Associations between Absolute and Relative Lower Body Strength to Measures of Power and Change of Direction Speed in Division II Female Volleyball Players

Volleyball is a sport comprised of multiple explosive efforts and multidirectional change of direction speed (CODS) actions. Since strength underpins both of these abilities, it is important to explore the relationship between these variables in order to develop strength and conditioning programs to optimize performance. The purpose of this study is to determine if a relationship exists between absolute and relative strength and measures of power and CODS in collegiate volleyball players. Archived testing data from ten (n = 10, age: 19.1 ± 1.2 yrs, Ht: 173.1 ± 6.64 cm, Wt: 67 ± 7.04 kg) female DII collegiate volleyball players were analyzed. These data included: block vertical jump (Block VJ), approach vertical jump (Approach VJ), a repeat jump test (i.e., four consecutive VJs), modified T-test, 5-0-5 agility test, a single leg triple hop test, and a 1-3RM deadlift. Significant large correlations were observed between relative strength and the repeat jump test, modified T-test, and 5-0-5 agility test. Significant correlations were also observed between absolute strength and the modified T-test. These results indicate that strength and conditioning professionals should emphasize the development of both absolute and relative lower-body strength to improve measures of power and agility in collegiate volleyball players.

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Relationship of Absolute and Relative Lower-Body Strength to Predictors of Athletic Performance in Collegiate Women Soccer Players

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports6040106 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 106 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Emily Andersen ◽

Robert Lockie ◽

J. Dawes

Keyword(s):

Athletic Performance ◽

Vertical Jump ◽

Relative Strength ◽

T Test ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Lower Body ◽

Back Squat ◽

Body Strength ◽

Lower Body Strength ◽

Division Ii

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between absolute and relative lower-body strength on predictors of athletic performance among Division II collegiate women’s soccer players. Archived pre-season testing data for seventeen (n = 17) female National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) Division II soccer players were analyzed, including: vertical jump, 3RM back squat, 505-agility, modified T-test, 10 m and 30 m sprint, and 20 m multistage fitness test (20 m MSFT). Relative strength was calculated based on the estimated 1RM back squat divided by the athlete’s body mass. Significant correlations were discovered between absolute lower-body strength and 505-agility (Right: r = −0.51, p < 0.05; Left: r = −0.59, p < 0.05), modified T-test (r = −0.55, p < 0.05), 10 m and 30 m (r = −0.59, p < 0.05; r = −0.54, p < 0.05), and sprint performance. Relative lower-body strength showed significant correlations with vertical jump (r = 0.54, p < 0.05), 505-agility (Right: r = −0.58, p < 0.05; Left: r = −0.67, p < 0.01), modified T-test (r = −0.75, p < 0.01), 10 m and 30 m (r = −0.59 p < 0.05; r = −0.67, p < 0.01), and the 20 m MSFT (r = 0.58, p < 0.05). These results indicate that strength and conditioning coaches should emphasize the development of absolute and relative lower-body strength with their players to improve power, agility, and speed performance.

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Impact of an 11-Week Strength and Conditioning Program on Firefighter Trainee Fitness

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12166541 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (16) ◽

pp. 6541 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brandon L. Stone ◽

Brent A. Alvar ◽

Robin M. Orr ◽

Robert G. Lockie ◽

Quincy R. Johnson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Fitness ◽

Aerobic Fitness ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Vertical Jump ◽

Conditioning Session ◽

Lower Body ◽

Strength And Conditioning ◽

Academy Training ◽

Body Strength ◽

Lower Body Strength

Physical fitness is an important aspect of physical health and wellbeing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 11-weeks of formal strength and conditioning training conducted during fire academy training on the physical fitness characteristics of firefighter trainees. Archived physical fitness data for 23 male fire academy trainees (age: 27.6 ± 4.3 y; height: 178.5 ± 6.9 cm; body mass [BM]: 83.9 ± 1.8 kg; BM index [BMI]: 26.8 ± 2.8 kg/m2) were analyzed for this study. These data included vertical jump height, maximum pull-up repetitions, hand grip strength, lower-body strength (3RM Hexbar) and aerobic fitness. Trainees performed three sessions per week (two resistance training sessions and one aerobic conditioning session) in addition to fire academy training. A repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant (p < 0.05) pre-post decreases in BM and BMI and significant increases in upper- and lower-body strength, and aerobic fitness. Strength and conditioning programs are beneficial for improving firefighter trainees’ physical fitness even when run concurrently with fire academy training and with limited space and equipment. This increased fitness may aid in mitigating known occupational injury risks to this population and improve task performance.

