scholarly journals Potential of Stimuli-Responsive In Situ Gel System for Sustained Ocular Drug Delivery: Recent Progress and Contemporary Research

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1340
Author(s):  
Manisha Pandey ◽  
Hira Choudhury ◽  
Azila binti Abd Aziz ◽  
Subrat Kumar Bhattamisra ◽  
Bapi Gorain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Ocular Drug Delivery ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
In Situ Gel ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
The World ◽  
Gel System

Eyesight is one of the most well-deserved blessings, amid all the five senses in the human body. It captures the raw signals from the outside world to create detailed visual images, granting the ability to witness and gain knowledge about the world. Eyes are exposed directly to the external environment; they are susceptible to the vicissitudes of diseases. The World Health Organization has predicted that the number of individuals affected by eye diseases will rise enormously in the next decades. However, the physical barriers of the eyes and the problems associated with conventional ocular formulations are significant challenges in ophthalmic drug development. This has generated the demand for a sustained ocular drug delivery system, which serves to deliver effective drug concentration at a reduced frequency for consistent therapeutic effect and better patient treatment adherence. Recent advancement in pharmaceutical dosage design has demonstrated that a stimuli-responsive in situ gel system exhibits the favorable characteristics for providing sustained ocular drug delivery and enhanced ocular bioavailability. Stimuli-responsive in situ gels undergo a phase transition (solution–gelation) in response to the ocular environmental temperature, pH, and ions. These stimuli transform the formulation into a gel at the cul de sac to overcome the shortcomings of conventional eye drops, such as rapid nasolacrimal drainage and short contact time with the ocular surface This review highlights the recent successful research outcomes of stimuli-responsive in situ gelling systems in treating in vivo models with glaucoma and various ocular infections. Additionally, it also presents the mechanism, recent development, and safety considerations of stimuli-sensitive in situ gel as the potential sustained ocular delivery system for treating common eye disorders.

Sustained Ocular Drug Delivery from a Temperature and pH Triggered Novel In Situ Gel System

Drug Delivery ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Gupta ◽  
Sanyog Jain ◽  
Rashi Mathur ◽  
Pushpa Mishra ◽  
Anil K. Mishra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Ocular Drug Delivery ◽  
In Situ Gel ◽  
Gel System

scholarly journals Ocular in situ gel: An overview

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 337-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmat Majeed ◽  
Nisar Ahmad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Ocular Drug Delivery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Drug Bioavailability ◽  
In Situ Gel ◽  
In Situ Gelling ◽  
Gel System

Eye is the most sensitive organ of the body. Designing of ocular drug delivery system is the  most challenging field for pharmaceutical scientists as less than 5% of administered drug enters the eye due to the complicated anatomical structure of the eye, small absorptive surface and low transparency of the cornea, lipophilicity of corneal epithelium, pre corneal loss (due to nasolacrimal drainage), bonding of the drug with proteins contained in tear fluid, blinking, low capacity of conjunctival sac, that restricts the entry of drug molecule at the site of action and ultimately leads to poor ocular therapy. To improve ophthalmic drug bioavailability, there are considerable efforts directed towards newer drug delivery systems for ophthalmic administration. These novel drug delivery systems offer manifold advantages over conventional systems as they increase the efficiency of drug delivery by improving the release profile and also reduce drug toxicity. A lot of research going on in this area proves the fact that in situ gelling systems can be beneficial in the ocular drug delivery. In situ gel forming systems are drug delivery systems that are in solution form before administration in the body but once administered, undergo  in situ gelation, to form a gel triggered by external stimulus such as temperature, pH etc.  This review is to Specify a brief summary about in situ gels, various approaches for in situ gelling systems, different types of polymers used in in situ gels, their mechanisms of gel formation and evaluation of polymeric in situ gel. Keywords: in situ gel, polymers, Temperature induced in situ gel system, pH induced in situ gel system, Ion activated systems.

