scholarly journals Effect of Long-Term Fungicide Applications on Virulence and Diversity of Colletotrichum spp. Associated to Olive Anthracnose

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Materatski ◽  
Varanda ◽  
Carvalho ◽  
Dias ◽  
Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histone H3 ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Chitin Synthase ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp ◽  
Olive Trees ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

In this study, the presence and variability of Colletotrichum spp. was evaluated by comparing fungal isolates obtained from olive trees under long-time phytosanitary treatments with trees without any phytosanitary treatments (treated and untreated, respectively). Olive fruits of trees of the highly susceptible ‘Galega vulgar’ cultivar growing in the Alentejo region were used as samples. From the 210 olive trees sampled (half from treated and half from untreated orchards), 125 (59.5%) presented Colletotrichum spp., with a significant lower number of infected trees in treated (39) when compared to untreated orchards (86). The alignment and analysis of beta-tubulin (tub2), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), actin (ACT), chitin synthase (CHS-1) and histone H3 (HIS-3) gene sequences allowed the identification of all 125 isolates as belonging to the C. acutatum complex. The vast majority of the isolates (124) were identified as C. nymphaeae and one isolate, from an untreated tree, was identified as C. godetiae. Isolates were divided into five different groups: Group A: 39 isolates from treated trees matched in 100% with C. nymphaeae sequences from the database; Group B: 76 isolates from untreated trees matched in 100% with C. nymphaeae sequences from the database; Group C: one isolate from untreated trees presenting a single nucleotidic difference in the HIS-3 sequence; Group D: eight isolates from untreated trees presenting differences in two nucleotides in the tub2 sequences that changed the protein structure, together with differences in two specific nucleotides of the GAPDH sequences; Group E: one isolate, from untreated olive trees, matched 100% with C. godetiae sequences from the database in all genes. Considering the similarities of the sampled areas, our results show that the long-time application of fungicides may have caused a reduction in the number of olive trees infected with Colletotrichum spp. but an increase in the number of fruits positive to Colletotrichum spp. within each tree, which may suggest different degrees of virulence of Colletotrichum isolates from trees growing different management regimes. It is imperative that the fungicides described as causing resistance are applied at appropriate times and intervals, since their efficiency decreases when applied incorrectly and new and more virulent species may arise.

scholarly journals Low-voltage-area ablation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: Extended follow-up results of the VOLCANO trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Masuda ◽  
Mitsutoshi Asai ◽  
Osamu Iida ◽  
Shin Okamoto ◽  
Takayuki Ishihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Group A ◽  
C 32 ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Introduction: The randomized controlled VOLCANO trial demonstrated comparable 1-year rhythm outcomes between patients with and without ablation targeting low-voltage areas (LVAs) in addition to pulmonary vein isolation among paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with LVAs. To compare long-term AF/atrial tachycardia (AT) recurrence rates and types of recurrent-atrial-tachyarrhythmia between treatment cohorts during a > 2-year follow-up period. Methods: An extended-follow-up study of 402 patients enrolled in the VOLCANO trial with paroxysmal AF, divided into 4 groups based on the results of voltage mapping: Group A, no LVA (n=336); group B, LVA ablation (n=30); group C, LVA presence without ablation (n=32); and group D, incomplete voltage map (n=4). Results: At 25 (23, 31) months after the initial ablation, AF/AT recurrence rates were 19% in group A, 57% in group B, 59% in group C, and 100% in group D. Recurrence rates were higher in patients with LVAs than those without (group A vs. B+C, p<0.0001), and were comparable between those with and without LVA ablation (group B vs. C, p=0.83). Among patients who underwent repeat ablation, ATs were more frequently observed in patients with LVAs (Group B+C, 50% vs. A, 14%, p<0.0001). In addition, LVA ablation increased the incidence of AT development (group B, 71% vs. C, 32%, p<0.0001), especially biatrial tachycardia (20% vs. 0%, p=0.01). Conclusion: Patients with LVAs demonstrated poor long-term rhythm outcomes irrespective of LVA ablation. ATs were frequently observed in patients with LVAs, and LVA ablation might exacerbate iatrogenic ATs.