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Longitudinal Strength, Power, and Push-Start Performance Changes in a Skeleton Athlete: Case Study

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2020-0727 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Tim J. Mosey ◽

Lachlan J.G. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Linear Model ◽

Mixed Effects ◽

Relative Strength ◽

Lower Body ◽

Start Time ◽

Body Strength ◽

Longitudinal Strength ◽

Lower Body Strength ◽

The Relationship

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to document the longitudinal strength and power characteristic changes and race performance changes of a skeleton athlete. Method: Longitudinal strength and power changes were assessed with strength and power diagnostic testing over a 9-year period. Trends over 9 years for relative strength were analyzed using a linear model. Push-start time was recorded across multiple tracks. Trends over 9 years for start performance at each track were assessed using a mixed-effects linear model to account for the impact of different tracks. Lower-body strength and power changes were assessed via a 1-repetition-maximum squat and a body-weight countermovement jump. The relationship between strength and power changes was assessed over time. The relationship between strength changes and start performance was determined by assessing the fixed effect of relative strength changes on push-start time. Results: Relative lower-body strength ranged from 1.6 kg per body weight to 1.9 kg per body weight and showed a significant mean improvement of 0.05 kg per body weight per year (R2 = .71, P < .01). A negative correlation (R2 = .79) between relative strength changes and push-start performance across multiple tracks was found. The mixed-effects model indicated that push-start time improved significantly year to year (0.02 s; P < .001; R2 = .74) when controlling for the effect of track. Conclusions: The longitudinal analysis of push-start time and the associations with changes in strength suggest that training this quality can have a positive effect on push-start performance.

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THE ADDITION BALLISTIC STRETCHING ON KNEE TUCK JUMP EXERCISE MORE EFFECTIVE THAN KNEE TUCK JUMP EXERCISE TO INCREASE POWER OF LEG MUSCLE OF VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS MALE IN THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE UDAYANA UNIVERSITY

Majalah Ilmiah Fisioterapi Indonesia ◽

10.24843/mifi.2018.v06.i01.p06 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 18

Author(s):

I Made Dwi Apri Pramana ◽

I Putu Sutha Nurmawan ◽

I Putu Adiartha Griadhi ◽

Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryanthini

Keyword(s):

Muscle Power ◽

Vertical Jump ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Explosive Power ◽

Jump Exercise ◽

Jump Test ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Leg Muscle ◽

Leg Muscle Power

Muscle power was defined as the combination between speed and strenght of muscle contraction and enters in the fitness components. Plyometrics exercises can be used to improve the skills of volleyball players. This study was an experimental study using research designs pre test and post test control group design. The sampling technique inthis study with a simple random sampling. The total sample of 20 person so in one group consisted of 10 person. The first group was given additional ballistic stretching on knee tuck jump exercise. The second group was given knee tuck jump exercise. Measurements of leg muscle power using vertical jump test. Normality test p > 0.05 and homogeneitytest p > 0.05. The results showed an increase in leg muscle power in first group amounted to 14.30 cm and in second group an increase of 7.70 cm. Paired samples t-test p value = 0.000 (p <0.05) in first group and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05) in second group. Test increase explosive power leg muscle after exercise in both groups using independent sample t-test obtained first group and second group where p = 0.000 (p <0.05) with an increase in the percentage of 30.95% in the first group and 16.73% in the second group. From the research done can be concluded that the addition of ballisticstretching on knee tuck jump exercise is more effective than knee tuck jump exercise in increasing explosive power leg muscle in male volleyball players Medical Faculty Of Udayana University. Keywords: muscle power, ballistic stretching, knee tuck jump, vertical jump test.

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Strength and Power Changes During an In-season Resistance Training Program for Male CIS Volleyball Players

USURJ University of Saskatchewan Undergraduate Research Journal ◽

10.32396/usurj.v1i2.102 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Doug Hillis ◽

