scholarly journals Electrorheological Behavior of Suspensions of Polyimide-Based on the Sodium Salt of 2,5-Diaminobenzenesulfonic Acid

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Semenov ◽  
Alexander Danilin ◽  
Yulia Karnet ◽  
Elena Kelbysheva
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Electrorheological Suspensions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Electrorheological Properties

Electrorheological suspensions (ERS) of polyimide particles with organoelement fragments from the sodium salt of 2,5-diaminobenzene sulfonic acid were obtained for the first time. Their rheological and electrorheological characteristics, their dependence on the parameters of deformation, and the intensity of the external electric field were studied. It was found that the ERS of PI-Na polyimide particles have a significant electrorheological response. Solid-polyimide materials were previously studied using a scanning electron microscope. The effect of the polyimide concentration on the properties of the solution was studied by spectrophotometry. It was shown that polyimide suspension is a result of increasing intensity as the electric field changes the flow type from Newtonian to pseudoplastic due to polarization of the particles and formation of the chain structures along the power lines of the electric field. The influence of temperature on the change of rheological and electrorheological properties of a polyimide ERS in constant electric fields was investigated.

Influence of Electric Field and Temperature on Magnetic Field Induced Prolonged Changes of Electric Parameters of Silicon Systems

1995 ◽  
Vol 378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir M Maslovsky
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Diffusion Activation Energy ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Electric Parameters ◽  
Generation Lifetime ◽  
Equilibrium Defects ◽  
First Time ◽  
Diffusion Activation

AbstractMagnetic field induced prolonged changes (MFIPC) of electric parameters of semiconductor systems is the phenomenon that has been recently established experimentally. In this work it is investigated for the first time the influence of electric field and temperature on duration of MFIPC of carrier generation lifetime in Si subsurface region and the influence of temperature on MFIPC of the MOS structure leakage voltage. The value of determined mobility of generated defects corresponds to the diffusion coefficient of vacancy -impurity complexes. These investigations of MFIPC of microstructure confirm that non-equilibrium defects reactions are limited by diffusion (in the absence of external electric field). It is shown that the corresponding diffusion coefficient is about 10−13 cm2s−1 and the magnitude of diffusion activation energy determined from these investigations is in the range 0.45–0.5 eV. This value is nearly the same as the diffusion coefficient of vacancy-impurity complex.

scholarly journals I. On the influence of temperature on the electric conducting power of metals

1862 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pure Metal ◽  
Great Accuracy ◽  
Great Care ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Electric Conducting ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Pure Metals ◽  
The Wire ◽  
First Time

The results obtained by different observers in their researches on the influence of temperature on the electric conducting power of metals do not agree at all together. The differences in their results may be partly owing to their not having tested pure metals, and partly to their not having taken into consideration the fact that, when a wire of a pure metal is heated for the first time to 100°C., an alteration in the conducting power of the wire is observed on its again being cooled; in fact, it is necessary to keep the wire for several days at 100° before its conducting power, on again being cooled, becomes constant. In the experiments we are about to detail we have taken great care to employ only pure metals, as well as a method and a disposition of the apparatus with which great accuracy could be obtained.

scholarly journals Visualization of an Accelerated Electrochemical Reaction under an Enhanced Electric Field

Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chen Cui ◽  
Rong Jin ◽  
Dechen Jiang ◽  
Jianrong Zhang ◽  
Junjie Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Electrochemical Reaction ◽  
Ruthenium Complex ◽  
Electron Transfer Mechanism ◽  
Heterogeneous Interfaces ◽  
Electrochemical Mechanism ◽  
High Electric Fields ◽  
First Time

Locally enhanced electric fields produced by high-curvature structures have been reported to boost the charge transport process and improve the relevant catalytic activity. However, no visual evidence has been achieved to support this new electrochemical mechanism. Here, accelerated electrochemiluminescence (ECL) reactions emitting light are visualized for the first time at the heterogeneous interfaces between microbowls and the supporting electrode surface. The simulation result shows that the electric intensity at the interface with a high curvature is 40-fold higher than that at the planar surface. Consequently, local high electric fields concentrate reactive species to the heterogeneous interfaces and efficiently promote the charge transport reactions, which directly leads to the enhancement of ECL emission surrounding the microbowls. Additionally, the potential to induce visual ECL from a ruthenium complex drops to 0.9 V, which further illustrates the promotion of an electrochemical reaction with the aid of an enhanced electric field. This important visualization of electric field boosted electrochemical reactions helps to establish the proposed electron transfer mechanism and provide an alternative strategy to improve electrocatalytic efficiency.

