scholarly journals Novel Methods Using an Arthrobacter sp. to Create Anaerobic Conditions for Biobutanol Production from Sweet Sorghum Juice by Clostridium beijerinckii

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Chalida Daengbussadee ◽  
Lakkana Laopaiboon ◽  
Anuphon Kaewmaneewat ◽  
Likit Sirisantimethakom ◽  
Pattana Laopaiboon
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clostridium Beijerinckii ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
Butanol Production ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Sweet Sorghum Juice

Biobutanol can be produced by Clostridia via an acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation under strictly anaerobic conditions. Oxygen-free nitrogen (OFN) gas is typically used to create anaerobic conditions for ABE fermentations. However, this method is not appropriate for large-scale fermentations as it is quite costly. The aim of this work was to study the feasibility of butanol production from sweet sorghum juice (SSJ) by Clostridium beijerinckii TISTR 1461 using various methods to create anaerobic conditions, i.e., growth of a strictly aerobic bacterium, an Arthrobacter sp., under different conditions and a chemical method using sodium dithionite (SDTN) to consume residual oxygen. SSJ containing 60 g/L of total sugar supplemented with 1.27 g/L of (NH4)2SO4 was used as a substrate for butanol production. The results showed that 0.25 mM SDTN could create anaerobic conditions, but in this case, C.beijerinckii TISTR 1461 could produce butanol at a concentration (PB) of only 8.51 g/L with a butanol productivity (QB) of 0.10 g/L·h. Arthrobacter sp. BCC 72131 could also be used to create anaerobic conditions. Mixed cultures of C.beijerinckii TISTR 1461 and Arthrobacter sp. BCC 72131 created anaerobic conditions by inoculating the C.beijerinckii 4 h after Arthrobacter. This gave a PB of 10.39 g/L with a QB of 0.20 g/L·h. Comparing butanol production with the control treatment (using OFN gas to create anaerobic conditions, yielding a PB of 9.88 g/L and QB of 0.21 g/L·h) indicated that using Arthrobacter sp. BCC 72131 was an appropriate procedure for creating anaerobic conditions for high levels of butanol production by C. beijerinckii TISTR 1461 from a SSJ medium.

Improvement of butanol production from sweet sorghum juice by Clostridium beijerinckii using an orthogonal array design

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Likit Sirisantimethakom ◽  
Lakkana Laopaiboon ◽  
Patthranit Sanchanda ◽  
Jetnipit Chatleudmongkol ◽  
Pattana Laopaiboon
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Array ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Clostridium Beijerinckii ◽  
Butanol Production ◽  
Orthogonal Array Design ◽  
Array Design ◽  
Sweet Sorghum Juice

scholarly journals Evaluation of biobutanol production by Clostridium beijerinckii NRRL B-592 using sweet sorghum as carbon source

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1707-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Jardel Visioli ◽  
Eliana Albornoz Alves ◽  
Aline Trindade ◽  
Raquel Cristine Kuhn ◽  
Marcio Schwaab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Clostridium Beijerinckii ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Sweet Sorghum Juice ◽  
Operational Variables ◽  
Initial Ph

<p>In this research it was evaluated the production of biobutanol by<bold> Clostridium beijerinckii</bold>NRRL B-592 using sweet sorghum juice as carbon source. Operational variables, like pH and initial inoculum size, as well as supplementation of industrial media with yeast extract and tryptone, were evaluated. The maximum butanol obtained was 2.12g kg<sup>-1</sup> using 12.5% of inoculum size, 0.05g 100mL<sup>-1</sup> of tryptone and 0.1g 100mL<sup>-1</sup> of yeast extract and initial pH of 5.5. The main contribution of this research was to show a systematic procedure for development of a low cost industrial media for biobutanol production from sweet sorghum.</p>

scholarly journals Identification of Virulence Determinants for Endocarditis in Streptococcus sanguinis by Signature-Tagged Mutagenesis

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 6064-6074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehmi Paik ◽  
Lauren Senty ◽  
Sankar Das ◽  
Jody C. Noe ◽  
Cindy L. Munro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Ribonucleotide Reductase ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Strictly Anaerobic ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguinis ◽  
Competitive Index ◽  
Homoserine Kinase

