scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on Corn Starch-Based Nanomaterials: Properties, Simulations, and Applications

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2161
Author(s):  
Chella Perumal Palanisamy ◽  
Bo Cui ◽  
Hongxia Zhang ◽  
Selvaraj Jayaraman ◽  
Gothandam Kodiveri Muthukaliannan
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alternative Materials

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the major food crops, and it is considered to be a very distinctive plant, since it is able to produce a large amount of the natural polymer of starch through its capacity to utilize large amounts of sunlight. Corn starch is used in a wide range of products and applications. In recent years, the use of nanotechnology for applications in the food industry has become more apparent; it has been used for protecting against biological and chemical deterioration, increasing bioavailability, and enhancing physical properties, among other functions. However, the high cost of nanotechnology can make it difficult for its application on a commercial scale. As a biodegradable natural polymer, corn starch is a great alternative for the production of nanomaterials. Therefore, the search for alternative materials to be used in nanotechnology has been studied. This review has discussed in detail the properties, simulations, and wide range of applications of corn starch-based nanomaterials.

scholarly journals Evaluation of inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.) through line × tester method

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-683
Author(s):  
MN Amin ◽  
M Amiruzzaman ◽  
A Ahmed ◽  
MR Ali
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Wide Range

Maize inbred lines were evaluated by using line × tester method involving 11 lines and 3 testers for grain yield and its components through estimation of general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) effects. Highly significant genotypic differences were observed indicated wide range of variability present among the genotypes. The crosses with high sca effect for grain yield were evolved from high × low general combiner parents which reveled additive × dominance type of gene action. The cross combinations 9MS4-1 × L22, 9MS4-1 × L486, 9MS4-2 × L431, 9MS4-11 × L486 and 9MS4- 15 × L431 with high positive sca effect having high mean values might be used for obtaining high yielding hybrids. The information on the nature of gene action with respective variety and characters might be used depending on the breeding objectives. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i4.22547 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(4): 675-683, December 2014

scholarly journals Karakteristik Fisik Edible Film Pati Jagung (Zea mays L) Termodifikasi Kitosan dan Gliserol

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Ihlana Nairfana ◽  
Muhammad Ramdhani
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Film Absorption

Edible film is a thin layer that is used as a substitute for synthetic plastic or used as a primary packaging of food product. Corn starch that is suspended with chitosan and glycerol is able to improve the quality of edible film. The purpose of this research is to determine the physical characteristics of edible film from modified corn starch. The concentrations of chitosan used were 15%, 20% and 25%, and glycerol were 30% and 40%. Physical characteristics of edible film observed were thickness, absorption, solubility and film degradation. The thickness of the film ranges between 0.06-0.14 mm. The best treatment for film absorption, solubility and degradability is obtained from the addition of 15% chitosan and 40% glycerol, whilst the lowest was from 25% chitosan and 30% glycerol. plastics, thickness, absorption, solubility 

scholarly journals Morpho-Molecular Identification, Pathogenicity Variation, Mating Biology, and Fumonisin Production of Fusarium Species in Zea mays L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-49
Author(s):  
Narges Atabaki ◽  
Vahid Rahjoo ◽  
Mohamed M. Hanafi ◽  
Rambod Abiri ◽  
Hamidreza Z. Zadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fusarium Proliferatum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Wide Range

Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium proliferatum cause a wide range of maize diseases.  These fungi produce dangerous mycotoxins, such as fumonisin B1, which are important threats to humans and animals. Given this predicament, the present study aimed to identify the fungi both molecular-morphologically and also investigate the pathogenicity variation and mating type of 41 Fusarium strains in maize (Zea mays L.) samples with sifting their fumonisin contents.  Furthermore, species-specific primers for the molecular identification of distinct strains amplified 2 fragments of 578 and 800 bp in Fusarium verticillioides, while a single 585 bp band was amplified in Fusarium proliferatum.  Accordingly, 24 isolates out of 41 were identified as F. verticillioides, and 13 isolates were identified as F. proliferatum.  The fumonisin-producing and non-producing Fusarium strains were identified using the VERTF-1/VERTF-2 primers.  A total of 24 isolates of F. verticillioides were positively scored based on the amplification of a single 400 bp fragment.  The highest and lowest fumonisin content, as measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), belonged to strains MS1 and MG3, respectively, and ranged from 960-12673 and 4.07-23 ppm, respectively.  Additionally, the mating type test showed that the sexual form of the studied Fusarium species could possibly belong to the A and D mating populations.  In vivo and in vitro pathogenicity tests revealed a high susceptibility.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of essential oil from Piper nigrum L. on some selected food crops as a potential herbicide in Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
S H Awojide ◽  
K A Oyewole ◽  
O O Abiona ◽  
A W Agbaje
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect

