scholarly journals The Dynamic Universal Profiles of Spiritual Awareness: A Latent Profile Analysis

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Simon Hanseung Choi ◽  
Clayton Hoi-Yun McClintock ◽  
Elsa Lau ◽  
Lisa Miller
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Spiritual Engagement ◽  
Latent Profile

The aim of the current investigation was to identify universal profiles of lived spirituality. A study on a large sample of participants (N = 5512) across three countries, India, China, and the United States, suggested there are at least five cross-cultural phenotypic dimensions of personal spiritual capacity—spiritual reflection and commitment; contemplative practice; perception of interconnectedness; perception of love; and practice of altruism—that are protective against pathology in a community sample and have been replicated in matched clinical and non-clinical samples. Based on the highest frequency combinations of these five capacities in the same sample, we explored potentially dynamic profiles of spiritual engagement. We inductively derived five profiles using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA): non-seeking; socially disconnected; spiritual emergence; virtuous humanist; and spiritually integrated. We also examined, in this cross-sectional data, covariates external to the LPA model which measure disposition towards meaning across two dimensions: seeking and fulfillment, of which the former necessarily precedes the latter. These meaning covariates, in conjunction with cross-profile age differences, suggest the profiles might represent sequential phases along an emergent path of spiritual development. Subsequent regression analyses conducted to predict depression, anxiety, substance-related disorders, and positive psychology based on spiritual engagement profiles revealed the spiritually integrated profile was most protected against psychopathology, while the spiritual emergence profile was at highest risk. While this developmental process may be riddled with struggle, as evidenced by elevated rates of psychopathology and substance use in the intermediate phases, this period is a transient one that necessarily precedes one of mental wellness and resilience—the spiritual development process is ultimately buoyant and protective.

scholarly journals Typologies of Family Functioning and 24-Hour Movement Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Guerrero ◽  
Joel Barnes ◽  
Mark Tremblay ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback
Keyword(s):  
Family Functioning ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family Typologies ◽  
Latent Profile

Abstract Objective: The purpose of the current study was to use latent profile analysis to identify family typologies characterized by parental acceptance, parental monitoring, and family conflict, and to examine whether such typologies were associated with the number of movement behavior recommendations (i.e., physical activity, screen time, and sleep) met by children. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional observational study were part of the baseline data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Data were collected from September 1, 2016 to September 15, 2018, across 21 study sites in the United States. Participants included 11,875 children aged 9 and 10 years. Results: Results from latent profile analysis showed that children were meaningfully classified into one of five family typologies, ranging from ideal (high acceptance, high monitoring, and low conflict) to poor (medium acceptance, low monitoring, and high conflict) functioning. Children from good (OR= 0.54; 95% CI, 0.39-0.76), average (OR=0.28; 95% CI, 0.20, 0.40), fair (OR=0.24; 95% CI, 0.16, 0.36), and poor (OR=0.19; 95% CI, 0.12-0.29) functioning families were less likely to meet all three movement behavior recommendations compared to children from ideal functioning families. The odds of meeting all recommendations progressively decreased as family functioning worsened. Similar findings and pattern of results were found for meeting ≥2 recommendations and ≥1 recommendation. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of the family environment for promoting healthy movement behaviors among children.

scholarly journals Hypersomnia subtypes, sleep and relapse in bipolar disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1751-1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Kaplan ◽  
E. L. McGlinchey ◽  
A. Soehner ◽  
A. Gershon ◽  
L. S. Talbot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Longitudinal Assessment ◽  
Excessive Sleepiness ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Long Sleep ◽  
Latent Profile

