scholarly journals Real-Time Noninvasive Measurement of Glucose Concentration Using a Modified Hilbert Shaped Microwave Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levon Odabashyan ◽  
Arsen Babajanyan ◽  
Zhirayr Baghdasaryan ◽  
Seungwan Kim ◽  
Jongchel Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Minimum Detectable Concentration ◽  
Hilbert Curve ◽  
Interaction Technique ◽  
Detectable Concentration

We developed a microwave glucose sensor based on the modified first-order Hilbert curve design and measured glucose concentration in aqueous solutions by using a real-time microwave near-field electromagnetic interaction technique. We observed S21 transmission parameters of the sensor at resonant frequencies depend on the glucose concentration. We could determine the glucose concentration in the 0–250 mg/dL concentration range at an operating frequency of near 6 GHz. The measured minimum detectable signal was 0.0156 dB/(mg/dL) and the measured minimum detectable concentration was 1.92 mg/dL. The simulation result for the minimum detectable signal and the minimum detectable concentration was 0.0182 dB/(mg/dL) and 1.65 mg/dL, respectively. The temperature instability of the sensor for human glycemia in situ measurement range (27–34 °C for fingers and 36–40 °C for body temperature ranges) can be improved by the integration of the temperature sensor in the microwave stripline platform and the obtained data can be corrected during signal processing. The microwave signal–temperature dependence is almost linear with the same slope for a glucose concentration range of 50–150 mg/dL. The temperature correlation coefficient is 0.05 dB/°C and 0.15 dB/°C in 27–34 °C and 36–40 °C temperature range, respectively. The presented system has a cheap, easy fabrication process and has great potential for non-invasive glucose monitoring.

REAL-TIME SENSING THE GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION BY QUADRATIC-SHAPED MICROWAVE SENSOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (2 (249)) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
B.A. Hovhannisyan ◽  
D.S. Hambaryan ◽  
L.A. Odabashyan ◽  
A.Zh. Babajanyan
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Electromagnetic Interaction ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Minimum Detectable Concentration ◽  
Interaction Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Microwave Sensor ◽  
Detectable Concentration

In this study we present a microwave sensor based on the quadratic-shape and designed for detecting glucose concentration in aqueous solutions by using a microwave near-field electromagnetic interaction technique. We found a linear relationship between the microwave $ S_{11} $ reflection coefficient of the suggested system and the concentration of glucose in solution. Due to this linear relationship we were able to determine the glucose concentration in the range of 0–250 mg/dL at an operating frequency near 3.6 GHz. The measured minimum detectable signal was 0.0044 dB/(mg/dL) and the measured minimum detectable concentration was 6.8 mg/dL. These results suggest that the system we offer has a high enough accuracy for non-contact glucose monitoring and provides a promising basis for developing a non-invasive glucometer.

Glucose Biosensing Using a Near-Field Microwave Microprobe

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 1048-1051
Author(s):  
Arsen Babajayan ◽  
Jong Chul Kim ◽  
Song Hui Kim ◽  
Barry Friedman ◽  
Kie Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Dielectric Resonator ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Biosensor ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Noninvasive Evaluation ◽  
High Q ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
Glucose Biosensing

We observed the glucose concentration of solutions using a near-field microwave microprobe (NFMM). Instead of the usual invasive technique, we take the advantage of the noncontact and noninvasive evaluation capabilities of an NFMM. The NFMM with a high Q dielectric resonator allows observation of small variations of the permittivity due to changes in the glucose concentration. By measuring the reflection coefficient we could observe the concentration of glucose with a detectable resolution to 0.5 mg/ml (0.05 %). The glucose biosensor using a NFMM provides an unique approach for glucose monitoring for diabetes.

