scholarly journals Rescheduling of Wet Season (T. Aman) Rice Planting for Cropping Intensification in Coastal Bangladesh

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Maniruzzaman ◽  
Mainuddin ◽  
Bell ◽  
Biswas ◽  
Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
Crop Intensification ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Climate Vulnerability

About 1.0 million ha coastal lands in Bangladesh are mono-cropped suffer from varying degree of soil salinity, waterlogging and climate vulnerability. Low yielding, traditional T. Aman rice is grown only in wet season. Growing non-rice crop after late harvested T. Aman rice is not profitable. This study was aimed to introduce high yielding, short duration T. Aman rice varieties for advancing its harvesting time and to make the avenue for timely establishment of dry season crops. Varietal trials were made at Dacope and Amtali under ACIAR funded project during 2016-2018 and compared with local cultivars. Among tested varieties BRRI dhan76 followed by BRRI dhan77 and BRRI dhan54 in Dacope and BRRI dhan77 followed by BRRI dhan76 and BRRI dhan54 in Amtali were preferred for 0.5–1.0 tha−1 yield advantage and 15–25 days earliness compared to traditional varieties. Early harvesting of T. Aman created the avenue of timely establishment of rice and non-rice crops depending on availability of fresh water and thus crop intensification and land productivity was improved. The new cropping system increased annual rice yield and farmers’ profits by 1.5- to 2-folds compared with traditional system without environmental degradation. This technique can be replicated in similar coastal zones of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Selection of drought tolerant rice varieties for the western mid hills of Nepal

2018 ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
B. B. Adhikari ◽  
B. Mehera ◽  
S. M. Haefele
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Participatory Varietal Selection ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Rice (Oryza sativa L) is the most important staple food crop in Nepal, but current yields are low and total production varies, mostly due to drought. To evaluate high yielding and drought tolerant rice genotypes in typical rainfed lowland conditions, a participatory varietal selection trials was conducted with farmers in farmer’s field at Sundarbazar, Lamjung, Nepal during the wet season 2009 and 2010. Trials were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with six replications. Results obtained from two years’ experiment indicated that the genotypes IR-74371-54-1 and IR74371-70-1 matured at the same duration as the local check Radha-4 (120-123 days growth duration). Both genotypes had a high average chlorophyll content (SPAD reading of 15.9-16.1), were medium tall (110-112 cm), non-lodging, had a high number of filled grains and little sterility, and a high grain yield (mean yield 5.0 and 4.8 t ha-1, respectively). They also had the highest root length (22.4-26.2 cm) and root weight (9.5-10 g hill-1) which could tolerate more drought than the other genotypes tested. The maximum cost/benefit ratio was found in IR-74371-54-1 (1:1.72) followed by IR-74371-70-1 (1:1.66) and IR-74371-46-1-1 (1:1.65). All three lines were highly preferred by farmers in preference rankings during field visits and were released in Nepal in 2011 as Sookhadhan-2, Sookhadhan-3 and Sookhadhan-1 varieties, respectively. They fit easily into the existing cropping system in rainfed lowlands, are economically viable and safe to cultivate for the farmers in the mid hills of Nepal.Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science.Vol. 33-34, 2015, page: 195-206

Trajectories of cropping system intensification under changing environment in south-west coastal Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Md. Roushon Jamal ◽  
Paul Kristiansen ◽  
Md. Jahangir Kabir ◽  
Lalit Kumar ◽  
Lisa Lobry de Bruyn
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Changing Environment ◽  
Coastal Bangladesh ◽  
South West

scholarly journals Soil Health as Influenced by Fertilizer Management in Rice Based Cropping System

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
MM Haque ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
MAA Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Soil C

Nutrient management influences soil health and crop productivity. Sustained crop production re-quires specific nutrient management options after a certain period. The objectives of this investigation were to examine the effects of inorganic and organic fertilization on yields and soil carbon budget under rice based cropping patterns in Bangladesh. The research data and informationhave been gen-erated based on previouslypublished, unpublished sources and own concept.Omission of K or im-balanced K are more influential for reduction in grain yield up to 47% in Boro (dry) season but N was most limiting up to 35% in T. Aman (wet) season. With existing fertilizer rates for growing rice, the balances of N and K are always negative. Balanced chemical fertilizer (NPKSZn) can be an option for improving crop productivity and maintain soil quality. Net ecosystem carbon (C) balances are posi-tive when 3 t ha-1 cow dung (CD), 2 t ha-1 poultry manure (PM) and 2 t ha-1 vermicompost (VC) are used in combination with chemical fertilizers. Soil amendments with organic nutrient sources (rice straw, CD, PM, VC, legume crops) and rice based cropping patterns such as T. Aman-Mustard-Boro, Boro-Fallow-Fallow, Jute-T. Aman-Fallow, Wheat-Mungbean-T. Aman, Grass pea- T. Aus-T. Aman and Potato-Boro-T. Aman can be beneficial in improving soil C budget, soil nutrient ratio, total crop production and maintenance of environmental health that will meet SDGs goal. Bangladesh Rice J. 24 (2): 119-131, 2021

