scholarly journals Reuse of Urban Soils as Earthworks Material: Geotechnical and Environmental Specifications

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Lenoir
Keyword(s):  
Urban Soils ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Crucial Problem ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
Resource Shortage

In the context of urban extension, the depletion of natural resources for construction constitutes a crucial issue. Specifically, in the field of earthworks, the amounts of materials can be massive and pose the crucial problem of resource shortage. Therefore, the reuse of excavated urban soils from foundation layers as new earthwork construction materials appears to be a sustainable and promising solution. Two questions are thus asked: (1) Are urban soils relevant from a geotechnical point of view? (2) Are they relevant from an environmental point of view? To answer those issues, two urban soils from the suburb of Paris (France) have been studied. Geotechnical approach and environmental approach exhibit that both soils have common features. Specifically, they are bearer of several pollutant phases like metals, organic carbon and sulphates. Interestingly, those materials, when treated with few percent of hydraulic binders reach required mechanical performances for a use in road structure despite the occurrence of pollutants that are known to have deleterious effects on soil stabilization with lime and cements. However, even if permeability of materials is reduced when they are treated with cement, leaching tests under neutral pH (7) and alkaline pH (12) show, that treatment could have inhibitor effects or activating effects on pollutants release.

The interpreters’ point of view on ELF at the European Commission: “A completely uneven playing field”

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-215
Author(s):  
Cristina Scardulla
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Successful Communication ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Communicative Effectiveness

AbstractThe use of English as a Lingua Franca is a promising solution to the overcoming of language barriers in a wide variety of contexts and, despite being formally governed by the principle of multilingualism, the European institutions are no exception. This paper aims at shedding light on the perception on the use of ELF within the European Commission, by presenting the results of a questionnaire carried out within the framework of a broader PhD project. The target population is that of interpreters working for the European Commission. The analysis focuses on two specific questions, which address interpreters in their role as communication experts, inviting them to momentarily set aside their opinion on the relationship between ELF and interpretation and rather assess ELF in terms of “communicative effectiveness,” considered as an essential component to a successful communication. Results confirm previous ITELF (Interpreting, Translation and English as a Lingua Franca) studies, in that interpreters believe that ELF tends to decrease the level of communicative effectiveness and that, based on their direct experience, less than half of the speakers in these meetings succeed at expressing themselves effectively when using ELF. Most importantly, they elaborate on what this loss of effectiveness entails in terms of communication quality, interlocutors’ participation rights and multilingualism.

scholarly journals Implementation of BIM Modelling and Simulation Tools in Reducing Annual Energy Consumption of Multifamily Dwellings

2020 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 01002
Author(s):  
Subbarao Yarramsetty ◽  
MVN Siva Kumar ◽  
P Anand Raj
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy Simulation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rotational Angle ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Efficient Option

In current research, building modelling and energy simulation tools were used to analyse and estimate the energy use of dwellings in order to reduce the annual energy use in multifamily dwellings. A three-story residential building located in Kabul city was modelled in Revit and all required parameters for running energy simulation were set. A Total of 126 experiments were conducted to estimate annual energy loads of the building. Different combinations from various components such as walls, roofs, floors, doors, and windows were created and simulated. Ultimately, the most energy efficient option in the context of Afghan dwellings was figured out. The building components consist of different locally available construction materials currently used in buildings in Afghanistan. Furthermore, the best energy efficient option was simulated by varying, building orientation in 15-degree increments and glazing area from 10% to 60% to find the most energy efficient combination. It was found that combination No. 48 was best option from energy conservation point of view and 120-degree rotational angle from north to east, of the existing building was the most energy-efficient option. Also, it was observed that 60% glazing area model consumed 24549 kWh more electricity compared to the one with 10% glazing area.

Preparation of Alternative Hydraulic Binder Based on Secondary Raw Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Jiří Švec ◽  
Tomáš Opravil ◽  
Jiří Másilko
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydraulic Lime ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
Massive Scale

Reusing and recycling of secondary raw materials from high-volume industrial productions (especially form construction materials and binders fabrications) is very important way of conserving environment and it is also interesting from the economical point of view. The production of common hydraulic binders, especially Portland cement, burdens the environment with considerable amount of combustion gases and consumes energy in massive scale. Alternative (low – energy) binder can be used as Portland cement substitution in applications with lower mechanical properties requirements. Mined limestone wash sediments contain large amount of clay components, but there is also indispensable share of fine calcite. This composition makes these sediments a promising material for the preparation of hydraulic binders as Roman cement or hydraulic lime.

