scholarly journals Physical Qualities Pertaining to Shorter and Longer Change-of-Direction Speed Test Performance in Men and Women

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Lockie ◽  
Brett Post ◽  
J. Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Training Time ◽  
Linear Speed ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Lower Body Power

This study investigated relationships between shorter (505, change-of-direction (COD) deficit as a derived physical quality) and longer (Illinois agility test; IAT) COD tests with linear speed, lower-body power (multidirectional jumping), and strength in recreationally-trained individuals. Twenty-one males and 22 females (similar to collegiate club-sport and tactical athletes) were assessed in: 505 and COD deficit from each leg; IAT; 20 m sprint; vertical jump (VJ height, peak anaerobic power measured in watts (PAPw), power-to-body mass ratio); standing broad jump; lateral jump (LJ) from each leg; and absolute and relative isometric midthigh pull (IMTP) strength. Partial correlations calculated sex-determined relationships between the COD and performance tests, with regression equations calculated (p < 0.05). The 505 and IAT correlated with all tests except PAPw and absolute IMTP (r = ±0.43–0.71). COD deficit correlated with the LJ (r = −0.34–0.60). Left- and right-leg 505 was predicted by sex, 20 m sprint, and left-leg LJ (70–77% explained variance). Right-leg COD deficit was predicted by sex and left-leg LJ (27% explained variance). IAT was predicted by sex, 20 m sprint, right-leg LJ, and relative IMTP (84% explained variance). For individuals with limited training time, improving linear speed, and relative lower-body power and strength, could enhance shorter and longer COD performance.

scholarly journals Lower-Body Power Relationships to Linear Speed, Change-of-Direction Speed, and High-Intensity Running Performance in DI Collegiate Women’s Basketball Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Daveena S. Banda ◽  
Maria M. Beitzel ◽  
Joseph D. Kammerer ◽  
Isaac Salazar ◽  
Robert G. Lockie
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Linear Speed ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Speed Change ◽  
Lower Body Power

AbstractBasketball players need to sprint and change direction, and lower-body power (often measured by jump tests) should contribute. How different jumps relate to linear and change-of-direction (COD) speed, and high-intensity running has not been analyzed in Division I (DI) collegiate women’s basketballers. Twelve players completed the vertical jump (VJ), two-step approach jump (AppJ), and standing broad jump (SBJ). Average (AvgP) and peak power (PeakP), and PeakP: body mass (P:BM) were derived from VJ height; relative SBJ was derived from SBJ distance. Players also completed: 10 m and ¾ court sprints (linear speed), the pro-agility shuttle (COD speed), and the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIRT1; high-intensity running). Pearson’s correlations (p < 0.05) calculated relationships between the jump and running tests. The AppJ correlated to the ¾ court sprint and pro-agility shuttle (r = -.663 to -.805). AvgP and PeakP correlated to the 10 m sprint, ¾ court sprint, and pro-agility shuttle (r = .589-.766). P:BM and relative SBJ correlated with all running tests (linear and COD speed r = -.620 to -.805; YYIRT1 r = .622.803). The AppJ stresses the stretch-shortening capacities of the legs, and this quality is important for faster linear and COD speed. AvgP and PeakP are influenced by body mass; while larger athletes produce greater power, they also may display slower 10 m sprint and pro-agility shuttle times, and lesser YYIRT1 performance. Strength coaches should ensure players can generate high relative power (i.e. P:BM, relative SBJ) for faster linear and COD speed, and high-intensity running.

scholarly journals An introductory analysis as to the influence of lower-body power on multidirectional speed in collegiate female rugby players

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 113-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. Lockie ◽  
Ashley J. Orjalo ◽  
Victoria L. Amran ◽  
Deshaun L. Davis ◽  
Fabrice G. Risso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Rugby Player ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Speed Test ◽  
Speed Performance ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Rugby Players ◽  
Lower Body Power

AbstractThis study investigated relationships between lower-body power, measured by a vertical jump (VJ) and standing broad jump (SBJ), with multidirectional speed in collegiate female rugby players. The rugby player data was compared to that of general team sport athletes to ascertain whether there were characteristics specific to collegiate rugby players. Multi-directional speed was measured by a 20-meter (m) sprint (0-5, 0-10, 0-20 m intervals) and 505 change-of-direction speed test. Eight rugby players and eight team sport athletes completed all tests. Spearman’s correlations calculated relationships between the VJ and SBJ with the speed tests, and stepwise multiple regressions determined whether the jump tests predicted speed performance (p≤ 0.05). For the rugby players, the VJ correlated with the 0-20 m interval (r = −0.73). The SBJ correlated with the 0-5 and 0-10 m intervals, and the left-leg 505 (r = −0.71 to −0.88), and predicted 0-5 m and left-leg 505 time (r2= 0.50-0.58). For the team sport athletes, only the VJ correlated with left-leg 505 (r = −0.80), and predicted left- and right-leg 505 times (r2= 0.61-0.69). The results suggest that horizontal power measured by a SBJ has a greater contribution to multidirectional speed in collegiate female rugby players.