Background.Though poorly defined, hypersomnia is associated with negative health outcomes and new-onset and recurrence of psychiatric illness. Lack of definition impedes generalizability across studies. The present research clarifies hypersomnia diagnoses in bipolar disorder by exploring possible subgroups and their relationship to prospective sleep data and relapse into mood episodes.Method.A community sample of 159 adults (aged 18–70 years) with bipolar spectrum diagnoses, euthymic at study entry, was included. Self-report inventories and clinician-administered interviews determined features of hypersomnia. Participants completed sleep diaries and wore wrist actigraphs at home to obtain prospective sleep data. Approximately 7 months later, psychiatric status was reassessed. Factor analysis and latent profile analysis explored empirical groupings within hypersomnia diagnoses.Results.Factor analyses confirmed two separate subtypes of hypersomnia (‘long sleep’ and ‘excessive sleepiness’) that were uncorrelated. Latent profile analyses suggested a four-class solution, with ‘long sleep’ and ‘excessive sleepiness’ again representing two separate classes. Prospective sleep data suggested that the sleep of ‘long sleepers’ is characterized by a long time in bed, not long sleep duration. Longitudinal assessment suggested that ‘excessive sleepiness’ at baseline predicted mania/hypomania relapse.Conclusions.This study is the largest of hypersomnia to include objective sleep measurement, and refines our understanding of classification, characterization and associated morbidity. Hypersomnia appears to be comprised of two separate subgroups: long sleep and excessive sleepiness. Long sleep is characterized primarily by long bedrest duration. Excessive sleepiness is not associated with longer sleep or bedrest, but predicts relapse to mania/hypomania. Understanding these entities has important research and treatment implications.

Identifying Effective Mentors in Scientific Communication: A Latent Profile Analysis of Mentor Beliefs

2020 ◽  
pp. 089484532092412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl B. Anderson ◽  
Shine Chang ◽  
Hwa Young Lee ◽  
Constance D. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Physician Scientist ◽  
Problem Solvers ◽  
Research Faculty ◽  
Latent Profile

The need to specifically mentor graduate and medical students performing biomedical and biobehavioral research in communication skills is increasingly being highlighted to increase intention to pursue academic research careers, including physician–scientist careers. This study used data collected from 354 research faculty in 33 states across the United States to examine beliefs and perceived barriers about mentoring in scientific communication (writing, presenting, and informal discussion about science), with the goal of advancing evidence-based recommendations for mentoring interventions. Latent profile analysis identified four mentor profiles, based on beliefs regarding mentoring responsibility, expected outcomes, and barriers in scientific communication mentoring. Problem solvers, who acknowledged trainee problems but reported high efficacy in overcoming them, offered the highest levels of supportive and instructive mentoring. Since mentoring messages and actions influence trainee career development significantly, our results have important implications for faculty development to advance effective mentoring, especially in scientific communication.

scholarly journals Typologies of Family Functioning and 24-h Movement Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 699
Author(s):  
Michelle D. Guerrero ◽  
Joel D. Barnes ◽  
Mark S. Tremblay ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
High Conflict ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Typologies ◽  
Latent Profile

Research on the importance of the family environment on children’s health behaviors is ubiquitous, yet critical gaps in the literature exist. Many studies have focused on one family characteristic and have relied on variable-centered approaches as opposed to person-centered approaches (e.g., latent profile analysis). The purpose of the current study was to use latent profile analysis to identify family typologies characterized by parental acceptance, parental monitoring, and family conflict, and to examine whether such typologies are associated with the number of movement behavior recommendations (i.e., physical activity, screen time, and sleep) met by children. Data for this cross-sectional observational study were part of the baseline data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Data were collected across 21 study sites in the United States. Participants included 10,712 children (female = 5143, males = 5578) aged 9 and 10 years (M = 9.91, SD = 0.62). Results showed that children were meaningfully classified into one of five family typologies. Children from families with high acceptance, medium monitoring, and medium conflict (P2; OR = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.39–0.76); high acceptance, medium monitoring, and high conflict (P3; OR = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.20, 0.40); low acceptance, low monitoring, and medium conflict (P4; OR = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.16, 0.36); and medium acceptance, low monitoring, and high conflict (P5; OR = 0.19; 95% CI, 0.12–0.29) were less likely to meet all three movement behavior recommendations compared to children from families with high acceptance, high monitoring, and low conflict (P1). These findings highlight the importance of the family environment for promoting healthy movement behaviors among children.