Demolition Versus Deconstruction: Impacts of Fenestration Disposal in Building Renovation Projects

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Soofia Tahira Elias-Ozkan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Resource Conservation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Similar Construction ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Material Energy

This paper presents findings of a comparative study on the removal and disposal of fenestration units in two separate buildings, belonging to the same period and built with similar construction materials. Demolition techniques were used for removing the fenestration units from a building that was undergoing refurbishment; while, deconstruction techniques were used for dismantling similar units from another building that was being selectively demolished. It was concluded that the amount of energy consumed, time taken and waste generated, were far greater, and the revenues much lower, when conventional demolition techniques and tools were used. Hence, from the point of view of resource conservation (material, energy, time, and money) deconstruction was found to be more advantageous in the disposal of reusable building components.

scholarly journals SELECTION OF WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY FOR TRACKING CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS USING A FUZZY DECISION MODEL / BELAIDŽIO RYŠIO TECHNOLOGIJŲ ATRANKA STATYBINĖMS MEDŽIAGOMS STEBĖTI, TAIKANT NEAPIBRĖŽTŲJŲ AIBIŲ SPRENDIMO MODELĮ

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Jiang ◽  
Won-Suk Jang ◽  
Mirosław J. Skibniewski
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wireless Technologies ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Model ◽  
Specific Technology ◽  
Selection Of

As the size and scale of construction projects increase, inefficiencies related to the manual operations about field data in current tracking systems are becoming an important issue. While emerging wireless technologies are providing a feasible vision of ubiquitous computing and sensor networks applicable to the large-scale construction industry, it has become even harder to select a suitable technology for tracking construction materials because of the differing functionalities, capabilities, and scope of application of the specific technology. This research proposes a multi-criteria decision-making model that leverages the decision process in choosing various wireless technologies available on the market. To justify the selection of a specific technology, a fuzzy method was adopted to provide an appropriate way to decide among five alternatives (e.g., RFID, GPS, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, and UWB). Fuzzy ranking was obtained from the aggregated fuzzy appropriate index (FAI) based on a person's point of view (optimist, pessimist, or neutral). The results showed that Wi-Fi might be a suitable solution for optimists and neutral persons, but UWB might be the better alternative for pessimists. The results of this research may assist construction engineers in applying reasonable decision-making procedures in a fuzzy environment such as construction sites, and rank the relative importance of the various criteria and alternatives specified in this research. Santrauka Augant statybos projektų mastui, rankinis dabartinių stebejimo sistemų duomenų apdorojimo neefektyvumas tampa svarbia problema. Nors naujos belaidžio ryšio technologijos gali sudaryti galimybę įvesti visur prieinamus kompiuterinius ir jutiklių tinklus, naudojamus plataus masto statybos pramonėje, tampa vis sudėtingiau pasirinkti tinkamas technologijas statybinėms medžiagoms stebėti, nes kiekviena technologija atlieka skirtingas funkcijas, skiriasi jų galimybės ir taikymo apimtis. Šiame tyrime siūlomas daugiakriterinis sprendimų priėmimo modelis, kuris, sprendimų priėmimo procesą pasirenkant rinkoje, siūlomas belaidžio ryšio technologijas išskaido į atskirus lygius. Siekiant pagrįsti tam tikros technologijos pasirinkimą, buvo pritaikytas neapibrežtųjų aibių metodas, pasirenkant geriausią technologiją iš penkių alternatyvų (t. y. RFID, GPS, Wi-Fi, Zigbee ir UWB technologijų). Neapibrežtumo rangas buvo gautas taikant agreguotą neapibrežtumo tinkamumo indeksą (FAI), atsižvelgiant į asmens požiūrį (optimistinis, pesimistinis ar neutralus). Gauti rezultatai parodė, kad Wi-Fi technologija yra tinkama optimistams ir neutraliems asmenims, o UWB technologija būtų geresnė alternatyva pesimistams. Šio tyrimo rezultatai gali padėti statybos inžinieriams priimti pagrįstus sprendimus neapibrėžtoje aplinkoje, tokioje kaip statybos aikštelės, ir suranguoti pagal svarbą įvairius kriterijus bei aptartas šiame tyrime alternatyvas.

scholarly journals The Position of Heterodox Economics in Economic Science

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-290
Author(s):  
Eleonóra Matoušková
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Austrian School ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Heterodox Economics ◽  
Homo Economicus ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Theoretical Approaches