scholarly journals Physical performance characteristics of university male tennis players in division I and II

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 256-261
Author(s):  
E. Özkatar Kaya ◽  
M. Karahan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Division I ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Fatigue Index ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Index Level

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to examine the physical performance characteristics of Division-I (D-I) and Division-II (D-II) university male tennis players and to evaluate whether these characteristics could be determinative on the divisional differentiation. Material: Twenty athletes who compete in D=I (n=10) and D-II (n=10) of Turkey university tennis league (n=10) and also ranked in top-ten in their division voluntarily participated in this study. Results: Measurement of agility, upper and lower body explosive powers, fatigue index, aerobic and anaerobic powers was conducted on two non-consecutive days. Significant differences were observed in physical performance characteristics powers between the groups (p<0.05). D-I players had significantly greater anaerobic power, agility, vertical jump height, upper and lower body explosive powers, and lower fatigue index level than D-II players. However, aerobic power did not differ between groups. Conclusions: It may be possible that these results allow us to suggest that physical performance characteristics should be regarded as one of the important discriminative factors in determining the competitive level of university male tennis players.

scholarly journals Absolute and Relative Strength, Power and Physiological Characteristics of Indian Junior National-Level Judokas

Sports ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Dale M. Harris ◽  
Kristina Kendall ◽  
G. Gregory Haff ◽  
Christopher Latella
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Gold Medal ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Body Strength

The physical qualities that underpin successful junior judokas requires continuing investigation. We investigated the physical and physiological characteristics of junior national level judokas. We tested 25 (15 male, 10 female) Indian judokas for absolute and relative strength (back-squat and bench-press one-repetition maximum (1RM) as well as isometric handgrip), aerobic (RAMP test) and lower-body anaerobic power (Wingate 6-s sprint and countermovement jump), change-of-direction (5-0-5 test) and speed (30 m sprint). Athletes were grouped according to national-level competition placing (gold-medal winners (GM; n = 8), all medal winners (MW; n = 13), non-medallists (NM; n = 12), and NM plus silver and bronze; all others (AO; n = 17)). Stepwise discriminant function analysis determined characteristics likely to predict successful performance. Independent t-tests and effect size (Hedge’s g) analyses were performed between groups. GM demonstrated greater lower-body absolute (20.0%; g = 0.87, p = 0.046) and relative 1RM strength (21.0%; g = 0.87, p = 0.047), and greater lower-body absolute (25.4%; g=1.32, p=0.004) and relative (27.3%; g = 1.27, p = 0.005) anaerobic power compared to AO. Furthermore, anaerobic power can correctly predict 76.5% and 62.5% of AO and GM athletes, respectively. No differences were observed between MW and NM groups. The results suggest the importance of lower-body strength and power for junior national-level judokas and provides information for professionals working with these athletes.

scholarly journals Associations between Absolute and Relative Lower Body Strength to Measures of Power and Change of Direction Speed in Division II Female Volleyball Players

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney Tramel ◽  
Robert G. Lockie ◽  
Keston G. Lindsay ◽  
J. Jay Dawes
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Relative Strength ◽  
T Test ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Lower Body Strength

Volleyball is a sport comprised of multiple explosive efforts and multidirectional change of direction speed (CODS) actions. Since strength underpins both of these abilities, it is important to explore the relationship between these variables in order to develop strength and conditioning programs to optimize performance. The purpose of this study is to determine if a relationship exists between absolute and relative strength and measures of power and CODS in collegiate volleyball players. Archived testing data from ten (n = 10, age: 19.1 ± 1.2 yrs, Ht: 173.1 ± 6.64 cm, Wt: 67 ± 7.04 kg) female DII collegiate volleyball players were analyzed. These data included: block vertical jump (Block VJ), approach vertical jump (Approach VJ), a repeat jump test (i.e., four consecutive VJs), modified T-test, 5-0-5 agility test, a single leg triple hop test, and a 1-3RM deadlift. Significant large correlations were observed between relative strength and the repeat jump test, modified T-test, and 5-0-5 agility test. Significant correlations were also observed between absolute strength and the modified T-test. These results indicate that strength and conditioning professionals should emphasize the development of both absolute and relative lower-body strength to improve measures of power and agility in collegiate volleyball players.

