A Review on Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Concrete by using Rise husk ash and hydrated lime

Concrete is a commonly used construction material all over the globe. Environmentally conscious construction is essential in today’s society. By using the proper materials, we may achieve long-term construction. RHA is often used as a cementitious product replacement, and in such cases, we may mix RHA with hydrated lime. Many research has been conducted on RHA, and they all indicate that it outperforms other kinds of concrete. The importance of rice husk ash in construction and its applications are the subject of this essay. Many studies have been undertaken to identify appropriate replacements for cement in concrete mixes to reduce our over-reliance on cement as a component in concrete production owing to its contribution to CO2 emissions. This article examined the research on the usage of fly ash and rice husk ash as partial concrete replacements and the chemical composition of these materials, and their impact on concrete compressive strength. The mix was created using a logical approach in which solid components were set, and water and superplasticizer content were modified to get the best viscosity and flowability. Rice husk ash (RHA) is a rice milling byproduct. Its usage as a soil stabilizer provides an environmentally friendly alternative to ultimate disposal. Because RHA is not self-cementitious, a hydraulic binder, such as lime, must be added to create cement types to strengthen the soil. In sandy soils, studies on stabilization using RHA and lime mixtures were carried out. RHA of rice husk incineration in ordinary ovens with no temperature control and laboratory burning at regulated temperatures were utilized. In soil mixes with varying RHA and lime concentrations, cementitious compounds were found to develop. Soils treated with RHA and lime underwent unconfined compression strength testing. All RHA and lime concentrations and periods tested showed strength gains, and all materials created were changed rather than stabilized. The use of RHA to improve sandy soils offers environmental, social, and economic advantages as an alternative to ultimate disposal.

A Review on Mechanical Properties of Sustainable Concrete by using Rise husk ash and hydrated lime

Concrete is a commonly used construction material all over the globe. Environmentally conscious construction is essential in today's society. By using the proper materials, we may achieve long-term construction. RHA is often used as a cementitious product replacement, and in such cases, we may mix RHA with hydrated lime. Many research has been conducted on RHA, and they all indicate that it outperforms other kinds of concrete. The importance of rice husk ash in construction and its applications are the subject of this essay. Many studies have been undertaken to identify appropriate replacements for cement in concrete mixes to reduce our over-reliance on cement as a component in concrete production owing to its contribution to CO2 emissions. This article examined the research on the usage of fly ash and rice husk ash as partial concrete replacements and the chemical composition of these materials, and their impact on concrete compressive strength. The mix was created using a logical approach in which solid components were set, and water and superplasticizer content were modified to get the best viscosity and flowability. Rice husk ash (RHA) is a rice milling byproduct. Its usage as a soil stabilizer provides an environmentally friendly alternative to ultimate disposal. Because RHA is not self-cementitious, a hydraulic binder, such as lime, must be added to create cement types to strengthen the soil. In sandy soils, studies on stabilization using RHA and lime mixtures were carried out. RHA of rice husk incineration in ordinary ovens with no temperature control and laboratory burning at regulated temperatures were utilized. In soil mixes with varying RHA and lime concentrations, cementitious compounds were found to develop. Soils treated with RHA and lime underwent unconfined compression strength testing. All RHA and lime concentrations and periods tested showed strength gains, and all materials created were changed rather than stabilized. The use of RHA to improve sandy soils offers environmental, social, and economic advantages as an alternative to ultimate disposal

Construction Of Economical Pavement Structures With Wood Ash

Stabilized mixes that are used in pavement structures are composed of aggregate bound with hydraulic binders (cement, lime) or bitumen. The most commonly used for the construction of base layers are mixes stabilized with cement. A long-standing construction practice for pavement structures was based on the use of quality granular materials for the construction of base layers. However, when designing the pavement structure and selecting materials, economy, sustainability, and environmental impact, in addition to their mechanical properties, should also be considered. Clear requirements and guidelines for sustainable development have imposed the need to explore the possibility of using non-standard materials in construction. Wood ash, which is formed as a residue from the combustion of biomass in the production of electricity and heat, is one of the newer and, in Croatia, less researched alternative materials that can be applied in construction. The paper describes compressive strength tests of mixtures of sand from the Drava River and cyclone wood ash stabilized with various contents of cement. The obtained results showed that with wood fly ash (in a content of 30 % mass.) in the stabilization mixture of sand, values of compressive strengths can be achieved within the required limits necessary for the construction of base layers of the pavement structure stabilized by a hydraulic binder.