Matthew Okrainec

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Vertical Jump ◽

Squat Jump ◽

Vertical Jump Height ◽

Linear Resistance ◽

Body Strength ◽

Non Linear ◽

Volleyball Players ◽

Jump Power ◽

Lower Body Strength

Previous research has indicated that performing repetitions to failure at greater than 80% one repetition max (1 RM) one day per week using a non-‐linear training program can maintain strength and power in many athletic populations. However, this finding has not been directly assessed in male university volleyball players. The purpose of this study was to determine if non-‐linear training two days a week could maintain upper and lower body strength, and vertical jump power and height over the course of a competitive volleyball season, measured at three time points. Eleven trained Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS) male athletes were a part of a single training group which completed a maintenance program consisting of non-‐linear training for 17 weeks. At each testing time point, the participants completed a bench press, squat, squat jump, countermovement jump, and three step jump and reach. We predicted that non-‐linear resistance training of mixed intensities twice a week would allow players to maintain strength, vertical jump power, and vertical jump height. Results indicated that upper body strength can be maintained over the course of a competition period with non-‐linear resistance training (p = 0.043). Scores for lower body strength, vertical jump squat jump power, vertical jump countermovement jump power, and vertical jump height increased over the course of the season (p's < 0.001, 0.14, 0.181, and 0.006, respectively). Our results indicate that male volleyball players can benefit from non-‐linear training to maintain or improve performance when training at > 80% 1 RM to failure once a week during a competition season.

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Absolute and Relative Strength, Power and Physiological Characteristics of Indian Junior National-Level Judokas

Sports ◽

10.3390/sports8020014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 14

Author(s):

Dale M. Harris ◽

Kristina Kendall ◽

G. Gregory Haff ◽

Christopher Latella

Keyword(s):

Function Analysis ◽

National Level ◽

Anaerobic Power ◽

Gold Medal ◽

Relative Strength ◽

Physiological Characteristics ◽

Lower Body ◽

Isometric Handgrip ◽

Change Of Direction ◽

Body Strength

The physical qualities that underpin successful junior judokas requires continuing investigation. We investigated the physical and physiological characteristics of junior national level judokas. We tested 25 (15 male, 10 female) Indian judokas for absolute and relative strength (back-squat and bench-press one-repetition maximum (1RM) as well as isometric handgrip), aerobic (RAMP test) and lower-body anaerobic power (Wingate 6-s sprint and countermovement jump), change-of-direction (5-0-5 test) and speed (30 m sprint). Athletes were grouped according to national-level competition placing (gold-medal winners (GM; n = 8), all medal winners (MW; n = 13), non-medallists (NM; n = 12), and NM plus silver and bronze; all others (AO; n = 17)). Stepwise discriminant function analysis determined characteristics likely to predict successful performance. Independent t-tests and effect size (Hedge’s g) analyses were performed between groups. GM demonstrated greater lower-body absolute (20.0%; g = 0.87, p = 0.046) and relative 1RM strength (21.0%; g = 0.87, p = 0.047), and greater lower-body absolute (25.4%; g=1.32, p=0.004) and relative (27.3%; g = 1.27, p = 0.005) anaerobic power compared to AO. Furthermore, anaerobic power can correctly predict 76.5% and 62.5% of AO and GM athletes, respectively. No differences were observed between MW and NM groups. The results suggest the importance of lower-body strength and power for junior national-level judokas and provides information for professionals working with these athletes.

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An Alternative Test of Tackling Ability in Rugby League Players

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2016-0701 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 347-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Michael J.A. Speranza ◽

Tim J. Gabbett ◽

David A. Greene ◽

Rich D. Johnston ◽

Andrew D. Townshend ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

First Grade ◽

Rugby League ◽

Second Grade ◽

Lower Body ◽

Strength And Conditioning ◽

Body Strength ◽

Ability Tests ◽

Lower Body Strength ◽

Push Up

This study investigated the relationship between 2 tests of tackling ability, muscle strength, and power in semiprofessional rugby league players. Thirty-one players, 19 first-grade and 12 second-grade, underwent tests of muscle strength (1-repetition-maximum bench press, chin-up, and squat) and power (plyometric push-up and countermovement jump). Tackling ability was assessed via video analysis of under-and over-the-ball tackle drills. The first-grade players had significantly greater scores in both the under-the-ball (P = .03, effect size [ES] = 0.84, 95% CI 0.07–1.50) and over-the-ball tackling-ability tests (P < .001, ES =1.86, 95% CI 0.83–2.52) than the second-grade players. A large, significant relationship was found between under- and over-the-ball tackling ability (r = .55, 95% CI .24–.76, P = .001). Lower-body strength (r = .37, 95% CI .02–.64, P = .04) was moderately associated with under-the-ball tackling ability, whereas over-the-ball tackling ability was moderately associated with plyometric push-up performance (r = .39, 95% CI .04–.65, P = .03). This study found that over-the-ball tackling ability was significantly associated with under-the-ball tackling in semiprofessional rugby league players. Furthermore, it was found that, compared with the second-grade players, the first-grade players had superior tackle ability in both tackle drills. In this study it was observed that plyometric push-up peak power was significantly related to over-the-ball tackling ability and absolute lower-body strength was associated with under-the-ball tackling ability. These findings provide skill coaches and strength and conditioning staff a greater understanding of elements that contribute to effective tackling ability.