scholarly journals Skeletal age and explosive strength in young volleyball players

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petrus Gantois ◽  
Vanessa C. M. Pinto ◽  
Kezianne R. de Castro ◽  
Paulo V. João ◽  
Paulo M. S. Dantas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Skeletal Age ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Explosive Strength ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Biological Development ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Medicine Ball

Identifying diferent anthropometric, physiological and motor aspects is essential to obtain success in sports practice. However, these components may be developed in same age subjects diferently, in part due biological development. he aim of the study was compare and correlate the explosive strength to biological maturation by sex, obtained by estimation of skeletal age based on anthropometric variables. he sample consisted of 239 subjects of both sexes, aged 10 to 13 years. Maturation was assessed by skeletal age predictive equation and upper and lower limbs explosive strength using medicine ball throw test and vertical jump, respectively. Skeletal age was assessed by skeletal age using a predictive anthropometrical based equation. Upper and lower limbs explosive strength were evaluated by medicine ball throwing test and vertical jump test, respectively. Post hoc analysis showed delayed biological development subjects had worst medicine ball throwing test performance than accelerated boys (p=0.001; d=0.96) and girls (p< 0.01; d= 2.01); regarding to vertical jump test, worst performance was also detected to maturational delayed boys when compared to accelerated ones (p=0.24; d=1.1) and girls (p=0.007; d=0.75). Regression analysis showed skeletal age explained variance of 36% and 19.2% for boys and 45.2% and 16.1% for girls upper and lower limbs explosive strength. Skeletal age is positively related to upper and lower limbs explosive strength and show higher performance for accelerated biological development young players when compared to delayed ones, independently from sex. 

scholarly journals A Pilot Study Involving the Effect of Two Different Complex Training Protocols on Lower Body Power

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad E. Smith ◽  
Brian Lyons ◽  
James C. Hannon
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Power ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Strength Exercise ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Complex Training ◽  
Lower Body Power ◽  
Squat Jumps ◽  
Training Protocols

AbstractPurpose. Complex training (CT) involves the coupling of two exercises ostensibly to enhance the effect of the second exercise. Typically, the first exercise is a strength exercise and the second exercise is a power exercise involving similar muscles. In most cases, CT is designed to enhance power. The purpose of this study was twofold. First, this study was designed to determine if lower body power could be enhanced using complex training protocols. Second, this study investigated whether the inclusion of a power exercise instead of a strength exercise as the first exercise in CT would produce differences in lower body power. Methods. Thirty-six recreationally-trained men and women aged 20 to 29 years attending a college physical education course were randomly assigned to one of three groups: squat and countermovement squat jumps (SSJ), kettlebell swings and countermovement squat jumps (KSJ), and a control (CON). Training involving CT lasted 6 weeks. All participants were pre- and posttested for vertical jump performance in order to assess lower body power. Results. Vertical jump scores improved for all groups (p < 0.01). The results also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between group scores across time (p = 0.215). The statistical power for this analysis was low (0.312), most likely due to the small sample size. However, the results did reveal a trend suggesting that the training improvements were greater for both the SSJ and KSJ groups compared with the CON (by 171% and 107%, respectively) although significance was not reached. Conclusions. Due to the observed trend, a replication of this study with a greater number of participants over a longer period of time is warranted.

Influence of Recovery Time on Warm-Up Effects in Male Adolescent Athletes

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery D. Faigenbaum ◽  
James E. McFarland ◽  
Neil A. Kelly ◽  
Nicholas A. Ratamess ◽  
Jie Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recovery Time ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Male Adolescent ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Adolescent Athletes ◽  
Static Stretch ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Lower Body Power

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of recovery time following a dynamic warm-up (DY) and a static stretch warm-up (SS) on power performance in adolescent athletes. Following baseline measures, 19 males (16.5 ± 1.1 yrs) performed the vertical jump (VJ) and seated medicine ball toss (MB) at the following time points after DY and SS: 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22 min. Analysis of variance revealed that VJ was significantly greater following DY than SS at 2, 6, 10, 14 and 18 min. Main effects indicated a significant increase in VJ from baseline at 2 and 6 min following DY (2.6–3.9%) and a significant decrease in VJ from baseline at 2, 6, 10, 14 and 18 min following SS (–3.2% to –7.0%). No significant interaction effects between DY and SS were observed for MB. These findings indicate that lower body power performance in male adolescent athletes can be enhanced following DY as compared with SS during the first 18 min of the post warm-up period.

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