scholarly journals Experimental Study of the Levels of Street Lighting Using Aerial Imagery and Energy Efficiency Calculation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovidio Rabaza ◽  
Evaristo Molero-Mesa ◽  
Fernando Aznar-Dols ◽  
Daniel Gómez-Lorente
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lighting Systems

This article describes an innovative method for measuring lighting levels and other lighting parameters through the use of aerial imagery of towns and cities. Combined with electricity consumption data from smart electricity meters, it was possible to measure the energy efficiency of public lighting installations. The results of this study also confirmed that lighting measurements, installation material, luminaire position, and electricity consumption data can be easily integrated into geographic information systems (GIS). The main advantage of this new methodology is that it provides information about lighting installations in large areas in less time than more conventional procedures. It is thus a more effective way of obtaining the data required to calculate the energy efficiency of lighting levels and electricity consumption. There is even the possibility of generating street lighting maps that provide local administrations with up-to-date information regarding the status of public lighting installations in their city. In this way, modifications or improvements can be made to achieve greater energy savings and, if necessary, to correct the distribution or configuration of public lighting systems to make them more efficient and sustainable. This research studied levels of street lighting and calculated the energy efficiency in various streets of Deifontes (Granada), through the use of aerial imagery.

scholarly journals Internet of things and fuzzy logic for smart street lighting prototypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Mindit Eriyadi ◽  
Ade Gafar Abdullah ◽  
Hasbullah Hasbullah ◽  
Sandy Bhawana Mulia
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Intensity Control ◽  
The Status ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
And Control

Internet of things (IoT) and fuzzy logic are very useful in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of a system; this study applies both to the street lighting systems. The prototype of a street lighting control and monitoring system has been completed. The status of lights that are on or off and the value of the light intensity can be monitored by using IoT. The intensity of the light is fuzzy controlled by utilizing the presence of vehicles and pedestrians around the lights. The prototype is made with a scale against real conditions. Data is processed and transmitted using a microcontroller and Wi-Fi on the IoT module. Mobile applications have been used on smartphone interfaces to monitor and control lamps wherever they are connected to the Internet. Changes in the status of lights to turn on or off are done by the relay module. The fuzzy light intensity control system uses sensors and microcontrollers by utilizing the presence of vehicles and pedestrians around the lights. Performance evaluation has been carried out on a miniature street lighting with the results of monitoring and control following its function. An analysis of the resulting energy savings has been demonstrated.

scholarly journals A Multi-Period Approach for the Optimal Energy Retrofit Planning of Street Lighting Systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Carli ◽  
Mariagrazia Dotoli ◽  
Roberta Pellegrino
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Financial Benefit ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Single Period ◽  
Lighting Energy ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
The City

Investing in the optimal measures for improving the energy efficiency of urban street lighting systems has become strategic for the economic, technological and social development of cities. The decision-making process for the selection of the optimal set of interventions is not so straightforward. Several criticalities-such as difficulties getting access to credit for companies involved in street lighting systems refurbishment, budget constraints of municipalities, and unawareness of the actual energy and economic performance after a retrofitting intervention-require a decision-making approach that supports the city energy manager in selecting the optimal street lighting energy efficiency retrofitting solution while looking not only based on the available budget, but also based on the future savings in energy expenditures. In this context, the purpose of our research is to develop an effective decision-making model supporting the optimal multi-period planning of the street lighting energy efficiency retrofitting, which proves to be more effective and beneficial than the classical single-period approach and has never before been applied to the considered public lighting system context. The proposed methodology is applied to a real street lighting system in the city of Bari, Italy, showing the energy savings and financial benefit obtained through the proposed method. Numerical experiments are used to investigate and quantify the effects of using a multi-period planning approach instead of a single-period approach.