scholarly journals A Novel Carbon Dots/Thermo-Sensitive In Situ Gel for a Composite Ocular Drug Delivery System: Characterization, Ex-Vivo Imaging and In Vivo Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 9934
Author(s):  
Lijie Wang ◽  
Hao Pan ◽  
Donghao Gu ◽  
Haowei Sun ◽  
Kai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ocular Drug Delivery ◽  
Ocular Tissues ◽  
In Situ Gel

We developed a potential composite ocular drug delivery system for the topical administration of diclofenac sodium (DS). The novel carbon dot CDC-HP was synthesized by the pyrolysis of hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan through a one-step hydrothermal method and then embedded in a thermosensitive in situ gel of poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188 through swelling loading. The physicochemical characteristics of these carbon dots were investigated. The results of the in vitro release test showed that this composite ocular drug delivery system (DS-CDC-HP-Gel) exhibited sustained release for 12 h. The study of the ex vivo fluorescence distribution in ocular tissues showed that it could be used for bioimaging and tracing in ocular tissues and prolong precorneal retention. Elimination profiles in tears corresponded to the study of ex vivo fluorescence imaging. The area under the curve of DS in the aqueous humor in the DS-CDC-HP-Gel group was 3.45-fold that in the DS eye drops group, indicating a longer precorneal retention time. DS-CDC-HP with a positive charge and combined with a thermosensitive in situ gel might strengthen adherence to the corneal surface and prolong the ocular surface retention time to improve the bioavailability. This composite ocular delivery system possesses potential applications in ocular imaging and drug delivery.

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)–chitosan as thermosensitive in situ gel-forming system for ocular drug delivery

2007 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanxia Cao ◽  
Can Zhang ◽  
Wenbin Shen ◽  
Zhihong Cheng ◽  
Liangli (Lucy) Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Ocular Drug Delivery ◽  
In Situ Gel

Benzoyl Peroxide In Situ Forming Antimicrobial Gel for Periodontitis Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 545 ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongjan Mahadlek ◽  
Juree Charoenteeraboon ◽  
Thawatchai Phaechamud
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
In Situ Gel ◽  
In Situ Forming ◽  
In Situ Forming Gel

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting structures of the tooth caused by bacterial infection which can result in tooth loss. The local intra-pocket drug delivery system was interesting and highly effective for periodontitis treatment. In situ forming gel system is the polymeric solution which could transform into gel for localizing and sustaining the drug release at desired site. This system has been recommended as one of suitable delivery system for this purpose. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) in situ forming gels were developed using Eudragit RS as polymer dispersed in N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP). Peppermint oil and polyethylene glycol 1500 were also incorporated as the excipients. The prepared systems were evaluated for rheology, syringeability (using texture analyzers), in situ gel formation (after injection into PBS pH 6.8), antimicrobial activity (against Streptococcus mutans with agar diffusion) and drug release (with dialysis method in PBS pH 6.8 at 50 rpm, 37 °C). The viscosity and syringeability of the prepared systems was increased as the amount of BPO, peppermint oil or PEG 1500 was increased. All prepared gels showed the Newtonian flow which the viscosity was decreased as the temperature was increased. All prepared gels comprising peppermint oil and PEG 1500 could form in situ gel in used medium which the pH was close to the environment pH of periodontal pocket. The inhibition zone against Streptococcus mutans of the prepared system was significantly decreased when the peppermint oil and PEG 1500 was incorporated owing to the higher viscous environment and thereafter retardation of drug diffusion was evident. This effect could prolong the drug release. From drug release test, all prepared gels could sustain the BPO release for at least 96 hrs. Release kinetic obtained from curve fitting with various release equations using least square fit technique indicated that the release patterns were as Higuchi’s model therefore the release of BPO was performed with diffusion control. This developed BPO in situ forming gel presented its ability as the controlled drug delivery system for localized antimicrobial activity at periodontal pocket.

scholarly journals Development and Characterization of 99mTc-timolol Maleate for Evaluating Efficacy of In Situ Ocular Drug Delivery System

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 540-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Gupta ◽  
M. Aqil ◽  
R. K. Khar ◽  
Asgar Ali ◽  
Aseem Bhatnagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Ocular Drug Delivery ◽  
Timolol Maleate
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