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Changes in Strength, Power, and Speed Across a Season in English County Cricketers

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2015-0524 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 50-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Christina Carr ◽

John J. McMahon ◽

Paul Comfort

Keyword(s):

Effect Size ◽

Relative Strength ◽

Sprint Performance ◽

Strength Testing ◽

Lower Body ◽

Back Squat ◽

Competitive Season ◽

Body Strength ◽

Lower Body Strength ◽

Sufficient Stimulus

Purpose:Previous research has investigated changes in athletes’ strength, power, and speed performances across the competitive season of many sports, although this has not been explored in cricketers. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in lower-body strength and jump and sprint performances across an English county cricket season.Methods:Male cricketers (N = 12; age 24.4 ± 2.3 y, body mass 84.3 ± 9.9 kg, height 184.1 ± 8.1 cm) performed countermovement jumps (CMJs) and 20-m sprints on 4 separate occasions and back-squat strength testing on 3 separate occasions across a competitive season.Results:Both absolute (12.9%, P = .005, effect size [ES] = 0.53) and relative lower-body strength (15.8%, P = .004, ES = 0.69) and CMJ height (5.3%, P = .037, ES = 0.42) improved significantly over the preseason training period, although no significant change (1.7%, P > .05) in sprint performance was observed. In contrast, absolute (14.3%, P = .001, ES = 0.72) and relative strength (15.0%, P = .001, ES = 0.77), CMJ height (4.2%, P = .023, ES = 0.40), and sprint performance (3.8%, P = .012, ES = 0.94) declined significantly across the season.Conclusions:The results of this study show that neither the demands of the competitive cricket season nor current in-season training practices provide a sufficient stimulus to maintain strength, jump, and sprint performances in these cricketers. Therefore, coaches should implement a more-frequent, higher-load strength-training program across the competitive cricket season.

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A Descriptive Study of Lower-Body Strength and Power in Overweight Adolescents

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.21.1.34 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 34-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

James L. Nuzzo ◽

Michael J. Cavill ◽

N. Travis Triplett ◽

Jeffrey M. McBride

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Vertical Jump ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Lower Body ◽

Maximal Strength ◽

Jump Performance ◽

Leg Press ◽

Body Strength ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lower Body Strength

The primary purpose of this investigation was to provide a descriptive analysis of lower-body strength and vertical jump performance in overweight male (n = 8) and female (n = 13) adolescents. Maximal strength was tested in the leg press and isometric squat. Kinetic and kinematic variables were assessed in vertical jumps at various loads. When compared with females, males demonstrated significantly greater (p ≤ .05) absolute maximal strength in the leg press. However, when maximal strength was expressed relative to body mass, no significant difference was observed. There were no significant differences between males and females in vertical jump performance at body mass.

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Agility and Leg Power Comparison between University Indoor and Beach Volleyball Players

Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation ◽

10.24112/ajper.181858 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 31-35

Author(s):

Kim Geok SOH ◽

Aminuddin bin Yusof ◽

Kim Lam SOH ◽

Mohd. Sofian Omar Fauzee ◽

Hiong Kwong MOH

Keyword(s):

Vertical Jump ◽

T Test ◽

English Abstract ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Power Comparison ◽

Jump Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Volleyball Players

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. This study sought to compare the agility and leg power between indoor and beach volleyball players in Malaysia, and to investigate the differences for the above variables within gender. The subjects were 25 Malaysian players (6 for beach volleyball and 19 for indoor volleyball) who represented Malaysia in the ASEAN University Games in August 2008 in Kuala Lumpur. The SEMO agility test and Vertical Jump test were used to measure agility and leg power, respectively. The data were analysed descriptively, and the T-test used to establish significant differences between the players. Overall, there was a significant difference in agility between the indoor and beach players (f=7.60, p<0.01), where the beach volleyball players were reported to be more agile. In addition, a significant difference was also reported for leg power between male indoor and beach volleyball players (f=1.47, p>0.24) – the beach players being stronger in term of leg power. There was a similar superiority in agility by the female beach players. The only superiority of the indoor over beach players was by the males in agility. 本研究旨在比較大學排球隊員，與沙灘排球員的身體靈敏度，以及腿部肌肉力量。邀請了25位代表馬來西亞出席世界大學生運動會的球員參與本研究，結果顯示：沙排球員的靈敏度整體較佳，男沙排球員的腿部爆發力則較強。

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