scholarly journals S-NPP VIIRS Thermal Emissive Bands 10-Year On-Orbit Calibration and Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3917
Author(s):  
Carlos L. Pérez Díaz ◽  
Xiaoxiong Xiong ◽  
Yonghong Li ◽  
Kwofu Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Multiple Time Series ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Technology Standard ◽  
Response Versus ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Noise Characterization ◽  
Partnership Program

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Program (S-NPP) satellite, launched in late 2011, has reached the decade landmark under successful operations. VIIRS has 22 spectral bands, 7 of which are thermal emissive bands (TEB) that cover the 3.70 to 11.84 μm wavelength range. Over the years, VIIRS TEB observations have been used to generate several data products (e.g., surface/cloud/atmospheric temperatures, cloud top altitude, and water vapor properties). The VIIRS TEB calibration uses a quadratic algorithm and is referenced to an on-board blackbody with temperature measurements traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology standard. This manuscript provides an overview of the VIIRS instrument operations and TEB calibration activities and algorithms used in the level 1B data and describes the TEB on-orbit performance for S-NPP VIIRS. The 10-year on-orbit performance of the S-NPP VIIRS TEB has generally been stable, and the degradations in the S-NPP TEB detector responses are minor after a decade in orbit. The noise characterization performance repeatedly meets the design requirements for all TEB detectors as well. On-orbit changes in the TEB response-versus-scan-angle, based on pitch maneuver observations, have been demonstrated to be extremely small. Moreover, multiple time series over select ground targets have shown that the sensor’s on-orbit performance is quite stable.

scholarly journals Ten Years of SNPP VIIRS Reflective Solar Bands On-Orbit Calibration and Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2944
Author(s):  
Junqiang Sun ◽  
Xiaoxiong Xiong ◽  
Ning Lei ◽  
Sherry Li ◽  
Kevin Twedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Calibration Coefficient ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Spectral Bands ◽  
Lunar Observations ◽  
Support Team ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
Made In

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) has successfully operated on-orbit for nearly ten years since its launch in October 2011, continuously making global observations and improving studies of changes in the Earth’s climate and environment. VIIRS has 22 spectral bands, among which 14 are reflective solar bands (RSBs) covering a spectral range from 0.41 to 2.25 μm. The SNPP VIIRS RSBs are primarily calibrated by the onboard solar diffuser (SD), with its on-orbit degradation tracked by an onboard SD stability monitor (SDSM). The near-monthly scheduled lunar observations, together with the sensor responses over stable ground targets, have contributed to the sensor’s mission-long on-orbit calibration and characterization. Numerous improvements have been made in the RSB calibration methodology since SNPP VIIRS was launched, and the RSB calibration has reached a mature stage after almost ten years of on-orbit operation. SNPP is a joint NASA/NOAA mission and there are two teams, the NASA VIIRS Calibration Support Team (VCST) and the NOAA VIIRS Sensor Data Record Team, which are dedicated to SNPP VIIRS on-orbit calibration. In this paper, we focus on the calibration performed by the NASA VCST. The SNPP VIIRS RSB calibration methodologies used to produce the calibration coefficient look up tables for the latest NASA Level 1B Collection 2 products are reviewed and the calibration improvements incorporated in this collection are described. Recent calibration changes include the removal of image striping caused by non-uniform degradation of the SD, improvements to the method for combining lunar and SD data, mitigation of the effects due a recent anomaly in the SD measurements, estimation of the SD degradation beyond 935 nm, and fitting strategy improvements for look-up table delivery. Overall, the SNPP VIIRS RSBs have performed well since its launch and continue to meet design specifications.

Nondestructive Test on Typical Roadway Supports of a Mine via Drilling Core and Ground Penetrating Radar

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 2411-2416
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Han ◽  
Hai Peng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Ground Penetrating Radar ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Surrounding Rock ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Real Performance ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ground Penetrating ◽  
Drilling Core

Temporary or permanent supports are necessary in underground construction for maintaining the stability and limiting the damage of surrounding rock. Due to the uncertainty of geological structure, the specificity of the underground environment as well as other factors, the quality and performance of supporting structure are often difficult to satisfy the design requirements, which not only seriously affects the normal construction and operation of mines but also has the potential threat to the safety of underground production. In order to investigate the influence of the unfavorable geologic environment on supporting concrete and evaluate the real performance of roadway supports of a mine, 17 typical projects were chosen and the strength of supporting concrete was detected by nondestructive drilling core method. The result shows that the strength is widely less than the design value. Furthermore, 4 projects of them were investigated by the ground penetrating radar (GPR) in order to evaluate the feasibility of GPR in the performance investigation of the roadway supports of a mine. The results indicate that ground penetrating radar is capable of measuring the thickness of the support, the distribution of rebars and the defects of the surrounding rock.

The Effect of Concealed Handgun Carry Deregulation in Arizona on Crime in Tucson

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1186-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Smith ◽  
Matthew Petrocelli
Keyword(s):  
El Paso ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Multiple Time Series ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
State Adoption ◽  
Concealed Carry ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

In 2010, the Arizona legislature effectively deregulated concealed handgun carry in the state by passing Senate Bill (SB) 1108, which eliminated licensing and training requirements for concealed carry. Although researchers have extensively examined the impact of state adoption of concealed carry laws, almost nothing is known about the effects of deregulating concealed carry altogether. This study contributes to the more guns, less crime debate by examining the impact of Arizona’s decision to deregulate concealed carry. Using a multiple time-series research design with an experimental (Tucson) and control city (El Paso), the present study examines the impact of deregulation on handgun-related violent crime and gun larcenies in Arizona’s second largest city—Tucson. We find that the passage of SB 1108 had no impact on handgun-related offenses that could be expected to change following deregulation. The implications of these findings for policy making and future research are discussed.

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