ABSTRACT Streptococcus sanguinis is a gram-positive, facultative anaerobe and a normal inhabitant of the human oral cavity. It is also one of the most common agents of infective endocarditis, a serious endovascular infection. To identify virulence factors for infective endocarditis, signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM) was applied to the SK36 strain of S. sanguinis, whose genome is being sequenced. STM allows the large-scale creation, in vivo screening, and recovery of a series of mutants with altered virulence. Screening of 800 mutants by STM identified 38 putative avirulent and 5 putative hypervirulent mutants. Subsequent molecular analysis of a subset of these mutants identified genes encoding undecaprenol kinase, homoserine kinase, anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase, adenylosuccinate lyase, and a hypothetical protein. Virulence reductions ranging from 2-to 150-fold were confirmed by competitive index assays. One putatively hypervirulent strain with a transposon insertion in an intergenic region was identified, though increased virulence was not confirmed in competitive index assays. All mutants grew comparably to SK36 in aerobic broth culture except for the homoserine kinase mutant. Growth of this mutant was restored by the addition of threonine to the medium. Mutants containing an insertion or in-frame deletion in the anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase gene failed to grow under strictly anaerobic conditions. The results suggest that housekeeping functions such as cell wall synthesis, amino acid and nucleic acid synthesis, and the ability to survive under anaerobic conditions are important virulence factors in S. sanguinis endocarditis.

Case Study: Commercialization of Sweet Sorghum Juice Clarification for Large-Scale Syrup Manufacture

Sugar Tech ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Eggleston ◽  
Matthew Heckemeyer ◽  
Eldwin St. Cyr ◽  
Lynda Wartelle
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Juice Clarification ◽  
Sweet Sorghum Juice

Isopropanol-butanol production from sugarcane and sugarcane-sweet sorghum juices by Clostridium beijerinckii DSM 6423

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 105331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloísa Rochón ◽  
Florencia Cebreiros ◽  
Mario Daniel Ferrari ◽  
Claudia Lareo
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Clostridium Beijerinckii ◽  
Butanol Production

Halopeptonella vilamensis gen. nov, sp. nov., a halophilic strictly aerobic bacterium of the family Ectothiorhodospiraceae

Extremophiles ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Javier Menes ◽  
Claudia Elizabeth Viera ◽  
María Eugenia Farías ◽  
Manfredo J. Seufferheld
Keyword(s):  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Aerobic Bacterium ◽  
The Family

Statistical methods for unidirectional switch designs: Past, present, and future

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 2872-2882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuozhao Zhan ◽  
Geertruida H de Bock ◽  
Edwin R van den Heuvel
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
New Treatment

Clinical trials may apply or use a sequential introduction of a new treatment to determine its efficacy or effectiveness with respect to a control treatment. The reasons for choosing a particular switch design have different origins. For instance, they may be implemented for ethical or logistic reasons or for studying disease-modifying effects. Large-scale pragmatic trials with complex interventions often use stepped wedge designs (SWDs), where all participants start at the control group, and during the trial, the control treatment is switched to the new intervention at different moments. They typically use cross-sectional data and cluster randomization. On the other hand, new drugs for inhibition of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease typically use delayed start designs (DSDs). Here, participants start in a parallel group design and at a certain moment in the trial, (part of) the control group switches to the new treatment. The studies are longitudinal in nature, and individuals are being randomized. Statistical methods for these unidirectional switch designs (USD) are quite complex and incomparable, and they have been developed by various authors under different terminologies, model specifications, and assumptions. This imposes unnecessary barriers for researchers to compare results or choose the most appropriate method for their own needs. This paper provides an overview of past and current statistical developments for the USDs (SWD and DSD). All designs are formulated in a unified framework of treatment patterns to make comparisons between switch designs easier. The focus is primarily on statistical models, methods of estimation, sample size calculation, and optimal designs for estimation of the treatment effect. Other relevant open issues are being discussed as well to provide suggestions for future research in USDs.

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