Abstract 15439: Lesion Complexity and Long-term Outcomes According to Mean Observed Blood Pressure After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Il Park ◽  
Byung Jun Kim ◽  
Hun Tae Kim ◽  
Jung Hee Lee ◽  
Ung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background: The guideline recommended strict blood pressure (BP) control for the patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We aimed to evaluate the relationship between mean observed BP and long-term outcomes for patients with or without lesion complexity. Methods: A total of 1,470 patients who underwent PCI were investigated. We categorized the study population into four groups based on mean observed BP and lesion complexity (left main & three-vessel disease, chronic total occlusion, total stent length ≥60mm, or bifurcation two stenting): Group A (non-complex & systolic BP ≤120mmHg, n=310), Group B (non-complex & systolic BP >120mmHg, n=674), Group C (complex & systolic BP ≤120mmHg, n=131), and Group D (complex & systolic BP >120mmHg, n=355). We evaluated major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), repeat target vessel revascularization, or stroke. Results: Well-controlled BP group (Group A&C) showed significantly lower systolic BP than uncontrolled BP group (Group B&D) (114.3±6.1mmHg vs. 130.7±7.6mmHg, p<0.001). MACCEs occurred less frequently in Group A (18.9%) than Group B (23.6%), Group C (22.7%), and Group D (33.6%) (p=0.001) at 8 years. After multivariate analysis, with Group A as a reference, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for MACCEs was 1.382 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.978-1.954, p=0.067) for Group B, 1.559 (95% CI 0.957-2.540, p=0.075) for Group C, and 1.872 (95% CI 1.296-2.705, p=0.001) for Group D. In Cox regression model, although lesion complexity was not associated with MACCE, systolic BP≤120mmHg was an independent predictor for reduced rate of MACCE (HR 0.667, 95% CI 0.485-0.918, p=0.013). Conclusions: Mean observed systolic BP ≤120mmHg after PCI was independent predictor for reduced MACCEs regardless of lesion complexity. Key Words: Blood Pressure; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Lesion Complexity; Treatment Outcome

Effects of spaceflight on rat erythroid parameters

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Allebban ◽  
L. A. Gibson ◽  
R. D. Lange ◽  
T. L. Jago ◽  
K. M. Strickland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Ground Control ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Human Erythropoietin ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
First Time ◽  
Group D

Hematologic studies were performed on 21 ground control rats and 21 rats flown during the Spacelab Life Sciences-2 14-day mission. Group A (n = 5) was used to collect blood in flight and 9 days postflight, group B (n = 5) was injected with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo), group C (n = 5) received saline as a control, and group D (n = 6) was killed in flight and tissues were collected. Results indicated no significant changes in peripheral blood erythroid elements between flight and ground control rats. The nonadherent bone marrow on flight day 13 showed a lower number of recombinant rat interleukin-3 (rrIL-3)-responsive and rrIL-3 + rhEpo-responsive blast-forming unit erythroid (BFU-e) colonies in flight rats compared with ground control rats. On landing day, a slight increase in the number of rhEpo + rrIL-3-responsive BFU-e colonies of flight animals compared with ground control rats was evident. Nine days postflight, bone marrow from flight rats stimulated with rhEpo alone or with rhEpo + rrIL-3 showed an increase in the number of colony-forming unit erythroid colonies and a decrease in BFU-e colonies compared with ground control rats. This is the first time that animals were injected with rhEpo and subsequently blood and tissues were collected during the spaceflight to study the regulation of erythropoiesis in microgravity.