Lime-based mortars with various binder composition: characterization and freeze-thaw resistance assessment

The study focused on lime mortars with different lime binder types regarding the frost attack effects on their microstructure and mechanical characteristics. The performances of studied mortars in hardened state was significantly influenced by the amount of mixing water and by curing conditions. Inhomogeneous microstructure was observed inside the 360 days old specimens with dimensions 40 × 40 × 160 mm in the case of all lime mortars types. The different state of the binder hardening with respect to various distances from the specimen surface and the different behaviour of matured outer part and immature inner part of lime mortar specimens influenced performed tests and reflected in all results. After 10 and 20 freeze cycles, respectively, the compressive strength of all lime mortar specimens with the hydraulic binder component increased, indicating a beneficial effect of the water on the hydration previously unreacted hydraulic binders. On the other hand, the flexural strength of the frost-aged specimens decreased significantly, indicating the drastic procedure of the test performed concerning lime mortars characteristics, especially when the pure air lime binder was used. Improvement of the testing procedure especially for lime mortars, which are characterized by slow hardening, was recommended.

Modified Red Muds and Slag Based Hydraulic Binders for Zn Removal: A Matrix-Spiking Approach Applied on Clayey Sediments

Dredging sediments can be implemented as primary resources in several civil engineering applications, on the condition that the release of anthropogenic compounds meets environmental requirements. The remediation of sedimentary wastes constitutes therefore, a key step before valorization consideration in circular economy schemes. This study focused on Zn removal from clayey river sediments dredged in northern France (Lille, Saint-Omer and Aire-Sur-La Lys) using a Thermo-Evolved Red Mud (TERM) and a Slag Based Hydraulic Binder (SBHB). The first step consisted in investigating Zn-trapping mechanisms prior to TERM and SBHB application as Zn-stabilizers. Results underlined poorer metal retention within the most organic sediment (high fatty acids and polycyclic aromatic molecules concentrations), emphasizing the minor role of the organic fraction typology during Zn-trapping. The pollutant displayed its best binding yields within the sediment with the highest interstitial pH and specific areas, which stressed out the preponderant influence of alkalinization ability and particles size distribution. In a second step, the spiked sediments were treated with TERM and SBHB, which resulted in a substantial lowering of Zn release at 12% of stabilizer/sediment ratio. Even though the organic content role was not preeminent during the pollutant trapping, it appeared here influential as delays in removal efficiencies were observed for the most endowed sediment. Two preferential geochemical pathways were adopted during the remediation operations with significant promotive roles of basic background pH. Indeed, Zn removal with TERM consisted mainly in sorptive mechanisms involving exchanges with Ca and Mg ions, whereas binding onto SBHB was principally achieved through precipitation phenomena.

Comparison Of Concrete Using Portland Composite Cement And Ordinary Portland Cement

Cement is the basic material for making concrete that can be used as a hydraulic binder. There are various types of cement including OPC and PCC cement. The problem now is that there is no technical data that can be used as a reference in determining the proportion of the mixture. Examples of cement are obtained from the same factory. namely PT. Semen Tonasa, South Sulawesi with an amount of 78.96 kg of cement for each type of cement. From the results of laboratory tests, it was found that the data on the comparison of concrete using OPC and PCC cements had different data on the of OPC cement is 3.726 Mpa and PCC cement is 3.223 Mpa and for testing the modulus of elasticity of OPC cement is 19371.316 Mpa and PCC cement is 17579.182 Mpa. The test results have met the standard for structural concrete with the same water-cement factor.

Steelmaking Slag - A Complex Material for the Production of Small-Size Materials Using Hyper-Press Technology

The solution to the problem of large industrial cities with a developed metallurgical industry is the creation of environmentally friendly conditions for the life of the population through the disposal of industrial waste. The studies carried out have shown that the developed technology makes it possible to widely use steel-making slags and carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere in the production of small-piece wall stones with high operational properties. It is shown that only slag is required to obtain wall material without the use of a hydraulic binder.

Glass Cullet as Additive to New Sustainable Composites Based on Alumina Binder

The article investigated the possibility of reusing heat resistant glass cullet to improve the mechanical properties of high-temperature composites. This is an excellent recycled aggregate that may be used as a substitute for alumina cement, and for fine natural aggregate in the production of concrete based on hydraulic binder. The experimental programme comprised of strength testing conducted on 40 × 40 × 160 mm cuboidal samples. The model mixture was modified by filler that comprised glass recyclate, amounting to 5%, 10%, and 15% of the mass of gravel and cement. Given the degree of glass grounding, use was made of two fractions, 0/4 and 0/0.125 mm. Six modified mixtures were produced. Tests were then carried out on their selected physical and mechanical properties as well as the impact of temperature, topography, and chemical composition exerted on the composite. Next, the progress and development of compressive strength and flexural strength after 14 and 28 days of curing were studied. Results showed that concrete with a 5% content of glass dust had a maximum compressive strength at the level of 85.1 MPa. Results also showed that concrete (Zk.I.5) heated at a temperature of 500 °C had a 46% higher compressive strength when compared to basic concrete (Z.I.0). The results show that it is possible to use the described components to obtain a composite that meets requirements imposed on structural materials used in construction engineering.