A person-centered approach to understanding child temperament at ages 3 and 6

2021 ◽  
pp. 089020702110076
Author(s):  
Mariah T Hawes ◽  
Megan C Finsaas ◽  
Thomas M Olino ◽  
Daniel N Klein
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Child Temperament ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Class Model ◽  
Laboratory Observation ◽  
Temperament Traits ◽  
Person Centered Approach ◽  
Latent Profile

Person-centered analyses, such as latent profile analysis, provide an approach to assessing individual differences in child temperament that aligns with typological theory and is well positioned for translation to applied settings. In a community sample, latent profile analysis was conducted using seven temperament traits assessed through laboratory observation when children were three- and six-years-old. At age 3, a four-class model fit best and subgroups were labeled “typical,” “sluggish,” “surgent,” and “dysregulated,” based on the pattern of class-specific means. A five-class model fit best at age 6 and subgroups were labeled “typical,” “sluggish,” “outgoing,” “active-impulsive” and “negative affect.” Associations between class membership and mother-reported temperament traits, concurrently assessed, were mostly consistent with the class identities. Comparison of subgroup membership across waves generally demonstrated patterns of continuity across groups characterized by similar trait patterns. This paper provides an illustrative guide for temperament researchers in the implementation of latent profile analysis, addressing important methodical considerations. Increased utilization of person-centered approaches like latent profile analysis could lead to important advances in the study of child temperament, such as improved understanding of the continuity of temperamental styles and more targeted risk assessment.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of Prevalence of Social Media Addiction Across Multiple Classification Schemes: Latent Profile Analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Cheng ◽  
Omid V Ebrahimi ◽  
Jeremy W Luk
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Social Media Addiction ◽  
Latent Profile

BACKGROUND As social media is a major channel of interpersonal communication in the digital age, social media addiction has emerged as a novel mental health issue that has raised considerable concerns among researchers, health professionals, policy makers, mass media, and the general public. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of social media addiction derived from 4 major classification schemes (strict monothetic, strict polythetic, monothetic, and polythetic), with latent profiles embedded in the empirical data adopted as the benchmark for comparison. The extent of matching between the classification of each scheme and the actual data pattern was evaluated using sensitivity and specificity analyses. The associations between social media addiction and 2 comorbid mental health conditions—depression and anxiety—were investigated. METHODS A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted, and the replicability of findings was assessed in 2 independent samples comprising 573 adults from the United Kingdom (261/573, 45.6% men; mean age 43.62 years, SD 12.24 years) and 474 adults from the United States (224/474, 47.4% men; mean age 44.67 years, SD 12.99 years). The demographic characteristics of both samples were similar to those of their respective populations. RESULTS The prevalence estimates of social media addiction varied across the classification schemes, ranging from 1% to 15% for the UK sample and 0% to 11% for the US sample. The latent profile analysis identified 3 latent groups for both samples: low-risk, at-risk, and high-risk. The sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive values were high (83%-100%) for all classification schemes, except for the relatively lower sensitivity (73%-74%) for the polythetic scheme. However, the polythetic scheme had high positive predictive values (88%-94%), whereas such values were low (2%-43%) for the other 3 classification schemes. The group membership yielded by the polythetic scheme was largely consistent (95%-96%) with that of the benchmark. CONCLUSIONS Among the classification schemes, the polythetic scheme is more well-balanced across all 4 indices.

Researching multiple publics through latent profile analysis: Similarities and differences in science and technology attitudes in China, Japan, South Korea and the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Pullman ◽  
Michelle Y. Chen ◽  
Danjie Zou ◽  
Benjamin A. Hives ◽  
Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Technology Attitudes ◽  
Latent Profile

How science and technology attitudes vary across the United States, China, South Korea and Japan – all of which top Bloomberg’s list of high-tech centralization – is explored through data from the sixth wave of the World Values Survey (2010–2014). The following study examines the presence of different types of attitudinal groups using latent profile analysis. Not only do unique attitudinal groups exist in each country, but each group is uniquely influenced by select demographic characteristics, including education, age, gender, religiosity, employment status and individual interaction with technology. The findings provide insight into public attitudes towards science and technology across social and cultural contexts and generate nuanced understandings of similar and different attitudinal groups in East Asia and the United States.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document