scholarly journals Shouldering His Guru’s Legacy: Khenpo Tsultrim Lodro’s Discourse in Relation to thos-bsam-sgom after the Death of Khenpo Jigme Phuntsok

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Catherine Hardie ◽  
Nicholas S. Hobhouse
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Eastern Tibet ◽  
Organisational Structures ◽  
Vice Principal ◽  
Monastic Education

This article contributes to the growing discussion of the ways that Khenpo Jigme Phuntsok’s legacy has been carried forward by his spiritual successors at the Larung Five Sciences Buddhist Academy (or Larung Gar), in contemporary Eastern Tibet, by focusing on the contribution of the Larung vice principal and leading second-generation luminary, Khenpo Tsultrim Lodro (1962–). Drawing on a range of Khenpo Tsultrim Lodro’s spoken teachings and writings over a twenty-year period, this article undertakes a contextualised analysis of how he has shouldered his guru’s legacy in the areas of Tibetan Buddhist monastic education, monastic governance, and monastic–lay relations. It explores how the threefold framework of thos-bsam-sgom (listening, reflecting, meditating), whether in its parts or its entirety, lies at the centre of his reformist discourse in these matters, articulated in relation to a wide range of Buddhist and secular concepts, as well as to concrete institutions and organisational structures. It is argued that, while Khenpo Tsultrim Lodro expounds the entire framework of thos-bsam-sgom throughout the years in question, in ‘the earlier period’ (c.2000–2012), from shortly before his guru’s death until approximately a decade afterwards, he subtly privileges the intellectual attributes associated with thos-bsam, while in ‘the later period’ (c.2013–2021) he reweights his exposition to give a balanced emphasis to the practice of sgom.

Second Generation Wire Development at AMSC

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 6601205-6601205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Rupich ◽  
Xiaoping Li ◽  
Srivatsan Sathyamurthy ◽  
Cornelis Thieme ◽  
Kenneth DeMoranville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Current ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Critical Currents ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Military Applications ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Deposition Processes

AMSC has established a Second Generation (2G) High-Temperature Superconductor (HTS) wire manufacturing technology based on the Rolling Assisted Biaxially Textured Substrate and Metal Organic Deposition processes. AMSC's 2G wire (Amperium) has been used by a wide range of customers for development and testing of initial commercial HTS-based applications. Although the Amperium wire properties and quantities satisfy the requirements for these initial projects, improvements in critical current, field performance, and cost are beneficial for large-scale commercial and military applications. As Amperium wire manufacturing continues to ramp up, AMSC's R&D program has focused on increasing critical current, and the development of nonmagnetic substrates. The R&D process developed for a single-coat, 1.2 μm YBCO film has been transferred to production-scale equipment, resulting in the first Amperium wires with critical currents reaching 500 A/cm-w (77 K, self-field) in production length. A nonmagnetic substrate, which minimizes ferromagnetic substrate losses in ac cable applications, has been produced in R&D lengths and demonstrated in an Amperium cable wire.

scholarly journals How Tibetan Nuns Become Khenmos: The History and Evolution of the Khenmo Degree for Tibetan Nuns

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1051
Author(s):  
Padma’tsho (Baimacuo)
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Tibetan Buddhist ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
Buddhist Nuns ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stark Contrast ◽  
Monastic Education

Tibetan Buddhist nuns are making history in numerous ways. They now meet in classrooms instead of tents, earn the title “Khenmo” after many years of dedicated study, and take exams that are standardized, frequent, and both written and oral. Additionally, the new educational system encourages Tibetan Jomos to take on more responsibility, increase their scholarship and practice, and obtain superior monastery/nunnery status. This article chronicles over two and a half decades of extensive fieldwork, covering the advances in monastic education and the rising standing of women in Larung Gar and contemporary China. These advances are in stark contrast to the limited opportunities for women in the past.

scholarly journals The Politics of International Trade

2019 ◽  
pp. 652-683
Author(s):  
Wilfred J. Ethier ◽  
Arye L. Hillman
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Trade Policy ◽  
Public Choice ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Political Preference ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Self Interest

