scholarly journals Plant-Based Tacca leontopetaloides Biopolymer Flocculant (TBPF) Produced High Removal of Turbidity, TSS, and Color for Leachate Treatment

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 527
Author(s):  
Nurul Shuhada Mohd Makhtar ◽  
Juferi Idris ◽  
Mohibah Musa ◽  
Yoshito Andou ◽  
Ku Halim Ku Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Human Use

Wastewater treatment is crucial to ensure a sustainable supply of clean water, especially for human use. Natural flocculants can overcome the disadvantages of chemical flocculants in wastewater treatment. This study proposes a new natural-based flocculant from the Tacca leontopetaloides plant for leachate treatment. The plant tuber was processed through gelatinization to produce Tacca leontopetaloides biopolymer flocculant (TBPF). The characterization of TBPF for flocculant properties was investigated, and the performance of TBPF on leachate treatment using a standard jar test procedure was examined at different pH values of leachate and TBPF dosages. The characteristics of TBPF in terms of amylose/amylopectin fraction, viscosity, and zeta potential were 26:74, 0.037–0.04 Pa·s, and −13.14 mV, respectively. The presence of –COOH and –OH structure in TBPF indicates the flocculant properties. TBPF reduced the turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), and color from 218 NTU, 214 mg/L, 14201 PtCo to 45.8–54.5 NTU, 19.3–19.9 mg/L, and 852–994 PtCo, respectively, using 240 mg/L of TBPF at pH 3. These results show a high potential of the new plant-based TBPF for leachate treatment and water industry applications.

Wastewater Treatment for Effluent Reuse: Lime-Induced Removal of Excreted Pathogens

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Gambrill ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
J. I. Oragui ◽  
S. A. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Effluent Reuse ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Crop Irrigation

High quality effluents suitable for crop irrigation can be produced by lime and Clarifloc treatment of raw domestic wastewater: in laboratory jar-test experiments the average percentage removals were 99.999 for faecal coliforms, 99 – 99.9 for salmonellae, 99.9 – 100 for total parasites and 99 – 99.9 percent for rotavirus. The average removals of COD and suspended solids were 79 – 87 and 97 percent respectively. Clarifloc treatment was marginally better than that achieved by lime.

Magnesium Induced Algal Flocculation in a Fluidized Bed

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 1695-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Elmaleh ◽  
J. Coma ◽  
A. Grasmick ◽  
L. Bourgade
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxidation Pond ◽  
Waste Sludge ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Solids Separation

The effectiveness of the use of seawater and of magnesium in the removal of microalgae from oxidation pond effluents was investigated using the jar test procedure. The results indicated that the major flocculating reaction is the magnesium hydroxide precipitation at pH 11.5. The next step was to intensify the liquid-solids separation by use of a fluidized bed flocculator packed with 800 µm inert resin particles provided with an inclined multitubular settler. The total suspended solids abatement could reach 95 % with a superficial upflow velocity of 30 m/h corresponding to a residence time through the whole unit of 5 minutes only. The energy requirement quantified by the pressure drop through the bed is very low. Besides, the waste sludge extracted from the settler is easily thickened.

scholarly journals Tannin and chemical-based agents for coagulation and flocculation of landfill leachate

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
Roselene Maria Schneider ◽  
Adriana Garcia do Amaral ◽  
Milene Carvalho Bongiovani ◽  
Ednaldo Antonio de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Humic Substances ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Coagulant Dosage

Effluents generated in landfills are difficult to treat and require different forms of treatment to reach the necessary polishing for disposal. Leachate is usually treated in stabilization ponds where pollutants are significantly removed, but it might not be enough for disposal. Thus, we aimed at evaluating the applicability of the natural coagulant Tanfloc SG and the chemical coagulant PAC, with the addition of the anionic flocculation auxiliary polymer (PA), in the coagulation / flocculation processes as a post-treatment of landfill effluents. The tests were carried out by means of a jar test, with coagulant dosage ranging from 0 - 1,250 mg.L-1 and pH values ranging from 5 - 9, in three decantation times. The results showed that both Tanfloc SG and PAC are efficient in clarifying the effluents, even though they act well in different dosage values of coagulants and pH. The polymer dosage did not generate significant improvements in the variations of the variables studied, however, in some experiments it was shown to expand removal range in regards to some variables. The PAC coagulant showed to be efficient in the removal of suspended solids, dissolved materials, colloidals and humic substances, and Tanfloc SG acted mainly in the removal of solids. 

scholarly journals Optimization of coagulation-flocculation process in the treatment of wastewater from the brick-manufacturing industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Oraeki ◽  
G. Skouteris ◽  
S. Ouki
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
The One ◽  
Solids Removal ◽  
Anionic Polyacrylamide

