scholarly journals The Impact of Short-Term Exposure to Air Pollution on the Exhaled Breath of Healthy Adults

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2518
Author(s):  
Ariana Lammers ◽  
Anne H. Neerincx ◽  
Susanne J. H. Vijverberg ◽  
Cristina Longo ◽  
Nicole A. H. Janssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Validation Set ◽  
The Impact

Environmental factors, such as air pollution, can affect the composition of exhaled breath, and should be well understood before biomarkers in exhaled breath can be used in clinical practice. Our objective was to investigate whether short-term exposures to air pollution can be detected in the exhaled breath profile of healthy adults. In this study, 20 healthy young adults were exposed 2–4 times to the ambient air near a major airport and two highways. Before and after each 5 h exposure, exhaled breath was analyzed using an electronic nose (eNose) consisting of seven different cross-reactive metal-oxide sensors. The discrimination between pre and post-exposure was investigated with multilevel partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA), followed by linear discriminant and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, for all data (71 visits), and for a training (51 visits) and validation set (20 visits). Using all eNose measurements and the training set, discrimination between pre and post-exposure resulted in an area under the ROC curve of 0.83 (95% CI = 0.76–0.89) and 0.84 (95% CI = 0.75–0.92), whereas it decreased to 0.66 (95% CI = 0.48–0.84) in the validation set. Short-term exposure to high levels of air pollution potentially influences the exhaled breath profiles of healthy adults, however, the effects may be minimal for regular daily exposures.

The impact of short-term exposure to ambient air pollution on test scores in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-285
Author(s):  
Naser Amanzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Vesal ◽  
Seyed Farshad Fatemi Ardestani
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Air pollution and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest risk

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Moderato ◽  
D Lazzeroni ◽  
A Biagi ◽  
T Spezzano ◽  
B Matrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Pm 2.5 ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Introduction Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a leading cause of death worldwide; it accounts for up to 50% of all cardiovascular deaths.It is well established that ambient air pollution triggers fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. However, the impact of air pollution on OHCA is still controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of short-term exposure to outdoor air pollutants on the incidence of OHCA in the urban area of Piacenza, Italy, one of the most polluted area in Europe. Methods From 01/01/2010 to 31/12/2017 day-by-day PM10 and PM2.5 levels, as well as climatic data, were extracted from Environmental Protection Agency (ARPA) local monitoring stations. OHCA were extracted from the prospective registry of Community-based automated external defibrillator Cardiac arrest “Progetto Vita”. OHCA data were included: audio recordings, event information and ECG tracings. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between the risk of OHC, expressed as odds ratios (OR), associated with the PM10 and PM2.5 levels. Results Mean PM10 levels were 33±29 μg/m3 and the safety threshold (50 μg/m3) recommended by both WHO and Italian legislation has been exceeded for 535 days (17.5%). Mean PM 5 levels were 33±29 μg/m3. During the follow-up period, 880 OHCA were recorded on 750 days; the remaining 2174 days without OHCA were used as control days. Mean age of OHCA patients was 76±15 years; male gender was prevalent (55% male vs 45% female; <0.001). Concentration of PM10 and PM 2.5 were significantly higher on days with the occurrence of OHCA (PM10 levels: 37.7±22 μg/m3 vs 32.7±19 μg/m3; p<0.001; PM 2.5 levels: 26±16 vs 22±15 p<0.001). Risk of OHCA was significantly increased with the progressive increase of PM10 (OR: 1.009, 95% CI 1.004–1.015; p<0.001) and PM2.5 levels (OR 1.012, 95% CI 1.007–1.017; p<0.001). Interestingly, the above mentioned results remain independent even when correct for external temperature or season (PM 2.5 levels: p=0.01 – PM 10 levels: p=0.002), Moreover, dividing PM10 values in quintiles, a 1.9 fold higher risk of cardiac arrest has been showed in the highest quintile (Highest quintile cut-off: <48μg/m3) Conclusions In large cohort of patients from a high pollution area, both PM10 and PM2.5 levels are associated with the risk of Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. PM10 and PM2.5 levels and risk of OHCA Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Short-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Mortality From Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuewei Liu ◽  
Jingju Pan ◽  
Chuangang Fan ◽  
Ruijun Xu ◽  
Yaqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure

scholarly journals Effect of Short-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter and Temperature on Acute Myocardial Infarction in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4822
Author(s):  
Jiyoung Shin ◽  
Jongmin Oh ◽  
In Sook Kang ◽  
Eunhee Ha ◽  
Wook Bum Pyun
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Background/Aim: Previous studies have suggested that the short-term ambient air pollution and temperature are associated with myocardial infarction. In this study, we aimed to conduct a time-series analysis to assess the impact of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and temperature on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) among adults over 20 years of age in Korea by using the data from the Korean National Health Information Database (KNHID). Methods: The daily data of 192,567 AMI cases in Seoul were collected from the nationwide, population-based KNHID from 2005 to 2014. The monitoring data of ambient PM2.5 from the Seoul Research Institute of Public Health and Environment were also collected. A generalized additive model (GAM) that allowed for a quasi-Poisson distribution was used to analyze the effects of PM2.5 and temperature on the incidence of AMI. Results: The models with PM2.5 lag structures of lag 0 and 2-day averages of lag 0 and 1 (lag 01) showed significant associations with AMI (Relative risk [RR]: 1.011, CI: 1.003–1.020 for lag 0, RR: 1.010, CI: 1.000–1.020 for lag 01) after adjusting the covariates. Stratification analysis conducted in the cold season (October–April) and the warm season (May–September) showed a significant lag 0 effect for AMI cases in the cold season only. Conclusions: In conclusion, acute exposure to PM2.5 was significantly associated with AMI morbidity at lag 0 in Seoul, Korea. This increased risk was also observed at low temperatures.

scholarly journals Pollutant-sex specific differences in respiratory hospitalization and mortality risk attributable to short-term exposure to ambient air pollution

2021 ◽  
Vol 755 ◽  
pp. 143135
Author(s):  
Hwashin Hyun Shin ◽  
Rajendra Prasad Parajuli ◽  
Priyanka Gogna ◽  
Aubrey Maquiling ◽  
Parvin Dehghani
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Exposure
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