scholarly journals Wireless Sensor Network for Sustainable Agriculture

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos D. Moreno-Moreno ◽  
María Brox-Jiménez ◽  
Andrés A. Gersnoviez-Milla ◽  
Mariano Márquez-Moyano ◽  
Manuel A. Ortiz-López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Evolution And Development ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Radical Decomposition

Precision agriculture can be defined as the science of using technology to improve the agricultural production. It is advisable for farmers to use a decision support system; in fact, real–time monitoring of climatic conditions is the only way to know the water needed by a cultivation. On the other hand, since the 1990s, a strong decrease of the Mediterranean Quercus has been observed in the pastures of southwestern Spain and Portugal, causing a high mortality of holm and cork oak trees. Among the factors associated with this decrease, the radical decomposition caused by Phytophthora Cinnamomi is remarkable for its gravity, which makes it necessary to reforest the trees and to monitor the microclimatic factors that have an influence on this regeneration. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are a technology in full evolution and development, as well as their appropriate use in cultivations that help to implement ecological techniques. With these considerations in this work five units/nodes with one or more sensors that allow different environmental readings have been developed. In this work, the acquisition of data obtained from different sensors has been achieved, allowing the monitoring of climatic elements such as soil moisture, air quality, temperature and humidity, rainfall intensity, precipitation level, wind speed and direction, luminous flux and atmospheric pressure. A web page has been designed where the user can consult the climatic conditions of the cultivation or reforestation. Different devices interconnected with a central unit have been developed where measurements of the cultivation are sent for its later analysis by the farmer. The microclimatic data acquisition developed in the WSN proposed in this paper allows a farmer to make decisions about the irrigation of the cultivation, use of fertilizers, the development and maturation phases of the cultivated products, obtaining the optimum stages of cultivation and harvesting.

LWBA: Lévy-walk bat algorithm based data prediction for precision agriculture in wireless sensor networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
C. Venkataramanan ◽  
S. Ramalingam ◽  
A. Manikandan
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bat Algorithm ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Lévy Walk ◽  
Levy Walk

Smart farming is one of the immense applications of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Still, most of the researches have been focusing on precision agriculture using WSNs. In general, the nodes within the wireless sensor systems are self-configured. Based on the application requirement, gadgets within the region of interest collect data, prepare it, and send it to the recipient. The biggest impediments to these sensor systems are collision, restricted battery, and transmission capacity. Due to these characteristics, the node battery depletes earlier, when it starts working. Currently, agriculture depends on rain due to the lack of water resources and irrigation services. The crop development depends totally on the factors of water, the climatic conditions of the soil, etc. In large-scale agriculture, it is exceptionally problematic to analyze all the parameters accurately throughout the growing field. In this article, high-precision architecture for large-scale agriculture has been proposed. An IoT (Internet of Things) enabled WSN has been built and installed in the respective areas to measure the physical quantities regularly. In addition, Lévy-Walk Bat (LWBA) algorithm has been proposed to optimize the collected data. The prediction accuracy of the collected data is evaluated by LWBA and then, it is compared with the existing optimization algorithms with different error solvers. It has provided the exact information regarding the whole landscape and it will help the farmers to irrigate precisely.

scholarly journals Multiparametric Monitoring in Equatorian Tomato Greenhouses (I): Wireless Sensor Network Benchmarking

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Erazo-Rodas ◽  
Mary Sandoval-Moreno ◽  
Sergio Muñoz-Romero ◽  
Mónica Huerta ◽  
David Rivas-Lalaleo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Mesh Topology ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 Standard ◽  
The Comparative Study

In recent years, attention has been paid to wireless sensor networks (WSNs) applied to precision agriculture. However, few studies have compared the technologies of different communication standards in terms of topology and energy efficiency. This paper presents the design and implementation of the hardware and software of three WSNs with different technologies and topologies of wireless communication for tomato greenhouses in the Andean region of Ecuador, as well as the comparative study of the performance of each of them. Two companion papers describe the study of the dynamics of the energy consumption and of the monitored variables. Three WSNs were deployed, two of them with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard with star and mesh topologies (ZigBee and DigiMesh, respectively), and a third with the IEEE 802.11 standard with access point topology (WiFi). The measured variables were selected after investigation of the climatic conditions required for efficient tomato growth. The measurements for each variable could be displayed in real time using either a laboratory virtual instrument engineering workbench (LabVIEWTM) interface or an Android mobile application. The comparative study of the three networks made evident that the configuration of the DigiMesh network is the most complex for adding new nodes, due to its mesh topology. However, DigiMesh maintains the bit rate and prevents data loss by the location of the nodes as a function of crop height. It has been also shown that the WiFi network has better stability with larger precision in its measurements.