Interstitial glucose concentration and glycemia: implications for continuous subcutaneous glucose monitoring

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (4) ◽  
pp. E716-E728 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Aussedat ◽  
M. Dupire-Angel ◽  
R. Gifford ◽  
J. C. Klein ◽  
G. S. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Interstitial Glucose

The changes in plasma glucose concentration and in interstitial glucose concentration, determined with a miniaturized subcutaneous glucose sensor, were investigated in anesthetized nondiabetic rats. Interstitial glucose was estimated through two different calibration procedures. First, after a glucose load, the magnitude of the increase in interstitial glucose, estimated through a one-point calibration procedure, was 70% of that in plasma glucose. We propose that this is due to the effect of endogenous insulin on peripheral glucose uptake. Second, during the spontaneous secondary decrease in plasma glucose after the glucose load, interstitial glucose decreased faster than plasma glucose, which may also be due to the effect of insulin on peripheral glucose uptake. Third, during insulin-induced hypoglycemia, the decrease in interstitial glucose was less marked than that of plasma glucose, suggesting that hypoglycemia suppressed transfer of glucose into the interstitial tissue; subsequently, interstitial glucose remained lower than plasma glucose during its return to basal value, suggesting that the stimulatory effect of insulin on peripheral glucose uptake was protracted. If these observations obtained in rats are relevant to human physiology, such discrepancies between plasma and interstitial glucose concentration may have major implications for the use of a subcutaneous glucose sensor in continuous blood glucose monitoring in diabetic patients.

A Novel Glucose Sensor Based on Deflection of a Thin Membrane

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Mariserla ◽  
Zayd Leseman ◽  
Thomas J. Mackin
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Glucose Sensor ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Thin Membrane ◽  
Fabrication Procedure

A novel glucose sensor based on the deflection of a thin membrane is proposed in the article. The sensor consists of a glucose-sensitive hydrogel layer which exhibits swelling when immersed in a glucose-containing solution. A detailed overview of the fabrication procedure and preliminary experimental results for real-time glucose monitoring using our prototype devices will be presented.

scholarly journals Millimeter-Wave-Based Spoof Localized Surface Plasmonic Resonator for Sensing Glucose Concentration

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Yelim Kim ◽  
Ahmed Salim ◽  
Sungjoon Lim
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Microwave Frequency ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Minimum Detectable Concentration ◽  
Plasmonic Resonator

Glucose-monitoring sensors are necessary and have been extensively studied to prevent and control health problems caused by diabetes. Spoof localized surface plasmon (LSP) resonance sensors have been investigated for chemical sensing and biosensing. A spoof LSP has similar characteristics to an LSP in the microwave or terahertz frequency range but with certain advantages, such as a high-quality factor and improved sensitivity. In general, microwave spoof LSP resonator-based glucose sensors have been studied. In this study, a millimeter-wave-based spoof surface plasmonic resonator sensor is designed to measure glucose concentrations. The millimeter-wave-based sensor has a smaller chip size and higher sensitivity than microwave-frequency sensors. Therefore, the microfluidic channel was designed to be reusable and able to operate with a small sample volume. For alignment, a polydimethylsiloxane channel was simultaneously fabricated using a multilayer bonding film to attach the upper side of the pattern, which is concentrated in the electromagnetic field. This real-time sensor detects the glucose concentration via changes in the S11 parameter and operates at 28 GHz with an average sensitivity of 0.015669 dB/(mg/dL) within the 0–300 mg/dL range. The minimum detectable concentration and the distinguishable signal are 1 mg/dL and 0.015669 dB, respectively, from a 3.4 μL sample. The reusability and reproducibility were assessed through replicates.

Abstract #32: A Prospective, 21-Day Trial of a Transcutaneous, Real-Time Continuous Glucose Sensor Demonstrates Improvement in Glycemic Excursions

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Lois G. Jovanovic ◽  
Howard Zisser ◽  
Timothy Bailey ◽  
Roy Kaplan ◽  
Satish Garg
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Glucose Sensor

The impact of real-time continuous glucose monitoring on metabolic control in children with type 1 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruxandra Calapod Ioana ◽  
Irina Bojoga ◽  
Duta Simona Gabriela ◽  
Ana-Maria Stancu ◽  
Amalia Arhire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
The Impact

860-P: Benefits of Real-Time Sharing and Following of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data from Youth

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 860-P
Author(s):  
ANDREW PARKER ◽  
MARK DERDZINSKI ◽  
SARAH PUHR ◽  
JOHN WELSH ◽  
TOMAS C. WALKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Time Sharing
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