scholarly journals The Opposite Roles of White Light in Regulating Germination of Fresh and Aged Seed in Tobacco

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2457
Author(s):  
Yao Wang ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Shuai Dong ◽  
Yi-Ling Liu ◽  
Zhen-Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
White Light ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Aged Seed ◽  
Aged Seeds

Light is one of the important environmental factors for seeds to evaluate whether the natural environment is appropriate for germination and subsequent seedlings emergence. The mechanism of light-mediated germination is mainly concerned with fresh seeds (FS) of model plants but is poorly understood in aged seeds. Here, the effects of light on germination of FS and naturally aged seeds (NAS) in tobacco and their relationship with plant hormones gibberellins (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) were investigated. The results demonstrated that light promoted and inhibited the germination of FS and NAS, respectively. GA and ABA were involved in the germination control of NAS, as well as in FS. However, light suppressed GA signal and stimulated ABA signal in NAS, whereas it stimulated GA signal and suppressed ABA signal in FS. In addition, light stimulated the GA accumulation and reduction in ABA in FS while inhibiting the increase in GA level in NAS. Together, the present study demonstrates that light has opposite effects on the germination of FS and NAS, which are closely related to the metabolism and/or signaling of plant hormones ABA and GA.

scholarly journals A simple new method for aged seed utilization based on melatonin-mediated germination and antioxidant nutrient production

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Yu ◽  
Xuetian Zhu ◽  
Helin Yang ◽  
Lihe Yu ◽  
Yifei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Aged Seed ◽  
Phenolics Content ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Aged Seeds

AbstractSeed deterioration, coupled with a decrease in nutrients, is unavoidable following long-term storage, and these seeds are therefore used as livestock fodder. Here, we developed a simple, rapid and efficient method of producing high amounts of antioxidants from deteriorated seeds via melatonin-induced germination. Legume seeds were subjected to high humidity at 55 °C for 12–36 h to obtain aged seeds with a 40% germination rate and severely reduced antioxidant nutrition (total phenolics content, ferric reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity). Aged seeds were then treated with 0.1 mM melatonin, resulting in the production of sprouts with a higher total phenolics content (fivefold), greater ferric reducing power (sevenfold) and greater DPPH radical scavenging capacity (twofold) compared to the aged seeds. These findings suggest that melatonin treatment efficiently converted aged seed reserve residues into antioxidant nutrients, providing an alternative use for deteriorated seeds in food production.

Effects on Plant Hormone levels at Different Growth Stages in Diverse Grape Organs with Root Restriction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajia Li ◽  
Dongmei Li ◽  
Boyang Liu ◽  
Ruiqi Wang ◽  
Yixuan Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Isopentenyl Adenine ◽  
Root Restriction ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Abstract Endogenous plant hormones play important roles in germination, blossom, senescence, abscission of plants by a series of signal transduction and molecular regulation. The purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of root restriction (RR) cultivation on plant hormones variation tendency at different growth stages in diverse organs or tissues, ‘Muscat Hamburg’ (Vitis ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ × Vitis ‘Trollinger’) grapevine was used as test material. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify hormone levels, aiming to investigate the influence of root restriction on the formation and transportation of plant hormones. The results revealed that RR treatment increased abscisic acid, salicylic acid, zeatin riboside, N6-(delta 2-isopentenyl)-adenine nucleoside concentrations, while reduced auxin, 3-indolepropionic acid, 3-indolebutyric acid, gibberellin A3, zeatin, N6-(delta 2-Isopentenyl)-adenine, kinetin, jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate concentrations. To sum up, our results suggested that RR treatment could initiate stress responses via up-regulating abscisic acid and salicylic acid contents while down-regulating auxin and kinetin contents, resulting in the changes of fruit appearance and improvement of berry quality.

scholarly journals Cytokinins and urea derivatives stimulate seed germination in Lotus corniculatus L.