Nitrate pollution in groundwater and strategies to reduce pollution

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.K. Shrestha ◽  
J.K. Ladah
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
World Health ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Tropical Ecosystem ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Indigofera Tinctoria ◽  
N Use

The input-intensive rainfed tropical ecosystem, where wet season (WS) rice (Oriza sativa L.) – dry season (DS) diversified high-value upland crops like vegetables predominate, has resulted in a problem of a large leakage of N into the environment, thereby polluting the water. Excessive use of N fertilizer in high-value crops grown in DS is economically motivated. Out of twenty water sources evaluated in a watershed with a total area of 265 ha located in Magnuang, Ilocos Norte, Philippines, twelve had near or above the World Health Organization’s (WHO) NO3-N limit for drinking water of 10 ppm. Soil mineral N (upper 100 cm) observed in seven rice-sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) farmers’ fields ranged from 111 to 694 kg ha-1 which decreased by 10 to 68% in plots with dry-to-wet (DTW) crops like indigo, indigo+mungo and corn. In fallow plots where mineral N was either maintained or increased, it showed movement to lower soil profiles demonstrating NO3 leaching without a crop. On average, maize (Zea mays L.) captured 176 kg N ha-1 and indigo (Indigofera tinctoria L.) 194 kg N ha-1. In both fallow and planted plots, mineral N declined to low levels at 100% water-filled pore spaces (WFPS) before rice transplanting. A strategy for including indigo plus maize as a N-catch crop is proposed to decrease NO3 leaching and maximize N use efficiency in a rice-sweet pepper cropping system.

scholarly journals Cropping System Intensification for Increasing Crop Productivity in Salt-Affected Coastal Zones of Bangladesh

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Rina Rani Saha ◽  
Md. Alimur Rahman ◽  
Md. Hafijur Rahman ◽  
Mohammed Mainuddin ◽  
Richard Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Cropping Patterns

In Global Climate Risk Index 2019, Bangladesh has been ranked seventh among the countries most affected by extreme weather events. The salinity intrusion has increased by 27% from 1973 to 2009 in coastal areas of Bangladesh due to impacts of climate change. The cropping intensities of the coastal zones are below than the country’s average intensity (195%), which causes severe food insecurity. In southern coastal zone, soil and water (river/canal) salinity remain the minimum (<4 dS/m) during in July/August but attain the maximum (upto 11 and 25 dS/m, respectively) in March/April. Farmers grow single T.aman rice a year. Therefore, five cropping patterns were tested under ACIAR funded project in Amtali (Barguna district) and Dacope (Khulna) upazilas during 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 irrigating with low salinity surface water (canal/pond) to increase crop productivity. In Amtali, T.aman-Potato-Mungbean-T.aus cropping pattern gave the highest (20.18 t/ha) rice equivalent yield (REY), which increased 360% REY over the farmers’ practice (T.aman-fallow-fallow). However, in Dacope, T.aman-spinach-fallow showed the highest REY (13.99 t/ha) that increased 211% REY compared to farmers’ practice. The improved cropping patterns can be practiced within the polder (embankment for water control) for increasing crop productivity and profitability in salt-affected coastal zones of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Improvement of Suboptimal Land Productivity Approach by Land and Plant Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Marthen Pasang Sirappa ◽  
Max Leovold Jhon Titahena
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Livestock Manure ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Study Results

Assessment for increasing productivity of suboptimal land with using three kinds of organic fertilizer and six rice varieties had been conducted in the Debowae village, Waeapo district, Buru regency at 2011.  Purpose of the assessment were to determine the effect of three types organic fertilizer and the use of six Inpara varieties to growth and productivity of rice in sub-optimal land. Study used a split plot design with three replications (farmers as replicates), where the main plot was three types of organic fertilizers (livestock manure, granular organic, and petroganic), while the subplot was 6 varieties Inpara (Inpara 1, Inpara 2, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 5, and Indragiri). The soil types at the study site based on soil classification were Endoaquepts with soil fertility status was low. The study results  showed  that  the use of organic  manure combined with inorganic fertilizers,  both  from  livestock manure, while granular organic and petrogranic, gave an average crop growth and yield better than the results obtained by farmers outside of the study. Average petroganic fertilizer had a better growth and higher crop yields compared to other organic fertilizers. The six varieties of rice swamps that were examined (Inpara 1, Inpara 2, Inpara 3, Inpara 4, Inpara 5, and Indragiri) had the average growth and better yields than rice varieties used by farmers outside of the study (2.75 t ha-1). Varieties Inpara 4, Indragiri, Inpara 1 and  Inpara 2 had average yield above 7 t ha-1, while Inpara 3 and  Inpara 5 average above 4 t ha-1. Combination of granular organic fertilizer with Inpara 4 variety and petroganic with Indragiri variety had the best results (8.37 and 8.02 t ha-1), while the lowest yield (4.48 t ha-1) was reached at combination of  livestock manure with Inpara 5 variety.Keywords: adaptive varieties, land and plant management, organic fertilizers, suboptimal land [How to Cite: Marthen PS and MLJ Titahena. 2014. Improvement of Suboptimal Land Productivity Approach by Land and Plant Management. J Trop Soils 19(2): 109-119. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2014.19.2.109]    