Phytotoxicity of the essential oil (EO) of Piper nigrum L. against Solanum lycopersicum L., Zea mays L. and Vigna unguiculata L. was studied. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil of P. nigrum shows that linalool (21.73 %) was the major component of the essential oil. The EO retarded the growth of the root and the shoot of S. lycopersicum, Z. mays and V. unguiculata. The inhibition of the root ranged from 64.8-82.8% after 120 hours with a concentration of 4 mL/L, while for the shoot, 100% inhibition was observed with 4 mL/L of the EO formulation after just 96 hours. The phytotoxic effect on the leaves was highest in V. unguiculata and least in S. lycopersicum. Phototoxicity was also observed when the EO formulations were applied to the root of the seedlings of Z. mays and V. unguiculata recorded 100% distress of the seedlings when 3 mL/L of the graded concentration was used after 24 hours. EO from P. nigrum is a potential bio-herbicide with a wide spectrum of use on plants.

scholarly journals Possibilities of selection and production of blue and ornamental corn (Zea mays L.)

2006 ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Bódi ◽  
Pál Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Industry Sector ◽  
Alternative Crops ◽  
Dent Corn ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
World Agriculture ◽  
Blue Corn

The cultivation of alternative crops has an important role in world agriculture. Their market share is continuously growing in the food industry sector. In the present study, we show the cultivation and breeding perspectives of ornamental and blue corn. There exists possibility to cultivate ornamental corn in Hungary. There are many cultivars of ornamental corn, with various kernel colors, husks, stalks and leave colors. Blue corn is unique among other corns. Blue corn higher in protein, iron and zinc than commercial dent corn. Pests affective ornamental and blue corn are the same as those of other commercial corns. Ornamental and blue corns need to be grown a minimum of 500 m away from commercial yellow dent corn to minimize any cross pollination which may result in off-color kernel. Our aim in the presentation of this review was to broaden Hungarian literature.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN HIDROLISIS ENZIMATIS DAN ASAM TERHADAP PATI JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays L.) DALAM PEMBUATAN GULA CAIR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
RTM Sutamihardja ◽  
Mia Azizah ◽  
Bekti Dwisepti Mafiana
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Alternative Sweetener

Comparison Hydrolisis of Enzymatic and Acid of  Sweet Corn Starch (Zea mays L.) in Liquid Sugar ProductionSweet corn starch (Zea mays L.) contains high carbohydrate that can be used for food and industrial purposes. Sweet corn starch can be used for liquid sugar as alternative sweetener by enzymatic or acid hydrolysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis was performed by treating the starch with alpha amylase for liquefaction and glucoamylase for saccharification, while acid hydrolysis was performed by mixing the starch with 1,0 N hydrochloric acid. According to the results, the yield of enzymatic hydrolysis is higher than acid hydrolysis. The highest yield of liquid sugar is 91,73% produced by enzymatic hydrolysis using alpha amylase 42µL and glucoamylase 42µL and 59,40% of reducing sugar. The yield of liquid sugar produced by acid hydrolysis using HCl 1,0 N is 78,55% and 31,48% of reducing sugar.Key words: Zea mays, starch, liquid sugar, hydrolisis of hydrochloric acid, hydrolisis of alpha amylase, hydrolisis of glucoamylaseABSTRAKPati jagung manis (Zea mays L.) mengandung karbohidrat cukup tinggi yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk bahan pangan dan industri. Pati jagung manis dapat diolah menjadi gula cair dan digunakan sebagai pemanis alternatif melalui hidrolisis pati baik secara enzimatis atau asam. Hidrolisis enzimatis melalui tahap likuifikasi menggunakan alfa amilase dan tahap sakarifikasi menggunakan glukoamilase. Hidrolisis asam dilakukan menggunakan asam klorida 0,1 N. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gula cair hasil hidrolisis enzimatis menghasilkan rendemen lebih tinggi dibandingkan hidrolisis asam. Rendemen gula cair paling tinggi dihasilkan pada proses hidrolisis enzimatis menggunakan alfa amilase 42µL dan glukoamilase 42µL sebesar 91,73% dengan nilai gula pereduksi sebesar 59,40%. Rendemen gula cair hidrolisis asam menggunakan HCl 1,0 N sebesar 78,55% dengan nilai gula pereduksi sebesar 31,48%.Kata kunci: Zea mays, pati, gula cair, hidrolisis HCl, hidrolisis enzim alfa-amilase, hidrolisis enzim glukoamilase

