scholarly journals Utilization of in Vitro Anther Culture in Spelt Wheat Breeding

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Lantos ◽  
Szandra Purgel ◽  
Katalin Ács ◽  
Bernadett Langó ◽  
Lajos Bóna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Spelt Wheat ◽  
Advanced Line ◽  
Flour Yield ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dh Lines

The efficiency of in vitro anther culture was screened in a full diallel population of four spelt wheat genotypes and ten F1 hybrids. Genotype dependency was observed based on the data of embryo-like structures (ELS), green-, albino plantlets. In the diallel population and ten F1 hybrids, the green plantlets production ranged from 13.75 to 85.00 and from 6.30 to 51.00, respectively. The anther culture-derived plants of F1 hybrids were grown up in the nursery. At the harvest, 436 spontaneous doubled haploid (DH) plants were identified among the 1535 anther culture-derived transplanted and grown up individual plants. The mean of spontaneous rediploidization was 28.4% which ranged from 9.76% to 54.24%. In two consecutive years, the agronomic values of ‘Tonkoly.pop1’ advanced line were compared with seven DH lines of ‘Tonkoly.pop1’ in the nursery. The DH lines achieved competitive values in comparison with ‘Tonkoly.pop1’ advanced line based on the 11 measured parameters (heading date, plant height, yield, hardness, width and length of seed, TKW, hulling yield, flour yield, protein and wet gluten content). These observations presage the efficient utilization of anther culture in spelt wheat breeding.

scholarly journals Androgenic responses of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) combinations in in vitro anther culture

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-350
Author(s):  
Osama Kanbar ◽  
Csaba Lantos ◽  
Erzsebet Kiss ◽  
Janos Pauk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Published Data ◽  
In Vitro Production ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dh Lines ◽  
Vitro Production

The androgenic parameters were investigated by in vitro anther culture (AC) on nine F2-5 breeding combinations of winter wheat (Triticum aestivium L.). Each combination produced embryo-like structures (ELS), green plantlets, albino plantlets, transplanted plantlets and acclimatized plantlets, with respect to the number of anthers in AC. The number of AC-derived ELS was between 11.73 and 52.76 ELS/100 anthers with the mean of 26.22 ELS/100 anthers, out of which the number of regenerated green plantlets varied from 3.20 to 26.40 green plantlets/100 anthers and the mean was 9.76 green plantlets/100 anthers, while the number of transplanted plantlets ranged from 2.16 to 21.77 transplanted plantlets/100 anthers. Furthermore, the number of albinos/100 anthers was mitigated and varied between 0.72 and 6.20 albinos/100 anthers. We also studied the number of green and albino plantlets per 100 ELS. The rate of green plantlets per 100 ELS ranged between 14.81% and 64.01%, with the overall mean 33.59%, while the rate of albinos per 100 ELS ranged from 4.82% to 20.70% with the overall mean 11.93%. In our experiment, the rate of acclimatized plantlets (70.15-91.57%) depended mostly on the combination. This study asserted the importance of AC method in wheat for in vitro production of green plants. Although albinism was found in each combination, it did not hinder the production of green plantlets. The satisfying results were achieved in green plantlets production compared to the previously published data, but further improvement will be needed continuously, experiment by experiment. The generated acclimatized plantlets will be used in the wheat breeding program as doubled haploid (DH) lines.

scholarly journals High production of wheat double haploids via anther culture

Genetika ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Ankica Kondic-Sipka ◽  
Boris Kobiljski ◽  
Nikola Hristov
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
High Production ◽  
Dh Lines ◽  
Wheat Lines

Androgenous and regeneration abilities of 14 randomly selected F1 hybrids of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were analyzed. Anthers were grown in vitro on a modified Potato-2 inductive medium. The hybrid NS111-95/Ana had the highest average values for androgenous capacity (33%) and callus yield (119%), while the hybrid NS 92-250/Tiha had the lowest values for these traits (9 and 21%, respectively). Seven genotypes (50%) had a frequency of green plants relative to the number of isolated anthers of over 10%, with the highest frequency of 21.3% (NS111-95/Sremica). This hybrid produced 12.8 doubled haploid (DH) lines per spike used for isolation. In the other genotypes, the number of produced DH lines per spike ranged from 1 (30?Sc.Smoc.88-89/Hays-2) to 11.2 (NS111-95/Ana). As half of the randomly selected genotypes exhibited high green plant regeneration ability and a high production of DH lines per spike, it can be concluded that in vitro anther culture can be successfully used in breeding programs for rapid production of homozygous wheat lines.

scholarly journals Generation of doubled haploid lines from winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding material using in vitro anther culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
Osama Zuhair Kanbar ◽  
Csaba Lantos ◽  
Paul Karumba Chege ◽  
Erzsébet Kiss ◽  
János Pauk
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
Dh Lines