Traditional international trade models explain the sources of comparative advantage and show how a country as a whole gains from trade and from terms-of-trade improvement. The traditional models assumed competitive market-determined outcomes with passive or benevolent government. Income-distribution consequences of trade policy were noted. The models did not address the politics of trade policy, the study of which requires two premises consistent with public-choice principles: (1) that political self-interest underlies policy decisions rather than benevolent-government social-welfare objectives, and (2) political decision makers prefer creation of politically assignable rents to non-assignable budgetary revenue or aggregate country-wide gains from free trade or terms-of-trade improvement. These two premises are acknowledged in the first-generation of models of politicized trade policy. A second generation of models includes the first but not the second premise. It is documented that public-choice premises have not always been included in mainstream economic models. The second-generation models devoid of the primacy of rents in trade-policy determination are mainstream for many members of the academic international trade community. The chapter explains how, by not including the political preference for rents over budgetary revenue, the second-generation models are at variance with the actual conduct of trade policy. Public-choice concepts are also used to re-evaluate a wide range of traditional trade-policy conclusions and recommendations. Empirical evidence is reviewed and interpreted.

Targeting EGFR Ex20 mutant lung cancer with the wild type sparing kinase inhibitor PRB001.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14718-e14718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin L. Sos ◽  
Hannah Lea Tumbrink ◽  
Carsten Schultz-Fademrecht ◽  
Jonas Lategahn ◽  
Marina Keul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Egfr Inhibitors ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insertion Mutations

e14718 Background: The majority of EGFR mutant tumors can be effectively treated with targeted drugs. Lung adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR Ex20 insertion mutations, however, lack safe and potent treatment options. These genetic alterations share homology with HER2 Ex20 insertion mutations and perturb the ATP binding pocket in a way that limits accessibility through currently available tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Second-generation EGFR inhibitors are partially active in EGFR Ex20 mutant models but their potent activity against wild type (WT) EGFR and the resulting adverse effects largely prohibit the clinical use of these drugs. To address this medical need, we developed PRB001, a novel EGFR kinase inhibitor. Methods: We facilitated protein X-ray crystallography to guide the development of small molecule inhibitors with high potency against EGFR/HER2 Ex20 mutant kinases and low activity against WT EGFR. Iterative compound optimization involved biochemical profiling concerning inhibition and binding kinetics, cellular profiling as well as mouse pharmacokinetic and mouse efficacy studies. Results: PRB001 exhibits potent activity against EGFR/HER2 Ex20 insertion mutations, in genetically engineered Ba/F3 cell line models and patient derived cell lines. At the same time, PRB001 exhibits a 10-100 fold lower activity against WT EGFR in several cellular models. Our data indicate that PRB001 and its derivatives display a therapeutic window for an effective treatment of EGFR Ex20 mutant tumors with a limited toxicity profile. Mouse xenograft experiments support these results, showing that, in contrast to second-generation EGFR inhibitors, PRB001 does not inhibit WT EGFR and does not lead to loss of weight of treated animals at effective doses of 90 mg/kg daily. Conclusions: Our data support the notion that PRB001 effectively kills a wide range of EGFR Ex20 mutant cellular models and together with its safety profile builds a basis for the development of a mutant-selective and clinically effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

A Brief Overview of Wireless Systems and Standards

2009 ◽  
pp. 965-971
Author(s):  
Sundar G. Sankaran
Keyword(s):  
Switched Systems ◽  
Wireless Lan ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Voice Service ◽  
First And Second Generation

This chapter provides a brief overview of wireless systems and standards. The evolution of wireless systems from voice-centric circuit-switched systems to data-centric packet-switched systems is discussed. The first- and second-generation wireless systems were designed primarily for voice service. The data rate supported by these systems is very limited. The 2.5G systems were developed to retrofit second-generation systems to support higher data rate applications. The third-generation systems are designed to meet the demands of the Internet era. A wide range of IP-based services is provided using these systems. IEEE 802.16 standard-based systems, commonly referred to as WiMAX, are being proposed as an alternative to third-generation systems for carrying data traffic. Popular wireless LAN and wireless PAN standards are also discussed.