scholarly journals Surface-Integrated Electric Field Sensor for the Detection of High-Voltage Power Lines

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8327
Author(s):  
Gunbok Lee ◽  
Jeong-Yeon Kim ◽  
Gildong Kim ◽  
Jae Hee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Strong Electric Field ◽  
The Body ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Electric Field Sensor ◽  
Field Sensor ◽  
High Voltage Power Lines

When a drone is used for inspection of facilities, there are often cases in which high-voltage power lines interfere, resulting in the drone being caught or falling. To prevent this type of incident, drones must be capable of detecting high-voltage power lines. Typically, a strong electric field is formed around the high-voltage lines. To detect the electric fields around high-voltage lines, this study proposes an electric field sensor that may be integrated within the body of a drone. In a laboratory environment, a voltage of 25 kV was applied to an overhead line, and the induced voltage in the proposed sensor was measured at various electric field intensities. Over an electric field range of 0.5 to 10.1 kV/m, a voltage of 0 to 0.77 V was measured with each proposed sensor. In addition, the electric field and the voltage induced in the sensor were measured in a real-world railway environment with overhead lines. Under these conditions, the proposed sensor has the compensated value of 4.5 when the measured electric field was 4.05 kV/m. Therefore, the proposed sensor may be applied in drones to measure large electric fields and to detect the presence of high-voltage lines in its vicinity.

Transformation of Helically Structured Nanofibers into Linearly Oriented Nanofibers

2005 ◽  
Vol 888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon Jeong Kim ◽  
S. J. Park ◽  
S. K. Yoon ◽  
M. S. Kim ◽  
B. K. Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Linear Structures ◽  
Helical Structures ◽  
Simple Modification ◽  
One Dimensional

ABSTRACTHelical structures have been fabricated from a solution of poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid) (PAMPS) in water and ethanol by the whipping instability of a jet in a conventional electrospinning system. The simple modification of the electrospinning system involved introducing two parallel subelectrodes, which enabled the transformation of helical nanofibers into linearly oriented nanofibers due to the tensional forces caused by the modified electric field. This means that the tensional forces caused by the modified electric field had an important effect on linearizing the helical structures. Therefore, a technique using modified electric fields can play a significant role as an intermediary between helical structures and one-dimensional linear structures.

The influence of alternating current and direct current electric fields on the rheological behavior of electrorheological fluids with particles of the different crystalline structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-287
Author(s):  
Evguenia Korobko ◽  
Leonid Makhnach ◽  
Zoya Novikova ◽  
Inga Kharlamova ◽  
Katya Novik
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Rheological Behavior ◽  
Electrorheological Fluids ◽  
Dielectric Characteristics ◽  
Direct Current Electric Field ◽  
Alternating Electric Fields ◽  
Influence Of Temperature On ◽  
Current Electric Field

The rheological behavior of electrorheological fluids with dispersed fillers whose particles have different crystalline structures is investigated in direct and alternating electric fields. The dielectric characteristics of the materials were measured and the influence of the strength, frequency, and shape of the signal of electric field was investigated, and the influence of temperature on the shear stress in electrorheological fluids was estimated in direct current electric field.

Particle Structure Evolution in Micro Flow of Electrorheological Suspensions in Nonuniform Electric Fields

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kadaksham ◽  
J. Batton ◽  
P. Singh ◽  
N. Aubry
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Particle Interaction ◽  
Uniform Electric Field ◽  
Structure Evolution ◽  
Particle Structure ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Viscous Forces ◽  
Micro Flow ◽  
Electrorheological Suspensions

A modified version of the distributed Lagrange multiplier method (DLM) [11] is used to study the dynamics of particle scale structure in electrorheological (ER) liquids subjected to spatially non-uniform electric field (also see [7, 18]). The time duration in which the particles are collected, near the electric field magnitude minimums or maximums, depends on a parameter defined by the ratio of the dielectrophoretic and viscous forces. Another parameter defined by the ratio of the electrostatic particle-particle interaction and dielectrophoretic forces also influences the time duration in which the particles are collected, as when this parameter is greater than one the particles to organize in chains which decreases their speed. The numerical results agree qualitatively with experiments which show that when the electrostatic particle-particle forces dominate the particles form chains that collect near the electrode edges.

