group A ◽

Stool Antigen ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Age Range

Aim: To explore the prevalence of rotavirus infection along with the molecular detection and genotyping of group A rotavirus (RVA) among bovine calves up to 5 months old in Diyala province-Iraq. Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted in Diyala province-Iraq during the period of 2019-2020. One hundred bovine calves with age range of 1-5 months were included in the study. All were suffering acute gastroenteritis. Serum anti-rotavirus IgM and IgG plus fecal rotavirus Ag were tested for using ELISA techniques. Stool samples positive for rotavirus Ag were submitted for reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) for G and P genes, followed by sequencing and genotyping thereafter. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 25 and P values ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The positivity rate of anti-rotavirus IgM was 80% (P = 0.0001), and that of anti-rotavirus IgG was 79% (P = 0.0001). The rotavirus stool antigen was detected in 68% of calves (P = 0.01). A total of 45 stool samples which were positive for rotavirus Ag were submitted for RT-PCR; 13 (28.9%) were positive and 32 (71.1%) were negative (P = 0.084). 10 PCR positive samples were used for sequencing and genotyping and indicated that all investigated strains belonged to G1P[8] genotype. Conclusion: The current strains analyzed belonged to the G1P[8] RVA genotypes, affirming that employment of VP7 gene polymorphism accurately yielded uniform phylogenetic distances amongst investigated rotavirus strains and that there were no noticeable assortment events between human and animal rotavirus strains in Diyala province.

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Improvement in cyst recovery and molecular detection of Giardia duodenalis from stool samples

Molecular Biology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11033-019-05224-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 1233-1239

Author(s):

Renata Coltro Bezagio ◽

Cristiane Maria Colli ◽

Liara Izabela Lopes Romera ◽

Caroline Rodrigues de Almeida ◽

Érika Cristina Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

Giardia Duodenalis ◽

Stool Samples

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Isolation of Campylobacter Species from Stool Samples by Use of a Filtration Method: Assessment from a United States-Based Population

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.00332-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 55 (7) ◽

pp. 2204-2207 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Irving Nachamkin ◽

Phi Nguyen

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Clinical Microbiology ◽

Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Filtration Method ◽

Content Type ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Campylobacter Species ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

Microaerobic Conditions

ABSTRACT Fecal samples submitted to our clinical microbiology laboratory from patients in the Philadelphia region were prospectively analyzed for Campylobacter species other than C. jejuni and C. coli using a filtration method and microaerobic conditions with increased H 2 concentrations. Of 225 samples tested, 13 (5.8%) yielded Campylobacter species, with frequent isolation of C. concisus . The majority of Campylobacter species were not clinically significant. Additional studies in U.S. populations are warranted.

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