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radomirka Nikolic ◽  
Nevena Mitic ◽  
Suzana Zivkovic ◽  
D. Grubisic ◽  
Mirjana Neskovic
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Urea Derivatives ◽  
Adenine Sulfate ◽  
Germination Potential ◽  
Aged Seed ◽  
Isopentenyl Adenine ◽  
Aromatic Cytokinins ◽  
Aged Seeds

We studied the effects of various cytokinins and urea derivatives on germination of aged seeds of in Lotus corniculatus L. The following substances were applied: N6-isoprenoid cytokinins (isopentenyl adenine and zeatin), adenine sulfate, N6-aromatic cytokinins (kinetin, benzyladenine) and their N9-ribosides, N-benzyl-9-(2- tetrahydropyranyl)adenine, and urea derivatives (diphenylurea, thidiazuron, and chloro-pyridyl phenylurea). With the exception of adenine sulfate, all cytokinins increased the percentage of seed germination up to twofold, depending on their kind and concentration. It is concluded that cytokinins may be among the missing factors in aged seeds of L. corniculatus contributing to the implementation of their full germination potential. They could be used to improve germination of both freshly harvested and aged seed samples, if necessary. .

scholarly journals Foliar Accumulation of Melatonin Applied to the Roots of Maize (Zea mays) Seedlings

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Yoon ◽  
Minjae Kim ◽  
Woong Park
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Root System ◽  
Plant Hormones ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Uptake System ◽  
Regulatory Molecule ◽  
Transpirational Flow

Plants absorb melatonin from the environments as well as they synthesize the regulatory molecule. We applied melatonin to the roots of maize (Zea mays) seedlings and examined its accumulation in the leaves. Melatonin accumulation in the leaves was proportional to the exogenously applied concentrations up to 5 mM, without saturation. Time-course analysis of the accumulated melatonin content did not show an adaptable (or desensitizable) uptake system over a 24-h period. Melatonin accumulation in the leaves was reduced significantly by the plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA), which commonly cause stomatal closure. The application of ABA and benzo-18-crown-6 (18-CR, a stomata-closing agent) induced stomatal closure and simultaneously decreased melatonin content in the leaves. When plants were shielded from airflow in the growth chamber, melatonin accumulation in the leaves decreased, indicating the influence of reduced transpiration. We conclude that melatonin applied exogenously to the root system is absorbed, mobilized upward according to the transpirational flow, and finally accumulated in the leaves.

Changes of enzymes activities in botanical treated aged seed of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cv. CO 3 seeds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hridya V. Rejeendran ◽  
S. Lakshmi ◽  
S. Ambika
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Fenugreek Seed ◽  
Aged Seed ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Nano Size ◽  
Aged Seeds

Changes occurring in seed during aging are very significant for determining seed quality, i.e. seed longevity. An experiment was conducted in Department of Seed Science and Technology, TNAU, Coimbatore to standardize suitable seed dry dressing treatments, using near nano size botanicals that can alleviate the deleterious effect of accelerated ageing and to improve the enzyme activities of soybean aged seeds. Five days aged seeds were treated with 1 h ball milled fenugreek seed powder, leaf powders of ashwagandha, tea and noni @ 2 g kg-1 with 60 min. shaking and evaluated for enzyme activities and field emergence (naturally and artificially aged seeds). Among the treatments seeds treated with fenugreek seed powder has the highest dehydrogenase activity (OD 10 min-1), protein (%), oil content (%), catalase activity, peroxidase activity (OD 10 min-1) (µg H2O2 mg-1min-1) with minimum values of electrical conductivity (dSm-1), free fatty acid (%), lipid peroxidation (OD value), lipoxygenase activity (g mol s-1 mg-1). Field emergence (%) was also higher in fenugreek seed powder treated seeds (2 g kg-1 with 60 min).

scholarly journals Seed germination and removal of Michelia champaca L. (Magnoliaceae) in eucalypt stands: the influence of the aril

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovano Candiani ◽  
Mauro Galetti ◽  
Victor Jose Mendes Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
White Light ◽  
Seed Predation ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Seed Removal ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Removal Experiments ◽  
Michelia Champaca

We tested the influence of the aril on seed germination in controlled conditions and on the removal of M. champaca seeds in natural environment. Germination assays were kept at 25 ± 2 °C under continuous white light. Removal experiments were carried out in three "old" (39 to 62-years old) and three "new" (15-years old) eucalypt stands in Horto Florestal Navarro de Andrade, Rio Claro, SP. The results show that the aril inhibits the germination and the seeds exhibit a positively photoblastic reaction. We found higher seed removal in old eucalypt stands than the new ones, probably due to the higher density of rodents in the old stands. In the new stands, we found higher seed removal of arillated seeds by ants. Ants are important to remove the aril of seeds dropped by birds, not only enhancing seed germination but also preventing seed predation by rodents.

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