scholarly journals Melatonin Suppressed the Heat Stress-Induced Damage in Wheat Seedlings by Modulating the Antioxidant Machinery

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Ali Buttar ◽  
Sheng Nan Wu ◽  
Marino B. Arnao ◽  
Chaojie Wang ◽  
Ikram Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Machinery ◽  
Stress Responsive Genes ◽  
Antioxidant Machinery

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a pleiotropic signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in the regulation of various environmental stresses, including heat stress (HS). In this study, a 100 μM melatonin (MT) pretreatment followed by exposure to heat stress for different time periods was found to efficiently reduce oxidative stress by preventing the over-accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lowering the lipid peroxidation content (malondialdehyde (MDA) content), and increasing proline (Pro) biosynthesis. Moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), were increased substantially in MT-pretreated wheat seedlings. The presence of MT significantly improved the heat tolerance of wheat seedlings by modulating their antioxidant defense system, activating the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle comprising ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and increasing glutathione reductase (GR) activities. It also held the photosynthetic machinery stable by increasing the chlorophyll content. Enhancement in the endogenous MT contents was also observed in the MT+HS-treated plants. Furthermore, the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes TaSOD, TaPOD, and TaCAT, and anti-stress responsive genes, such as TaMYB80, TaWRKY26, and TaWRKY39, was also induced in MT-treated seedlings. Due to these notable changes, an improvement in stress resistance was observed in MT-treated seedlings compared with control. Taken together, our findings suggest that MT can play a key role in boosting the stress tolerance of plants by modulating the antioxidant defense system and regulating the transcription of stress-responsive genes.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanism of Heavy Metal Toxicity and Tolerance in Plants: Central Role of Glutathione in Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species and Methylglyoxal and in Heavy Metal Chelation

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Anwar Hossain ◽  
Pukclai Piyatida ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Masayuki Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Peroxidation Of Lipids ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glyoxalase System

Heavy metal (HM) toxicity is one of the major abiotic stresses leading to hazardous effects in plants. A common consequence of HM toxicity is the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methylglyoxal (MG), both of which can cause peroxidation of lipids, oxidation of protein, inactivation of enzymes, DNA damage and/or interact with other vital constituents of plant cells. Higher plants have evolved a sophisticated antioxidant defense system and a glyoxalase system to scavenge ROS and MG. In addition, HMs that enter the cell may be sequestered by amino acids, organic acids, glutathione (GSH), or by specific metal-binding ligands. Being a central molecule of both the antioxidant defense system and the glyoxalase system, GSH is involved in both direct and indirect control of ROS and MG and their reaction products in plant cells, thus protecting the plant from HM-induced oxidative damage. Recent plant molecular studies have shown that GSH by itself and its metabolizing enzymes—notably glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II—act additively and coordinately for efficient protection against ROS- and MG-induced damage in addition to detoxification, complexation, chelation and compartmentation of HMs. The aim of this review is to integrate a recent understanding of physiological and biochemical mechanisms of HM-induced plant stress response and tolerance based on the findings of current plant molecular biology research.

Toxic Effects of Tributyltin and Triphenyhin on Antioxidative Defense System in the Sea Urchin Strongylocentyotus intermedius

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 482-485
Author(s):  
Jia Chen ◽  
Zhong Da Xia ◽  
Xiao Jie Chai ◽  
Li Qiang Zhao ◽  
Yuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Oxidative Injury ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Antioxidative Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Antioxidative Defense System ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Harmful Effects

The aim of this study was to investigate the harmful effects of TBT and TPT using sea urchinStrongylocentyotus intermedius. At 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 days after TBT and TPT exposure, the examinations were taken. The results revealed that administration of TBT and TPT reduced the activities of antioxidants CAT and GPx, while MDA content increased. It was suggested that TBT and TPT were toxin with a variety of deleterious effects on sea urchin, indicating that oxidative injury and antioxidant defense system damage were induced by TBT and TPT.

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