In economic science dominate orthodox economics (mainstream economics respectively neoclassical economics). Despite its numerous intellectual failures, orthodox economics continue to prevail in teaching at universities. A certain alternative to orthodox economics is heterodox economics, which consists of three groups of theoretical approaches, represented by the Left-wing heterodoxy and Neo-Austrian school (we include them together in the Old heterodoxy) and the New heterodoxy. The objective of this article is to define the differences between orthodox economics and heterodox economics, to find common features of individual heterodox approaches and identify substantial differences between them and also highlight the relevance of these heterodox approaches from the point of view of the challenges we are facing today. A common characteristic of heterodoxy is the rejection of orthodoxy, especially its research methods. Heterodox economists reject the axiom that individuals are always rational, the concept of ‘homo economicus’, the application of a formal-deductive approach, the use of mathematical methods in cases that are not appropriate for this, and access from a closed system position. Heterodoxy is a very diverse theoretical tradition, and there are differences not only between the Left-wing heterodoxy, Neo-Austrian school and New heterodoxy, but also within these heterodox groups. They differ on specific topics they deal with and proposed solutions to socio-economic problems.

scholarly journals A Statistical Approach to Describe the Ripening Evolution of Sangiovese Grapes Coming from Different Chianti Classico Sub-Areas

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2292
Author(s):  
Alessandro Bianchi ◽  
Isabella Taglieri ◽  
Verdiana Rimbotti Antinori ◽  
Fabrizio Palla ◽  
Monica Macaluso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Different Characteristics

In Italy, Chianti Classico identifies a territory located in the heart of Tuscany that was once known as Chianti. From the pedological point of view, the entire DOCG (Denomination of controlled and guaranteed origin) has some common features but also shows many specific features related to certain small areas that give rise to the presence of many “terroirs”. Due to the intertwining created by the alternation of valleys and hills and the different characteristics of the territory, factors such as altitude and exposure play a very important role in the vegetative and productive expression of grapes. Some production areas were identified within the appellation where it is argued that the terroir and the grapes are quite distinct from those of other surrounding areas, albeit within the Chianti Classico appellation. On the basis of this information and considering that no data are available in the literature, the present study proposed an innovative multidisciplinary approach (analytical and statistical) that was capable of carrying out an objective evaluation of the various sub-areas investigated, using Sangiovese grapes as the variety in question. This research took into account the climatic results and the different pedological characteristics, evaluating the evolutionary phenomena that were linked to the ripening of the grapes in each phase of its formation.

scholarly journals ДО ПРОБЛЕМИ ГАЛУЗЕВОЇ НАЛЕЖНОСТІ ДОГОВОРУ АУТСТАФІНГУ

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Ю. А. Тобота
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Legal Institution ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Private And Public

In the article an author made an attempt to research branch belonging of the outstaffing agreement which is new legal institution for national judicial system and enforcement practices. Making the research the author used developments made by another national scientists whose scientific interests connected with outstaffing agreement. By the author’s point of view this type of agreements containes private and public elements and is complex agreement. An attempt of determining juridical nature of this agreement is made. Common features and differences between outstaffing agreement, civil and labour agreements were determined and some recommendations about legislative modifications were proposed.

Interaction Design Principles for Web Emergency Management Information Systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 113-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Onorati ◽  
Alessio Malizia ◽  
Paloma Díaz ◽  
Ignacio Aedo
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Interaction Design ◽  
Management Information Systems ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Management Information ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Task List

The interaction design for web emergency management information systems (WEMIS) is an important aspect to keep in mind due to the criticality of the domain: decision making, updating available resources, defining a task list, and trusting in proposed information. A common interaction design strategy for WEMIS seems to be needed, but currently there are few references in literature. The aim of this study is to contribute to this lack with a set of interactive principles for WEMIS. From the emergency point of view, existing WEMIS have been analyzed to extract common features and to design interactive principles for emergency. Furthermore, the authors studied design principles extracted from a well-known (DERMIS) model relating them to emergency phases and features. The result proposed here is a set of design principles for supporting interactive properties for WEMIS. Finally, two case studies have been considered as applications of proposed design principles.

Environmental Analysis of Construction Materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysem Berrin Cakmakli
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Environmental Product Declarations ◽  
Environmental Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Construction Activity ◽  
Combustion Pollutants

There is a growing universal awareness of protecting the living and non-living environment and making enlightened decisions to achieve a sustainable development without destruction of the natural resources. In this point of view, selecting building materials according to their energy and health performances gains importance in sustainable design. 3Rs (reducing, reusing, recycling), and supplying a healthy, non-hazardous indoor air for building occupants are two important parameters of environmental life-cycle assessment for materials. Information on exposure to gases and vapors from synthetic materials made from petrochemicals, to heavy metals and pesticides, and to some combustion pollutants that cause acid rain should be determined by analyzing environmental product declarations or material specifications. After studying on building materials individually, they are analyzed in the form of tables for four different stages; manufacturing, application, usage, demolition phase. Consequently, this chapter can guide the designer and engineer to think on the elements of design and construction activity.

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