scholarly journals Assessment of Range of Movement, Pain and Disability Following a Whiplash Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 541-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atif A. Malik ◽  
Simon Robinson ◽  
Wasim S. Khan ◽  
Bernice Dillon ◽  
Martyn E. Lovell
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Whiplash Injury ◽  
Range Of Movement ◽  
Pain Group ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background: Whiplash has been suggested to cause chronic symptoms and long term disability. This study was designed to assess long term function after whiplash injury. Material & Methods: A random sample of patients in the outpatient clinic was interviewed, questionnaire completed and clinical examination performed. Assessment was made of passive cervical range of movement and Visual Analogue Scale pain scores. One hundred and sixty-four patients were divided into four different groups including patients with no whiplash injury but long-standing neck pain (Group A), previous symptomatic whiplash injury and long-standing neck pain (Group B), previous symptomatic whiplash injury and no neck symptoms (Group C), and a control group of patients with no history of whiplash injury or neck symptoms (Group D). Results: Data was analyzed by performing an Independent samples t-test and ANOVA, with level of significance taken as p<0.05. Comparing the four groups using a one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference between the groups (p<0.001). There were significant differences when comparing mean ranges of movement between Group A and Group D, and between Group B and Group D. There was no significant difference between Group C and Group D. similar differences were also seen in the pain scores. Conclusion: We conclude that osteoarthritis in the cervical spine, and whiplash injury with chronic problems cause a significantly decreased cervical range of movement with a higher pain score. Patients with shorter duration of whiplash symptoms appear to do better in the long-term.

scholarly journals Is Autologous or Heterologous Pericardium Better for Valvuloplasty? A Comparative Study of Calcification Propensity

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Jian Jiang ◽  
Yong-Chao Cui ◽  
Jin-Hua Li ◽  
Xiu-Hui Zhang ◽  
Huan-Huan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Content ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Autologous Pericardium ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Pericardial Calcification ◽  
Group D ◽  
Collagenous Fibers

Pericardial calcification is detrimental to the long-term durability of valvuloplasty. However, whether calcification susceptibility differs between heterologous and autologous pericardium is unclear. In this study, we compared the progression of calcification in vivo between autologous and heterologous pericardium. We randomly divided 28 rabbits into 4 equal groups. Resected rabbit pericardium served as autologous pericardium, and commercial bovine pericardium served as heterologous pericardium. We subcutaneously embedded one of each pericardial patch in the abdominal walls of 21 of the rabbits. The 7 control rabbits (group A) received no implants. The embedded samples were removed at 2 months in group B, at 4 months in group C, and at 6 months in group D. Each collected sample was divided into 2 parts, one for calcium-content measurement by means of atomic-absorption spectroscopy, and one for morphologic and histopathologic examinations. When compared with the autologous pericardium, calcium levels in the heterologous pericardium were higher in groups B, C, and D (P &lt;0.0001, P &lt;0.0002, and P &lt;0.0006, respectively). As embedding time increased, calcium levels in the heterologous pericardium increased faster than those in the autologous, especially in group D. Disorganized arrangements of collagenous fibers, marked calculus, and ossification were seen in the heterologous pericardium. Inflammatory cells—mainly lymphocytes and small numbers of macrophages—infiltrated the heterologous pericardium. The autologous pericardium showed a stronger ability to resist calcification. Our results indicate that autologous pericardium might be a relatively better choice for valvuloplasty.