We investigated the anther culture (AC) efficiency of thirteen F<sub>4</sub> combinations of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The genotype dependency was assessed during the induction of the androgenic entities, i.e. embryo-like structures (ELS), regenerated-, green-, albino-, and transplanted plantlets. The number of green plantlets per 100 anthers (GP/100A) varied from 0.36 to 24.74 GP/100A with a mean of 8.31 GP/100A. Albino plantlets (AP) occurred in each combination, ranging from 0.20 to 22.80 AP/100A with an average value of 5.59 AP/100A. Between 25–87.76 doubled haploid (DH) plants per 100 acclimatised plantlets (DH/100ADP), depending on the combination, with a mean of 59.74% were recovered. We have found the highest DH production in the combinations Béres/Midas, Kalász/Tacitus, Béres/Pamier, and Premio/5009. This improves remarkably the choice of basic genetic material in subsequent crossing programmes. These observations emphasise the usability and efficiency of in vitro AC in producing a large number of DH lines for breeding and the applied researches of winter wheat. Although albinism was found in each combination, it was mitigated by the in vitro AC application.

Trichothecene-mediated in vitro selection in wheat for reduced mycotoxin accumulation caused by Fusarium graminearum

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1115-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Eudes ◽  
A. Comeau ◽  
S. Rioux ◽  
J. Collin
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Gibberella Zeae ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Inoculation Method ◽  
Dh Lines

Trichothecene, a factor of aggressiveness of Fusarium graminearum in wheat fusarium head blight (FHB), was evaluated in an anther co-culture assay for the regeneration of doubled haploid (DH) lines with reduced mycotoxin accumulation. A Fusarium graminearum culture filtrate and a defined mixture of purified trichothecenes were compared with a control treatment in two F1-derived microspores populations. Frontana and Katepwa were the FHB resistant and intermediate resistant sources, respectively, and the cultivar Norseman was the FHB susceptible parent. A preliminary evaluation of the subpopulations of DH lines, using the point inoculation method in the greenhouse, showed selection effects for FHB resistance in the trichothecene co-cultured Frontana/Norseman subpopulation only. Three years of field evaluation using the spray inoculation method revealed that the DH subpopulation from the F1 hybrid Frontana/Norseman co-culture in the presence of trichothecenes accumulated consistently less deoxynivalenol (DON) in the grain than the control subpopulation. The FHB symptoms were also significantly reduced for 1 yr (2001) in the same subpopulation. This subpopulation showed increased test weight, plant height and a 1.1-d delay in heading date when compared with the control subpopulation, under disease pressure. A trichothecene co-cultured DH subpopulation from Katepwa/Norseman also had a significantly lower DON content for 1 yr. Key words: Androgenesis, disease resistance, Gibberella zeae, mycotoxin, Triticum aestivum, wheat scab

scholarly journals Homozygous Transgenic Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Plants by Anther Culture

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 918
Author(s):  
Ludmila Ohnoutková ◽  
Tomáš Vlčko
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Transgenic Barley ◽  
Embryo Cultures ◽  
Isolated Microspores ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Dh Lines ◽  
Transgenic Progeny ◽  
Selection Of

Production of homozygous lines derived from transgenic plants is one of the important steps for phenotyping and genotyping transgenic progeny. The selection of homozygous plants is a tedious process that can be significantly shortened by androgenesis, cultivation of anthers, or isolated microspores. Doubled haploid (DH) production achieves complete homozygosity in one generation. We obtained transgenic homozygous DH lines from six different transgenic events by using anther culture. Anthers were isolated from T0 transgenic primary regenerants and cultivated in vitro. The ploidy level was determined in green regenerants. At least half of the 2n green plants were transgenic, and their progeny were shown to carry the transgene. The process of dihaploidization did not affect the expression of the transgene. Embryo cultures were used to reduce the time to seed of the next generation. The application of these methods enables rapid evaluation of transgenic lines for gene function studies and trait evaluation.

scholarly journals Genotypic features of morphogenetic reactions of varieties and hybrids F1 of winter soft wheat during various stages of androgenesis in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Zambriborshch ◽  
O. L. Shestopal ◽  
M. S. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Anther Culture ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Green Plants ◽  
Ability To Regenerate ◽  
Androgenesis In Vitro ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