Abstract Brick manufacturing is a water-intensive industry that uses water, mainly potable, as a major raw material in its production process. It is therefore imperative that the wastewater generated by this industry is effectively treated for reutilization. There is limited study on how wastewater from the brick-manufacturing industry can be sustainably managed. Hence, this study was conducted to optimize treatment of wastewater generated by the brick manufacturing industry, employing coagulation-flocculation techniques. Commercially available flocculants, namely slightly anionic polyacrylamide (nPAM), anionic polyacrylamide (aPAM), cationic polyacrylamide (cPAM) and poly diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) were screened using the jar test procedure. The one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method was used to optimize the process. The nPAM gave optimal performance based on turbidity and suspended solids removal. Results of the evaluations showed an optimal dose of 0.8 mg L−1 at a pH range of 7.2–7.4 and mixing speed of 200 rpm for 5 minutes, followed by 50 rpm for 15 minutes. Both turbidity and total suspended solids removal was approximately 98% at the optimal condition. This study has demonstrated that optimized coagulation-flocculation can produce treated water of high quality that can be reused to reduce mains water consumption and hence contribute to the industry's sustainability.

Algal flocculation-sedimentation by pH increase in a continuous reactor

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yahi ◽  
S. Elmaleh ◽  
J. Coma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Continuous Reactor ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Ph Increase ◽  
Transfer Device

The effectiveness of microalgae flocculation by pH increase was investigated using the jar test procedure. The results indicated that pH values between 11.8 and 12 induced extensive flocculation without need of adding magnesium. pH was increased by sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide. In both cases, the total solids abatement was more than 95% producing sludge of excellent settleability and good mechanical resistance quantified by a destructive test. The next step was the operation of a continuous flocculator which might optionally be packed with granular sand or inert resin. It was shown that a fluidized bed or any other mechanical energy transfer device was not required to obtain more than 95% efficiency with a superficial upflow velocity of 30 m/h corresponding to a residence time through the whole unit of 5 minutes only.

Effect of Starch on the Flocculation and Settling Behaviour of Titanium Dioxide Suspensions

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-171
Author(s):  
S.N. Ray ◽  
C. Hsi ◽  
B.C. -Y. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Settling Velocity ◽  
Pollution Abatement ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Settling Behaviour ◽  
Dimensionless Function ◽  
Flocculation Rate

Abstract This study concerns the problem of removal of suspended solids from the effluent streams of paper mills by chemical treatment. As titanium dioxide is one of the ingredients used in paper mills and present in the effluent streams, its flocculation and settling behaviour were investigated. Jar test experiments were conducted using alum and organic polyelectrolyte as the flocculants. As starch is also used in the paper making process, its influence on the flocculation and settling behaviour of titanium dioxide was conducted with the concentration of starch varying between 0–3% of the dry solids. The experimental results on flocculation are expressed in terms of dimensionless function Gθϕ and flocculation rate constants. The fraction of solids settled is presented in terms of the settling velocity. Concentration of starch was found to have a significant influence. The amount of alum required could be reduced by 75% by using starch 0.6% of the amount of titanium dioxide in the suspension and at the same time improving the settling velocity two folds. A possible application of this finding in pollution abatement is discussed.

Methods for determining the settling velocity profiles of solids in storm sewage

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Aiguier ◽  
Ghassan Chebbo ◽  
Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski ◽  
Peter Hedges ◽  
Naomi Tyack
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Settling Velocity ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Velocity Profiles ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Settling Process ◽  
Settling Characteristics

Recently, research has shown that a settling process is an efficient treatment for the removal of suspended solids from storm sewage. In order to design settling tanks, there is a need to determine the settling velocity characteristics of these solids. Devices and test methods for measuring settling velocities of solids in storm sewage have been developed by researchers. A literature review has revealed that the settling velocity profiles obtained with some methods (Chebbo, 1992), (Michelbach and Wohrle, 1993) and (Tyack et al., 1993) are very different. In order to explain why the results are different and to quantify the influence of the experimental procedure on the settling velocity grading curves, we have compared the selected methods when tested with the same sample and we have studied the effects of the conservation of the sample before the test, of the concentration of solids in the device and of the nature of the water on the settling velocity profiles. The results of the comparative tests indicate that the settling velocities are significantly lower with both the Cergrene and Aston methods than with the UFT test procedure. Moreover, the study has shown that the settling characteristics of solids change with time, that the use of sewage liquor rather than demineralised water or drinking water can change the results of the measurement and that the higher the concentration of solids, the greater the velocity of settled particles.

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