scholarly journals Natural history of the enlarged ascending thoracic aorta: an observational long term study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Schroeder ◽  
B Bihin ◽  
M Buche ◽  
P.H Eucher ◽  
J Felix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Aorta ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Abstract   To assess the long-term outcome of patients with an enlarged ascending thoracic aorta (ATA), a retrospective study was performed. Methods Inclusion criteria: ATA diameter of 38 mm or more by ETT (813 consecutive cases). Inclusion period: 1.1.2003–31.12.2016. Results At baseline, the mean diameter of the ATA was 42±3 mm, the mean Z-score was 2.7±0.8. In the subgroup of patients with 2 ETT examinations (and no surgical cure of the ATA), the mean diameter was 41.9±4.8 mm, the mean Z-score 2.4±1.1 after a mean follow-up of 6 years. During the follow-up, 52 patients had an intervention on the ATA, 26 patients were operated within the first 3 months after the diagnostic echocardiogram. 26 patients were operated during FU. In the 791 remaining patients (without early intervention), the event rate (death, intervention on the ATA) were assessed by the competing risk model. In the group of patients with a baseline ATA diameter of less than 41 mm (Group A: n=254), the cumulative incidence of death at 5 and 10 y was 34% and 61%; in the group of patients with an ATA diameter of 41–42 mm (Group B: n=238) the incidence was 34% and 61% respectively, in the group of patients with an ATA diameter of 43–44 mm (Group C: n=147), the incidence was 32% and 58%, in the group of patients with a diameter of 45 and more (Group D: n=150), the incidence was 31.1% and 61% (NS). The cumulative incidence of surgical interventions on the ATA at 5 and 10 years was 0.4% and 1% in group A, 1.3 and 1.8% in group B, 0.7 and 1.4% in group C and 9.8 and 12.9% in group D (p&lt;0.05). Similar results were observed in patients according to the Z-scores. In the group of patients (221) with a Z-score &gt;3, the incidence of intervention at 5 and 10 y was respectively 7.6% and 10.7% (p=0.01). Conclusions – The mean diameter of the enlarged ATA remained nearly unchanged over a period of 6 years. – No impact of the enlarged ATA on survival was observed. – Only patients with an ATA diameter of 45 mm and more (or a Z-score of 3 and more) needed an intervention on the ATA at a rate of ± 10% at 10 y after the initial echocardiographic diagnosis. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Improvement of Survival Rate in Patients with Cardiogenic Shock by Using Nonpulsatile and Pulsatile Ventricular Assist Device

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 715-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Minami ◽  
A. El-Banayosy ◽  
H. Posival ◽  
H. Seggewiβ ◽  
E. Murray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Assist Device ◽  
Arterial Embolism ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Between January 1988 and January 1992, 65 patients (pts) had a ventricle assist device (VAD) inserted in our clinic. In 24 pts a VAD was applied because of primarily unsuccessful weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (Group A). In a further 24 pts (Group B) a VAD was installed for the therapy of refractive cardiogenic shock (CS) after initially successful cardiac surgery (n=21) and after acute myocardial infarction (n=3). Twelve pts were bridged to heart transplantation (Group C) and five had a VAD inserted for various other reasons (Group D). In 36 (55.4%) of the total 65 pts a nonpulsatile VAD (Biomedicus® 540) was used: 10 in Group A; 20 in B, 3 in C and 3 in D. In 29 pts (44.6%) a pulsatile VAD (Abiomed® BVS 5000) was used: 14 in Group A, 4 in B, 9 in C and 2 in D. Weaning rate and long-term survival rates were 50% and 46% respectively in Group A and 38% and 42% in Group B. Seven pts from Group C were transplanted and six are long-term survivors. Two pts (40%) in Group D were discharged from hospital. Major postoperative complications were bleeding (46%), thromboembolism (14%), multiple organ failure (11%), renal failure (11%), arterial embolism (4.6%), sepsis (3%). The results indicate that application of a VAD can be recommended in pts with postcardiotomy CS to allow recovery of cardiac function and in pts with irreversible ventricular damage as bridging to HTX.

