scholarly journals Phase Noise of SAW Delay Line Magnetic Field Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5631
Author(s):  
Phillip Durdaut ◽  
Cai Müller ◽  
Anne Kittmann ◽  
Viktor Schell ◽  
Andreas Bahr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Phase Noise ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Delay Line ◽  
Magnetic Hysteresis ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensors ◽  
Noise Characteristics

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors for the detection of magnetic fields are currently being studied scientifically in many ways, especially since both their sensitivity as well as their detectivity could be significantly improved by the utilization of shear horizontal surface acoustic waves, i.e., Love waves, instead of Rayleigh waves. By now, low-frequency limits of detection (LOD) below 100 pT/Hz can be achieved. However, the LOD can only be further improved by gaining a deep understanding of the existing sensor-intrinsic noise sources and their impact on the sensor’s overall performance. This paper reports on a comprehensive study of the inherent noise of SAW delay line magnetic field sensors. In addition to the noise, however, the sensitivity is of importance, since both quantities are equally important for the LOD. Following the necessary explanations of the electrical and magnetic sensor properties, a further focus is on the losses within the sensor, since these are closely linked to the noise. The considered parameters are in particular the ambient magnetic bias field and the input power of the sensor. Depending on the sensor’s operating point, various noise mechanisms contribute to f0 white phase noise, f−1 flicker phase noise, and f−2 random walk of phase. Flicker phase noise due to magnetic hysteresis losses, i.e. random fluctuations of the magnetization, is usually dominant under typical operating conditions. Noise characteristics are related to the overall magnetic and magnetic domain behavior. Both calculations and measurements show that the LOD cannot be further improved by increasing the sensitivity. Instead, the losses occurring in the magnetic material need to be decreased.

scholarly journals Highly Sensitive Surface Acoustic Wave Magnetic Field Sensor Using Multilayered TbCo2/FeCo Thin Film

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelien Mazzamurro ◽  
Abdelkrim Talbi ◽  
Yannick Dusch ◽  
Omar Elmazria ◽  
Philippe Pernod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Thin Film ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensor ◽  
Nanostructured Thin Film ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Magnetic Model ◽  
Field Sensor

Over the last decades, the use of Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) has emerged as a promising technology in many applications such as filters, signal processing but also sensors. We report the fabrication and the characterization of a SAW delay line magnetic field sensor using uniaxial multi-layered 14×[TbCo2(3.7nm)/FeCo(4nm)] nanostructured thin film deposited on Y36° Lithium Niobate (Figure 1a). The sensor shows an interesting dependency to a tunable bias magnetic field with different orientations relative to the easy axis. The obtained results are well explained using an equivalent piezo-magnetic model described in a previous work.

HIGH-PERFORMANCE SURFACE TRANSVERSE WAVE RESONATORS IN THE LOWER GHz FREQUENCY RANGE

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 735-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
IVAN D. AVRAMOV
Keyword(s):  
Phase Noise ◽  
Transverse Wave ◽  
High Power ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Propagation Loss ◽  
Range Data ◽  
Frequency Range

Since the first successful surface transverse wave (STW) resonator was demonstrated by Bagwell and Bray in 1987, STW resonant devices on temperature stable cut orientations of piezoelectric quartz have enjoyed a spectacular development. The tremendous interest in these devices is based on the fact that, compared to the widely used surface acoustic waves (SAW), the STW acoustic mode features some unique properties which makes it very attractive for low-noise microwave oscillator applications in the 1.0 to 3.0 GHz frequency range in which SAW based or dielectric resonator oscillators (DRO) fail to provide satisfactory performance. These STW properties include: high propagation velocity, material Q-values exceeding three times those of SAW and bulk acoustic waves (BAW) on quartz, low propagation loss, unprecedented 1/f device phase noise, extremely high power handling ability, as well as low aging and low vibration sensitivity. This paper reviews the fundamentals of STW propagation in resonant geometries on rotated Y-cuts of quartz and highlights important design aspects necessary for achieving desired STW resonator performance. Different designs of high- and low-Q, low-loss resonant devices and coupled resonator filters (CRF) in the 1.0 to 2.5 GHz range are characterized and discussed. Design details and data on state-of-the-art STW based fixed frequency and voltage controlled oscillators (VCO) with low phase noise and high power efficiency are presented. Finally, several applications of STW devices in GHz range data transmitters, receivers and sensors are described and discussed.

scholarly journals Opto-Electronic Oscillators for Micro- and Millimeter Wave Signal Generation

