scholarly journals Spectral Fingerprint Investigation in the near Infra-Red to Distinguish Harmful Ethylene Glycol from Isopropanol in a Microchannel

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Bodo ◽  
Sabina Merlo ◽  
Valentina Bello
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Optical Spectrum ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Optical Spectrum Analyzer ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Rectangular Section ◽  
Interaction Length ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Alcoholic Mixtures ◽  
Good Agreement

Ethylene glycol (EG) and isopropanol (ISO) are among the major toxic alcohols that pose a risk to human health. However, it is important to distinguish them, since EG is more prone to cause renal failure, and can thus be more dangerous when ingested than ISO. Analysis of alcohols such as isopropanol and ethylene glycol generally can be performed with a complex chromatographic method. Here, we present an optical method based on absorption spectroscopy, performed remotely on EG-ISO mixtures filling a microchannel. Mixtures of ethylene glycol in isopropanol at different volume concentrations were analyzed in a contactless manner in a rectangular-section glass micro-capillary provided with integrated reflectors. Fiber-coupled broadband light in the wavelength range 1.3–1.7 µm crossed the microchannel multiple times before being directed towards an optical spectrum analyzer. The induced zig-zag path increased the fluid–light interaction length and enhanced the effect of optical absorption. A sophisticated theoretical model was developed and the results of our simulations were in very good agreement with the results of the experimental spectral measurements. Moreover, from the acquired data, we retrieved a responsivity parameter, defined as power ratio at two wavelengths, that is linearly related to the EG concentration in the alcoholic mixtures.

ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF CRYSTALLINE C60

1992 ◽  
Vol 06 (06) ◽  
pp. 309-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.Y. CHING ◽  
MING-ZHU HUANG ◽  
YONG-NIAN XU ◽  
FANQI GAN
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Electronic Structure ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Optical Spectrum ◽  
Local Density ◽  
Low Dielectric Constant ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Good Agreement

The electronic structure and optical properties of crystalline C 60 and their pressure dependence have been studied by first-principles local density calculations. It is shown that fcc C 60 has a low dielectric constant and an optical spectrum rich in structures. The spectrum shows five disconnected absorption bands in the 1.4 to 7.0 eV region with sharp structures in each band that can be attributed to critical point transitions. This is a manifestation of the localized molecular structure coupled with long range crystalline order unique to the C 60 crystal. At a sufficient high pressure, the structures in the optical spectrum start to merge due to the merging of the bands. These results are in good agreement with some recent experimental measurements.

Investigation of Rayleigh-Assisted Coherent Optical Spectrum Analyzer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Dang ◽  
Linqi Chen ◽  
Huanhuan Liu ◽  
Jinna Chen ◽  
Luoyuan Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Analyzer ◽  
Optical Spectrum Analyzer

Effect of Model Pollutants on the Recycling of PE/PS Plastic Blends

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasnim Kallel ◽  
Valérie Massardier-Nageotte ◽  
Mohamed Jaziri ◽  
Jean-François Gérard ◽  
Boubaker Elleuch
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Molar Mass ◽  
Polar Molecule ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Absorbed Energy ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Agreement

PE/PS blends have been extensively studied with the objective of improving their recycling. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of potential pollutants on properties of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/polystyrene (PS) plastic blends. The pollutants selected were a polar molecule of low molar mass, i.e. ethylene glycol, and an oil for engine which can be considered as less polar higher molar mass molecules. Such study can be considered for the recycling of polymer wastes from automotive applications. The compatibilizer used for PE/PS blends was a non-grafted Styrene-Ethylene Butene-Styrene copolymer (SEBS). Rheological properties, morphology and mechanical properties were analyzed. Study of the morphologies and of the mechanical properties shows that a small polar molecule such as ethylene glycol can form a third phase whereas an oil can improve compatibilization (lower diameter of the dispersed phase, better adhesion). Morphologies are in good agreement with mechanical behavior. For PE/PS blends, the lower adhesion due to the presence of ethylene glycol induced a decrease of the viscosity and absorbed energy. On the opposite, the presence of oil decreases the diameter of the dispersed phase, which leads to a significant improvement of the impact properties.

scholarly journals Retrieval of stratospheric and tropospheric BrO columns from multi-axis DOAS measurements at Reunion Island (21° S, 56° E)

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 8261-8308 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Theys ◽  
M. Van Roozendael ◽  
F. Hendrick ◽  
C. Fayt ◽  
C. Hermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Data ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Reunion Island ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Réunion Island ◽  
One Year ◽  
Chemical Fields ◽  
Latitudinal Band ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. Spectral measurements of BrO using zenith-sky and off-axis viewing geometries are combined in a linear multiple regression retrieval algorithm to provide stratospheric and tropospheric BrO vertical columns. One year of measurement data are investigated over Reunion-Island (20.9° S, 55.5° E), from July 2004 to July 2005. No seasonal variations of the retrieved BrO columns could be observed, in line with previous studies. A comparison between the stratospheric columns retrieved at 45°, 80°, 85°, 87.5° and 92.5° solar zenith angles and photochemical simulations initialized by chemical fields from the 3-D-CTM SLIMCAT and further constrained by observed NO2 profiles shows a good agreement only by considering a contribution from the very short-lived organic bromine substances to the stratospheric inorganic bromine budget, of 6 to 8 pptv. Furthermore, stratospheric BrO profiles retrieved from late twilight zenith-sky observations are consistent with a total inorganic bromine (Bry) loading of approximately 23 pptv. This represents 6 to 7 pptv more than can be supplied by long-lived organic bromine sources, and therefore supports an added contribution from very short-lived organic bromine substances as recently suggested in several other studies. Moreover strong evidences are presented for the existence of a substantial amount of BrO in the tropical free-troposphere, around 6 km altitude, possibly supplied by the decomposition of short-lived biogenic bromine organic compounds. Tropospheric BrO vertical columns of 1.1±0.45×1013 molec/cm2 are derived for the entire observation period. Comparisons between ground-based BrO vertical columns and total BrO columns derived from SCIAMACHY (onboard the ENVISAT satellite) nadir observations in a latitudinal band centered around 21° S present a good level of consistency, which further strengthens the conclusions of our study.

Determination of Uncombined Intermediates in FD&C Yellow No. 6 by High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography

1974 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
Manjeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
Sulfanilic Acid ◽  
Sunset Yellow ◽  
High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Method ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract A high-pressure liquid chromatographic method is presented for the isolation and determination of uncombined intermediates in FD&C Yellow No. 6 (sunset yellow FCF, CI. No. 15895). Samples of FD&C Yellow No. 6 containing 0.1-0.4% sulfanilic acid, 0.1-0.4% 6-hydroxy-2-naphthalenesulfonic acid, and 0.3— 1.0% 6,6'-oxybis(2-naphthalenesulfonic acid) were prepared and analyzed using this method. Recoveries ranged between 94 and 101%. Twenty-two samples of FD&C Yellow No. 6 were analyzed by the conventional column elution chromatographic method as well as by the high-pressure liquid chromatographic method. Good agreement was obtained between the 2 methods.

scholarly journals All-fiber Brillouin optical spectrum analyzer based on self-sweeping fiber laser

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 17600 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Tkachenko ◽  
I. A. Lobach ◽  
S. I. Kablukov
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Optical Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Analyzer ◽  
Optical Spectrum Analyzer
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