scholarly journals Duration of resuscitation efforts and long-term prognosis following in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Yonis ◽  
B Winkel ◽  
M P Andersen ◽  
M Wissenberg ◽  
L Kober ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Nursing Home Admission ◽  
Group A ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Background The decision to terminate resuscitation efforts can be challenging. Notably, the association between duration of resuscitation and long-term survival and functional outcomes after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is unknown. Purpose To examine 30-day and 1-year survival stratified by duration of resuscitation efforts. Further, to report long term outcome (1-year survival) without anoxic brain damage or nursing home admission among 30-day IHCA survivors. Methods We included all patients with IHCA from 13 Danish hospitals between January 1st, 2013 to December 31st, 2015. Patients were only included if there was clinical indication for a resuscitation attempt. Data on IHCA was obtained from the DANARREST database, which was linked to national registries to retrieve information on patient characteristics, survival, anoxic brain damage and nursing home admission. Patients were stratified into four groups (A-D) according to quartiles of duration of resuscitation efforts: Group A (&lt;5 minutes), group B (5–11 minutes), group C (12–20 minutes) and group D (≥21 minutes). Using multivariable regression analysis, outcomes were standardized for patient age, sex, Charlson Comorbidity Index, witnessed arrest, monitored arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prior to arrival of the in-hospital cardiac arrest team and defibrillation. Results The study population comprised of 1868 patients, median age was 74 (1st-3rd quartile [Q1-Q3] 65–81 years) and 65.0% were men. In total, 52.1% (n=973) of the patients achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The overall median duration of resuscitation was 12 min (Q1-Q3 5–21 min). The standardized absolute chance of 30-day survival was 63.6% (95% CI 58.0%-69.0%) for group A, 34.0% (95% CI 29.7%-38.2%) for group B, 14.1% (95% CI 10.7%-17.5%) for group C and 9.0% (95% CI 6.8%-11.8%) for group D. Similarly, the chance of 1-year survival was highest for group A (51.5%; 95% CI 46.3%-56.7%) gradually decreasing to 7.0% (95% CI 4.5%-9.5%) in group D (Fig. 1). Among 30-day survivors of an IHCA, the standardized absolute chance of survival without anoxic brain damage or nursing home admission within one-year post-arrest was highest for patients resuscitated in group A (83.2%; 95% CI 78.4%-88.1%), decreasing to 72.3% (95% CI 64.5%-80.0%) in group B, 68.3% (95% CI 55.3%-81.2%) in group C and 71.1% (95% CI 54.2%-88.0%) in group D (Fig. 2). Conclusion Short time to ROSC after in-hospital cardiac arrest is associated with better long-term prognosis. However, the majority of 30-day survivors are alive 1-year post-arrest without anoxic brain damage and without need for nursing home admission despite prolonged resuscitation. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Figure 1 Figure 2

Outcomes of enucleation and porous polyethylene orbital implant insertion in patients with paediatric retinoblastoma: a long-term follow-up study

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-317934
Author(s):  
Min Kyu Yang ◽  
Min Joung Lee ◽  
Namju Kim ◽  
Hokyung Choung ◽  
Sang In Khwarg
Keyword(s):  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Implant Exposure ◽  
Group A ◽  
Eyelid Malposition ◽  
Group B ◽  
Upper Eyelid Ptosis ◽  
Group D

Background/AimsTo report the long-term outcomes of enucleation and insertion of porous polyethylene (PP) orbital implant according to the evolving surgical techniques and implant in patients with paediatric retinoblastoma .MethodsPatients with paediatric retinoblastoma who underwent enucleation and PP implant insertion from December 1998 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed and divided into four groups: group A, classic enucleation +PP implant; group B, enucleation +PP implant +anterior closure of the posterior Tenon’s (ACPT) capsule; group C, enucleation +PP implant +free orbital fat graft +ACPT and group D, enucleation +smooth surface tunnel PP implant +ACPT. Survival analysis of implant exposure and eyelid malpositions was performed.ResultsOne hundred and ninety-eight eyes of 196 patients were included. The median follow-up period was 13.0 years (range, 5.0–21.1). A 20 mm implant was inserted for 149 eyes (75.3%). The 10-year exposure-free survival probabilities were 44.6% in group A, 96.4% in group B, 97.4% in group C and 97.7% in group D. ACPT was associated with significant reduction in implant exposure (p<0.001). The most common eyelid malposition was upper eyelid ptosis (24.2%). The eyelid malposition-free survival probability did not differ among the four groups. However, the insertion of a 20 mm implant was associated with significant reduction in upper eyelid ptosis and lower eyelid entropion (p=0.004 and 0.038, respectively).ConclusionsThe long-term postenucleation implant exposure was rare after PP implant insertion and ACPT, even with a 20 mm-diameter implant. A larger implant can be beneficial in long-term prevention of eyelid malposition.

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

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