New 1.5-V CMOS second generation current conveyor based on wide range transconductor

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed H. Madian ◽  
Soliman A. Mahmoud ◽  
Ahmed M. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Current Conveyor ◽  
Wide Range

scholarly journals Third Generation Disadvantage among Mexican Americans

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Ortiz ◽  
Edward Telles
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
National Educational Longitudinal Survey

Among Mexican Americans, generational differences in education do not fit with assimilation theory’s predictions of significant improvement from the second to third generation; instead, education for third generation remains similar to the second generation and falls behind that of non-Hispanic whites. Scholars have not examined this educational gap for recent cohorts, nor have they considered a wide range of economic outcomes by generation. Using a nationally representative sample of young adults from the National Educational Longitudinal Survey, we examine various educational and economic outcomes among second- and third-generation Mexican Americans and compare it to whites and blacks. We find that third-generation Mexican Americans have similar outcomes to the second generation and lower education and economic levels than whites and blacks, even when controlling for key factors. Our findings reveal limitations to assimilation theory and suggest that the persistent low status of third-generation Mexican Americans may be largely due to their racialization. These findings coupled with prior research on Mexican Americans point to a consistent pattern of third generation disadvantage, which stands in contrast to second generation advantage.

scholarly journals DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING A GT-SUITE BASED MODEL FOR A SECOND GENERATION COMMONRAIL SOLENOID INJECTOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 390
Author(s):  
Dat Xuan Nguyen ◽  
Vu Hoang Nguyen ◽  
Phuong Xuan Pham
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Calibration Data ◽  
Rail Pressure ◽  
Start Of Injection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Experiment And Simulation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Injection profiles, containing important parameters like injection rate, directly affect the spray structure, fuel-air mixture quality, and as such the physical and chemical processes occurring in the IC engine’s combustion chamber. Therefore, injection profiles are one of the keys to improving power, thermal efficiency and minimizing the emission for IC engines. In this paper, a GT-Suite - based simulation model for a second generation solenoid commonrail injector typically utilized in Hyundai 2.5 TCI-A diesel engines, has been successfully developed and validated. The validation is done by using experimental data are acquired by a Zeuch’s method-based Injection Analyzer (UniPg STS) in University of Perugia, Italy. The calibration data is measured over a wide range of rail pressure and energizing time (ET) corresponding to the engine operating conditions. The results show that the injector model developed here is reliable and suitable for examining the injector’s hydraulic characteristics. The difference in start of injection values obtained through experiment and simulation is only about 15 µs. The total injection volumes obtained through experiment and simulation under ET > 0.8 ms is less than     10 % while the difference is quite high under ET < 0.8 ms and high rail pressure (up to 34.5 %).

scholarly journals USE OF PLATELET-RICH FIBRIN IN MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Tanasković
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Platelet Concentrate ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin ◽  
Ridge Augmentation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Autologous Platelet Concentrate

Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) is autologous biomaterial which is the second-generation platelet concentrate. It has a favorable biological properties that accelerate healing of soft tissue, and bone, giveing a wide range of applications found in oral and maxillofacial surgery and other surgical fields. PRF technique was developed by Choukroun et al in 2001 and it represents a second generation of autologous platelet concentrate, which is used to accelerate the healing of soft and hard tissue. In contrast to the PRP, the PRF is composed of autologous fibrin matrix in which a large amount of platelets and their growth factors are embedded. PRF-graft is used in augmentative techniques residual bone defects, alone or in combination with biomaterials. When the alveolar ridge augmentation technique GBR, the PRF membranes can be used for protection and stabilization of bone compensation. PRF accelerates the healing of soft tissue and reduces the possibility of dehiscence and exposure of the membrane.

A Brief Overview of Wireless Systems and Standards

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sundar G. Sankaran
Keyword(s):  
Switched Systems ◽  
Wireless Lan ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Data Rate ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Voice Service ◽  
First And Second Generation

This chapter provides a brief overview of wireless systems and standards. The evolution of wireless systems from voice-centric circuit-switched systems to data-centric packet-switched systems is discussed. The first- and second-generation wireless systems were designed primarily for voice service. The data rate supported by these systems is very limited. The 2.5G systems were developed to retrofit second-generation systems to support higher data rate applications. The third-generation systems are designed to meet the demands of the Internet era. A wide range of IP-based services is provided using these systems. IEEE 802.16 standard-based systems, commonly referred to as WiMAX, are being proposed as an alternative to third-generation systems for carrying data traffic. Popular wireless LAN and wireless PAN standards are also discussed.

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