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITIES OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS AND BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT RESISTANCE OF HIGH YIELDING RICE VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Nafisah Nafisah ◽  
Celvia Roza ◽  
Nani Yunani ◽  
Aris Hairmansis ◽  
Tita Rostiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Productive Tiller

<p class="abstrakinggris">Hundred of high yielding and bacterial leaf blight (<em>Xanthomonas oryzae</em> pv. <em>oryzae, Xoo</em>) resistant rice varieties released since the 1960s are important sources of genetic materials for exploring superior genotypes. The study aimed to evaluate the genetic resistance of 177 rice varieties to <em>Xoo</em> and their agronomic traits. The evaluations were conducted at the Indonesian Center for Rice Research Experimental Station during the wet season (December 2015-March 2016). The bacterial leaf blight resistance was evaluated for <em>Xoo</em> pathotypes III, IV, and VIII using the clipping method. The genetic variation among genotypes was categorized as low (0–10%), medium (10–20%), and high (&gt;20%), whereas the heritability was categorized as low (0-30%), medium (30-60%), and high (&gt;60%). The variability of resistance to <em>Xoo</em> pathotypes, grain yield, and spikelet fertility was low, while the variability of plant height, productive tiller number, filled grain, and total spikelet was medium, and the variability of unfilled grain number was high. The 29 varieties  were categorized as superior based on their agronomic traits or resistance to <em>Xoo</em> pathotypes. In conclusion, Batutegi and Fatmawati were superior in the total spikelet number, while Rojolele and Inpari 2 were supreme in the thousand-grain weight. Dodokan had a very short maturity, and Inpari 24, Conde, Kalimas, Angke, Inpari 17, and Inpara 8 had the highest resistance to <em>Xoo</em> pathotypes. The study implies that the identified rice superior genotypes could be used as genetic materials to design cross combinations for higher yield potential and BLB resistance varietal improvement.</p>

scholarly journals Rajdeep (IET 17713): A New Rainfed Lowland High Yielding Rice Variety for Semideep Situation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrani Dana ◽  
Sitesh Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
National Level ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Improvement Project

In eastern India, more than 13.0 million ha of rice lands are affected by excess water and periodically suffer from flash floods and complete submergence. Most of the traditional and adapted rice varieties of this situation are low yielders. To overcome these problems the high yielding rice variety (HYV), Rajdeep (IET 17713) has been developed by Rice Research Station, Government of West Bengal, Chinsurah, Hooghly as high yielding rice variety for semideep water situation. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of promising semideep water rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under lowland situation during wet season of 2002-2013. Performance of Rajdeep, semideep water rice was better and therefore it was released. It is tolerant to sheath blight, sheath rot diseases and stem borer, leaf folder insect-pests. The high yielding semideep rice variety, Rajdeep exhibited superiority over national check (Sabita), regional check (Purnendu) and local check tested in different locations under All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project (AICRIP) trials during kharif, 2002-2003 conducted by ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabed, India. This variety was also tested in multi-locational yield trials (2003-2013) along with check variety Swarna-Sub 1/ Bhudeb at different locations of West Bengal. After testing at national level as well as at state level, based on yield performance of the variety, the HYV semideep rice variety Rajdeep was released and notified by Government of India in the Gazette of India vide Notification No. S.O. 1007(E) on 30th March, 2017.

scholarly journals Diffusion of Wet Season (T. Aman) Rice Cultivars under Changed Environment in Northwest Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-106
Author(s):  
M J Kabir ◽  
M A Islam ◽  
M C Rahman ◽  
M S Rahaman ◽  
M S Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Northwestern part of Bangladesh plays an important role to supply rice for national food security. However, wet season (WS) rice cultivation in the area is highly vulnerable to moisture stress and severe pest infestation. Therefore, it is very much important to evaluate the adoption situation of wet season rice cultivars and their drivers and drawbacks of adoption in order to delineate the possible ways of rapid dissemination of modern rice varieties to cope with the existing vulnerability and minimize yield gap. Two important wet season rice-growing districts, namely Rangpur and Dinajpur were selected purposively for the study. Focus group discussion (FGD) and key informant interview (KII) were conducted using semi-structured questionnaire to gather qualitative and quantitative data for the study. In addition, structured questionnaire was used in the FGD for generating data on input use patterns, outputs and seasonal variability of yield and price of different rice cultivars for estimating costs and returns. The findings of the study reveal that farmers mainly adopted exotic WS rice cultivars to reduce unexpected yield loss due to abiotic and biotic stresses. Diffusion status of exotic cultivars was ranged between 76-85% of total WS rice area in the study locations. The drivers of widespread diffusion of exotic cultivars are stability in yield performance, compatibility to fit into local cropping systems, potentiality to recover from biotic and abiotic stresses and ensured market demand. However, farmers are dreaming for higher yield potential and more stress tolerant cultivars for fitting into two and three crops-based systems in the areas. Rice breeders may use the findings of this study to develop and disseminate suitable rice cultivars for the northwestern part of the country. Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(1): 81-106

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