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 857
Author(s):  
Mehmet Alp Ilgaz ◽  
Bostjan Batagelj
Keyword(s):  
Phase Noise ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Delay Line ◽  
Access Network ◽  
Local Oscillator ◽  
Signal Generation ◽  
High Frequency Signal ◽  
Wave Signal ◽  
Noise Characteristics ◽  
Low Phase Noise

High-frequency signal oscillators are devices needed for a variety of scientific disciplines. One of their fundamental requirements is low phase noise in the micro- and millimeter wave ranges. The opto-electronic oscillator (OEO) is a good candidate for this, as it is capable of generating a signal with very low phase noise in the micro- and millimeter wave ranges. The OEO consists of an optical resonator with electrical feedback components. The optical components form a delay line, which has the advantage that the phase noise is independent of the oscillator’s frequency. Furthermore, by using a long delay line, the phase noise characteristics of the oscillator are improved. This makes it possible to widen the range of possible OEO applications. In this paper we have reviewed the state of the art for OEOs and micro- and millimeter wave signal generation as well as new developments for OEOs and the use of OEOs in a variety of applications. In addition, a possible implementation of a centralized OEO signal distribution as a local oscillator for a 5G radio access network (RAN) is demonstrated.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ON A MAGNETIC FIELD SENSOR WITH A FREQUENCY OUTPUT SIGNAL BASED ON A TUNNEL-RESONANCE DIODE

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Alexander Osadchuk ◽  
Vladimir Osadchuk ◽  
Iaroslav Osadchuk
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Output Signal ◽  
Differential Resistance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensor ◽  
Magnetic Field Sensors ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Frequency Output ◽  
Field Sensor

Based on the consideration of physical processes in a tunnel-resonant diode under the action of a magnetic field, the construction of an autogenerating magnetic field sensor with a frequency output signal is proposed. The use of devices with negative differential resistance makes it possible to significantly simplify the design of magnetic field sensors in the entire RF frequency range. Depending on the operating modes of the sensor, an output signal can be obtained in the form of harmonic oscillations, as well as in the form of pulse oscillations of a special form. The study of the characteristics of the magnetic field sensor is based on the complete equivalent circuit of the tunnel-resonant diode. The equivalent circuit takes into account both the capacitive and inductive properties of the tunneling resonant diode. The inductive component exists under any operating conditions, as a result of the fact that the current flowing through the device is always lagging behind the voltage that caused it, which corresponds to the inductive response of a tunnel-resonant diode.

scholarly journals The Application of the Theory of Synthesis of a Delay Line with a Surface Acoustic Wave for a Single-Mode Oscillator of Electric Signals in Some Sensors of Non-Electrical Quantities

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-576
Author(s):  
Milan Šimko ◽  
Miroslav Gutten ◽  
Milan Chupáč ◽  
Daniel Korenčiak
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Surface Acoustic Wave ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Delay Line ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Delay Lines ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Electric Signals

AbstractThe paper deals with the issue of constructing delay lines on the basis of surface acoustic waves and their application to single-mode oscillators. As a result of a theoretical analysis concrete delay lines are proposed.In the contribution, there is presented a theory of designing a symmetrical mismatched and matched delay line for a single-mode oscillator of electrical signals on the basis of which there were designed and fabricated acoustic-electronic components for sensors of non-electrical quantities.From the experimental results it can be stated that all of six designed and fabricated delay lines can be effectively used in the construction of single-mode oscillators.

Interaction of surface acoustic waves and ultraviolet light in ZnO films

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parmanand Sharma ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
K. Sreenivas
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Delay Line ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Surface Acoustic Waves ◽  
Zno Films ◽  
Zno Thin Film ◽  
Linear Change ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Upper Surface Layer ◽  
Ultraviolet Sensor

The frequency response of a 37 MHz bulk LiNbO3 surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter with a 200-nm-thick ZnO overlayer exhibited a downshift in the frequency with ultraviolet (UV) light due to acoustoelectric interactions between the photo-generated carriers in the semiconducting ZnO and the surface acoustic waves. In contrast, a 36 MHz ZnO thin film SAW delay-line with insulating ZnO films exhibited an upshift in the frequency. The response was more pronounced at higher harmonics (130–315 MHz) and was attributed to changes in the elastic/dielectric properties in the upper surface layer of ZnO. A linear change in the frequency with UV intensity shows immense applicability for wireless ultraviolet sensor applications.

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