scholarly journals Effect of Critical Period of Weed Competition and Its Management Option in Sweet Corn [Zea mays (L.) var. saccharata strut] Production: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arebu Hussen
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Wide Range

Sweet corn [Zea mays (L.) var. saccharata strut] is the most important variety of maize with high sugar content. It contains a glossy sweetish endosperm and primarily grown for human food. It requires moderately high temperature from 22oC up to 33oC, high light intensity and adequate and well distributed rainfall of not less than 200mm during growing season. It can be grown on the wide range of soils. However, it performs best on neutral, well drained, well aerated and moderately heavy, deep fertile soils. Sweet corn is not so much competing with weeds like other crops. Avoid the influence of weed competition on the growth and development of sweet corn produce maximum yield and the economic importance of sweet corn used for conception and health benefits. By so far it is good in health and as medicinal uses it should be managed without affecting by weeds. The weed management option properly controls by the method of mechanical, biological, chemical and integrated weed management. In general, it is significant that properly controlling critical period weed competition in sweet corn reducing the competition of light, water, nutrient and space and maximizing the yield of sweet corn.

scholarly journals D2 statistical analysis of yield contributing traits in maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-634
Author(s):  
FMA Haydar ◽  
NK Paul ◽  
MA Khaleque
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
Range Of Variation

Investigation was carried out to determine the genetic divergence in the 25 maize inbred lines. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among all the inbreds. Inbreds were grouped into five clusters, indicating the presence of genetic diversity. The clusters I, IV and V had the highest number of inbreds (6). The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters I and III (19.279) and the highest intra-cluster distance was recorded in cluster III (0.243) and also wide range of variation was observed in cluster mean performance for the characters studied. Intercrossing among the inbreds belonging to clusters II and III was suggested to develop high yielding inbreds with desirable characters.

HERITABILITIES AND RELATIONSHIPS AMONG GRAIN-FILLING PERIOD, SEED WEIGHT AND QUALITY IN FORTY ITALIAN VARIETIES OF CORN (ZEA MAYS L.)

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. PERENZIN ◽  
F. FERRARI ◽  
M. MOTTO
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Grain Filling Period

Forty Italian open-pollinated varieties of corn (Zea mays L.), selected to represent a wide range of plant maturity and grain weight, were evaluated in 1977 and 1978 to determine genetic variances and heritabilities for length and rate of grain-filling period, kernel weight and three seed-quality traits and to examine relationships among these traits. The results showed highly significant genotypic differences and high heritability estimates for most of the traits studied. Moreover, kernel weight and rate of grain filling were found to be closely associated, although this relationship could not be statistically tested. A relatively high correlation was also detected between kernel weight and length of the grain-filling period. The increase in seed weight obtained through a delay in black-layer formation was associated with a higher grain moisture content and a decreased grain protein percentage. A further noteworthy finding of this study was the identification of two varieties which attained a large seed weight in a relatively short time through a very high rate of dry matter accumulation. The implications of these findings are discussed from a physiological and breeding point of view.

Influence de l'âge sur les caractéristiques photosynthétiques de la feuille de maïs, Zea mays L

Agronomie ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier BETHENOD ◽  
Christine JACOB ◽  
Jean-Claude RODE ◽  
Jean-François MOROT-GAUDRY
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L
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