Regulation and Critical Threshold of Grass Cover on Slope Runoff in LoessHilly Gully Region under Artificial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiufen Zhang ◽  
Xizhi Lv ◽  
Rongxin Chen ◽  
Yongxin Ni ◽  
Li Ma
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Coverage ◽  
Critical Threshold ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Grassland Vegetation ◽  
Slope Flow ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Slope Runoff

<p>The slope runoff caused by rainstorm is the main cause of serious soil and water loss in the loess hilly area, the grassland vegetation has a good inhibitory effect on the slope runoff, it is of great significance to reveal the role of grassland vegetation in the process of runoff generation and control mechanism for controlling soil erosion in this area. In this study, typical grassland slopes in hilly and gully regions of the loess plateau were taken as research objects. Through artificial rainfall in the field, the response rules of slope rainfall-runoff process to different grass coverage were explored. The results show that: (1) The time for the slope flow to stabilize is prolonged with the increase of vegetation coverage, and shortened with the increase of rainfall intensity; (2) At 60 mm·h <sup>−1</sup> rainfall intensity, the threshold of grassland vegetation coverage is 75.38%; at 90 mm·h<sup> −1</sup> rainfall intensity, the threshold of grassland vegetation coverage is 90.54%; at 120 mm·h <sup>−1</sup> rainfall intensity, the impact of grassland vegetation coverage on runoff is not significant; (3) the Reynolds number and Froude number of slope flow are 40.07‒695.22 and 0.33‒1.56 respectively, the drag coefficient is 1.42‒43.53. Under conditions of heavy rainfall, the ability of grassland to regulate slope runoff is limited. If only turf protection is considered, about 90% of grassland coverage can effectively cope with soil erosion caused by climatic conditions in loess hilly and gully regions. Therefore, in loess hilly areas where heavy rains frequently occur, grassland's protective effect on soil erosion is obviously insufficient, and investment in vegetation measures for trees and shrubs should be strengthened.</p>

scholarly journals Power Reduction with Sleep/Wake on Redundant Data (SWORD) in a Wireless Sensor Network for Energy-Efficient Precision Agriculture

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Jawad ◽  
Rosdiadee Nordin ◽  
Sadik Gharghan ◽  
Aqeel Jawad ◽  
Mahamod Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Power Reduction ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Redundant Data ◽  
Comparison Results

The use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in modern precision agriculture to monitor climate conditions and to provide agriculturalists with a considerable amount of useful information is currently being widely considered. However, WSNs exhibit several limitations when deployed in real-world applications. One of the challenges faced by WSNs is prolonging the life of sensor nodes. This challenge is the primary motivation for this work, in which we aim to further minimize the energy consumption of a wireless agriculture system (WAS), which includes air temperature, air humidity, and soil moisture. Two power reduction schemes are proposed to decrease the power consumption of the sensor and router nodes. First, a sleep/wake scheme based on duty cycling is presented. Second, the sleep/wake scheme is merged with redundant data about soil moisture, thereby resulting in a new algorithm called sleep/wake on redundant data (SWORD). SWORD can minimize the power consumption and data communication of the sensor node. A 12 V/5 W solar cell is embedded into the WAS to sustain its operation. Results show that the power consumption of the sensor and router nodes is minimized and power savings are improved by the sleep/wake scheme. The power consumption of the sensor and router nodes is improved by 99.48% relative to that in traditional operation when the SWORD algorithm is applied. In addition, data communication in the SWORD algorithm is minimized by 86.45% relative to that in the sleep/wake scheme. The comparison results indicate that the proposed algorithms outperform power reduction techniques proposed in other studies. The average current consumptions of the sensor nodes in the sleep/wake scheme and the SWORD algorithm are 0.731 mA and 0.1 mA, respectively.

scholarly journals A Cotton High-Efficiency Water-Fertilizer Control System Using Wireless Sensor Network for Precision Agriculture

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1693
Author(s):  
Chanchan Du ◽  
Lixin Zhang ◽  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Xiaokang Lou ◽  
Yongchao Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Support System ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sensors And Actuators

Scientific researchers have applied newly developed technologies, such as sensors and actuators, to different fields, including environmental monitoring, traffic management, and precision agriculture. Using agricultural technology to assist crop fertilization is an important research innovation that can not only reduce the workload of farmers, but also reduce resource waste and soil pollution. This paper describes the design and development of a water-fertilizer control system based on the soil conductivity threshold. The system uses a low-cost wireless sensor network as a data collection and transmission tool and transmits the data to the decision support system. The decision support system considers the change in soil electrical conductivity (EC) and moisture content to guide the application of water-fertilizer, and then improves the fertilization accuracy of the water-fertilizer control system. In the experiment, the proposed water-fertilizer control system was tested, and it was concluded that, compared with the existing traditional water-fertilizer integration control system, the amount of fertilizer used by the system was reduced by 10.89% on average, and it could save 0.76–0.87 tons of fertilizer throughout the whole growth period of cotton.

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