Photoelectronic properties of YBa2Cu3O6

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 512-517
Author(s):  
Bruno Ullrich ◽  
Ibrahim Kulaç ◽  
Harald Pint
Keyword(s):  
Band Structure ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Fair Agreement ◽  
Luminescence Properties ◽  
Tunneling Phenomena ◽  
High Electric Fields ◽  
First Time ◽  
Franz Keldysh Effect ◽  
Complex Manner

The photocurrent and luminescence properties of thin (1 μm) YBa2Cu3O6 films on sapphire at 77 and 300 K are reported. We demonstrate that the luminescence mechanism of YBa2Cu3O6 depends considerably on the wavelength of the excitation used. Completely different luminescence responses are observed with the 351 and 458 nm lines. A fair agreement, like that in semiconductors with band-to-band transitions, is found between photocurrent and luminescence excited by the 458 nm line. The influence of high electric fields (≤ 5 780 V cm−1) on the photocurrent and luminescence of YBa2Cu3O6 is investigated for the first time. Similar effects on photon-induced tunneling phenomena (Franz–Keldysh effect) are observed. However, we show that the observed effects cannot be explained by photon-induced tunneling phenomena only since the influence of an electric field on the band structure of YBa2Cu3O6 is not only restricted to a bending of bands but modifies the band structure in a more complex manner.

scholarly journals Electric field and air ion exposures near high voltage overhead power lines and adult cancers: a case control study across England and Wales

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i57-i66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille B Toledano ◽  
Gavin Shaddick ◽  
Kees de Hoogh ◽  
Daniela Fecht ◽  
Anna Freni Sterrantino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Ion Density ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Overhead Power Lines ◽  
Charged Ions

Abstract Background Various mechanisms have been postulated to explain how electric fields emitted by high voltage overhead power lines, and the charged ions they produce, might be associated with possible adult cancer risk, but this has not previously been systematically explored in large scale epidemiological research. Methods We investigated risks of adult cancers in relation to modelled air ion density (per cm3) within 600 m (focusing analysis on mouth, lung, respiratory), and calculated electric field within 25 m (focusing analysis on non-melanoma skin), of high voltage overhead power lines in England and Wales, 1974–2008. Results With adjustment for age, sex, deprivation and rurality, odds ratios (OR) in the highest fifth of net air ion density (0.504–1) compared with the lowest (0–0.1879) ranged from 0.94 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82–1.08] for mouth cancers to 1.03 (95% CI 0.97–1.09) for respiratory system cancers, with no trends in risk. The pattern of cancer risk was similar using corona ion estimates from an alternative model proposed by others. For keratinocyte carcinoma, adjusted OR in the highest (1.06–4.11 kV/m) compared with the lowest (<0.70 kV/m) thirds of electric field strength was 1.23 (95% CI 0.65–2.34), with no trend in risk. Conclusions Our results do not provide evidence to support hypotheses that air ion density or electric fields in the vicinity of power lines are associated with cancer risk in adults.

scholarly journals Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomers Filled with Rod-Like α-MnO2 Nanoparticles: An Interplay of Structure and Electrorheological Performance

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2810
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Agafonov ◽  
Anton S. Kraev ◽  
Anastasia A. Egorova ◽  
Alexander E. Baranchikov ◽  
Sergey A. Kozyukhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Relaxation Processes ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Filled Elastomers ◽  
Filled Elastomer ◽  
Mno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Storage And Loss Moduli ◽  
Rheological Effect ◽  
First Time

For the first time, electroactive nanocomposite elastomers based on polydimethylsiloxane and filled with rod-like α-MnO2 nanoparticles have been obtained. The curing of the filled elastomer in an electric field, resulting in the ordering of the α-MnO2 particles, had a significant effect on the degree of polymer crosslinking, as well as on the electrorheological characteristics of the nanocomposites obtained through this process, namely the values of the storage and loss moduli. The dielectric spectra of filled elastomers in the frequency range 25–106 Hz were analysed in terms of interfacial relaxation processes. It has been shown, for the first time, that the application of an electric field leads to a decrease in the value of the Payne effect in composite elastomers. Analysis of the rheological effect in the obtained materials has demonstrated the possibility of designing highly efficient electrorheological elastomers that change their elastic properties by 4.3 times in electric fields of up to 2 kV/mm.

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