Aim. Testing the haploproduction ability of 47 varieties and 143 F1 hybrids of winter bread wheat. Methods. In vitro culture of isolated anthers of wheat. The percentage of callus and regeneration of green plants for each genotype calculated as a percentage of the planted anthers. Results. The differences in the frequency of сallus induction and the ability to regenerate plants in the process of androgenesiss in vitro of winter soft wheat were detected. The range of variation haploproduction activiti was broad. The sign of "the formation of сallus" for varieties was in limited from 0 to 21.2 % and for hybrids – from 0 to 38.8 %; on the sign of "regeneration of green plants" for varieties – from 0 to 9.4 %, and for hybrids from 0 to 9.1 %. The positive effect of 1BL/1RS translocation on signs of haploproduction in anther culture Triticum aestivum L. Conclusions. Genotype-specific of microspores morphogenetic reactions of soft winter wheat in the process of androgenesis in vitro were revealed. It has been found that F1 hybrids have a higher potential production potential in anther culture than varieties. During the period from 2011 to 2017, the 580 lines of winter wheat were transferred to the breeding departments. Keywords: soft winter wheat, anther culture in vitro, callus, regeneration.

scholarly journals High Frequency of Doubled Haploid Plant Production in Spelt Wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Lantos ◽  
Barnabás Jenes ◽  
Lajos Bóna ◽  
Mátyás Cserháti ◽  
János Pauk
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Haploid Plant ◽  
Spelt Wheat ◽  
Regenerated Plantlets

AbstractThis is the first study to report an efficient anther culture (AC) method for spelt wheat, which has an increasing importance not only in applied research but also in organic farming and changing nutritional standards. In this study, an efficient AC protocol has been described for ‘GK Fehér’ spelt wheat. The number of AC-derived embryo-like structures (ELS) was 62.2/100 anthers, from which we were able to regenerate 30.6 green plantlets per 100 anthers. The percentage of green plantlets production was 89.0% among the regenerated plantlets, while the phenomenon of albinism was restricted (3.8/100 anthers). Altogether, from AC of ‘GK Fehér’ 306 green plantlets were producedin vitroand 241 plants were acclimatized to the greenhouse conditions. Based on ploidy level analyses, 83 spontaneous doubled haploid (DH) plants were produced (8.3 DH plants/100 anthers), so the percentage of spontaneous rediploidization was 34.4%. The spontaneous DH plants produced fertile spikes, while a few seeds were harvested from seven partially fertile plants.

scholarly journals Response of Anther Donor Genotypes (F1) from Indica x Indica Crosses to Rice Anther Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Iswari Saraswati Dewi ◽  
Nuha Hera Putri ◽  
Bambang Sapta Purwoko
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Donor Plant ◽  
In Vitro Techniques ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Dh Lines

<p>Anther culture is one of the in vitro techniques that can be used to accelerate the obtainment of purelines in the form of dihaploid (DH) plants resulted from androgenesis. The objectives of this research were to study response of anther donor genotypes in rice anther culture of F1 populations derived from indica x indica crosses and obtain spontaneous DH lines to be used further for variety development program. Anther donor plant used for the experiment consisted of four kinds of F1 populations derived from single crosses, i.e. IR85/I-5, BioR-81/I-5, Bio-R81/O18, and BioR-82/O-18. The result indicated that kindy of all F1 plants showed similar response to callus induction, but significatly different responses to plant regeneration. Genotypes of anther donor plants (F1) significantly affected the percentage of calli producing green plantlet, but not significantly affected the percentage of calli producing albino plantlet. Anther culturability of anther donor plants (F1) was relatively high, ranged from 2.0 to 7.0%. A total of 73 first generation of spontaneous DH lines (38.8%) from the grew out green plantlets was obtained from this study. The resulted DH lines are readily available to be selected and be used in rice cultivar development program.</p>

scholarly journals Optimization of the Androgenesis Method in the In Vitro Culture of Anteneson the Basis ofT. AestivumHybrids

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.O. Kazachenko ◽  
N.V. Davydova ◽  
V.A. Burlutsky ◽  
E.S. Romanova ◽  
S. I. Voronov
Keyword(s):  
Anther Culture ◽  
High Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Complex Optimization ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Central Economic

This study aimed to examine the regularities of the regenerationprocesses of haploid plants, the dependence of in vitro microspore morphogenesis in anther culture on optimization factors, and their efficiency in F1 hybrids of T. aestivumof different ecological and geographicorigin. It was found that heterosis contributed to an increased yield of haploid chlorophyll-bearing regenerants from hybrids obtained from the crossing of parental forms with different responsiveness to androclinia. Results were obtained for the complex optimization of the androgenesis method for the in vitro anther culture of T. aestivum, in order to create diploidized haploid lines (DHL) regardless of the influence of the genotype. The agroecological properties for a complex of economically useful traits were also assessed. DHLs were created that combined high yield (5.1-6.8 t / ha) with lodging resistance (straw height – 60-80 cm) and consistently high grain quality; these were characterized by increased resistance to major leaf diseases in comparison with the standard variety in the conditions of the Central Economic Region of the Non-Black Earth Zone of the Russian Federation. Keywords: spring soft wheat, androgenesis, embyroidogenesis, callusogenesis, diploidized haploids, in vitro, yield and quality

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