A field study of fluorescent and LED classroom lighting

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Gentile ◽  
T Goven ◽  
T Laike ◽  
K Sjoberg
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Visual Comfort ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Indoor Lighting ◽  
Academic Year

Indoor lighting is facing a massive retrofit to LED lighting. Research is needed to assess whether LED-based lighting can promote energy efficiency, boost visual comfort and support biological functions. This field study considered the lighting of four identical classrooms in an upper secondary school in Helsingborg, Sweden. Two classrooms were fitted with state-of-the-art ceiling pendants containing T5 fluorescent tubes and that had a direct/indirect light distribution (the control rooms). The other two classrooms were fitted with an experimental LED indirect lighting system (the experimental rooms). In the classrooms, 72 students aged 17–18 years performed their usual educational activities over a whole academic year. The light environment, electricity consumption, and students’ mood, light perception and saliva cortisol concentration were monitored. The two lighting systems produced only marginal differences. Overall, the experimental rooms were slightly preferred but achieved only small energy savings due to high parasitic losses.

scholarly journals Energy -Efficient Reconstruction of Public Lighting in Pravets Municipality from Bulgaria

2019 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 04008
Author(s):  
Veselka Kamburova ◽  
Violeta Rasheva ◽  
Michail Velikanov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Europe 2020 ◽  
Europe 2020 Strategy ◽  
Energy Conservation Measures ◽  
The Eu

Improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gases is a central issue of the Europe 2020 strategy. Today enormous electric energy is consumed by the street lighting. Much of it could be saved through suitable energy-conservation measures (ECMs). The energy audit of the street lighting system in the Pravets municipality was carried out in compliance with the legislation in force in the EU and Bulgaria. Data about the present state of street lighting and electricity consumption for a period of 3 years were gathered and analysed. The baseline electricity consumption was defined. Classification of streets was done and the light class of the different categories streets was determined. The potential for energy savings was identified and a package of ECMs was developed. The annual electricity savings are 680 MWh (or 57,441 €/y) and the annual CO2 emissions savings are 557,640 t. The investment for implementation of the envisaged ECMs is 414,840 €. The expected electricity savings compared to the baseline are 75%.

scholarly journals Determining the efficiency of residential electricity consumption

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Andor ◽  
David H. Bernstein ◽  
Stephan Sommer
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Analysis ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Residential Electricity ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Residential Electricity Consumption ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption

AbstractIncreasing energy efficiency is a key global policy goal for climate protection. An important step toward an optimal reduction of energy consumption is the identification of energy saving potentials in different sectors and the best strategies for increasing efficiency. This paper analyzes these potentials in the household sector by estimating the degree of inefficiency in the use of electricity and its determinants. Using stochastic frontier analysis and disaggregated household data, we estimate an input requirement function and inefficiency on a sample of 2000 German households. Our results suggest that the mean inefficiency amounts to around 20%, indicating a notable potential for energy savings. Moreover, we find that household size and income are among the main determinants of individual inefficiency. This information can be used to increase the cost-efficiency of programs aimed to enhance energy efficiency.

Application of Green Lighting Technology in Highway Service – A Case Study of Mt. Lushan West Sea Tourism Highway Service

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 1815-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Chun Qin ◽  
She Gang Shao ◽  
Yi Shen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Light Guide ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Lighting Technology ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Service Application

Green lighting technology has the advantages of energy efficiency, friendly environment, safety and comfort. Based on the introduction of green lighting technology, taken the Mt. Lushan West Sea tourist highway service as the case study, we analyzed light guide illumination, the optimum use of natural light and energy efficient lighting respectively from the aspects of technical characteristics and the specific highway service application. We finally made the economic analysis in the energy savings of green lights in the highway service, and the result showed that through the use of green lighting systems Mt. Lushan West Sea tourist highway service could save electricity and reduce operating costs 134,700 Yuan per year.

scholarly journals An approach to the modernization of street lighting systems based on an energy service contract and government support programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-154
Author(s):  
I. M. Makarova ◽  
Yuriy V. Selyavskii
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Support Programs ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Service Contracts ◽  
Energy Service ◽  
Support Mechanisms ◽  
Lighting Systems

The article presents the main problems of street lighting associated with the presence of large volumes of electricity losses, which are the reason for its irrational use. A method for solving these problems through the use of energy service contracts is described. The possibility of implementing these contracts together with state support mechanisms is considered, which allows for an integrated approach to achieve the main goals of modernizing street lighting systems aimed at ensuring energy conservation and improving energy efficiency. The results of the application of this approach are presented on the example of the Smolensk region, which justify the feasibility of its use.

Solar and Energy Storage Based Microgrids:  Data-Driven Optimization and Economic Analysis to Examine Energy Savings from a Microgrid within a School Campus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yash Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Peak Shaving ◽  
Power Outage ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Net Load ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Change Mitigation

<p>Solar and storage based microgrids offer a unique opportunity for both climate change mitigation by reducing CO2 emissions and for climate change adaptation by increasing infrastructure resiliency. In this work, we design a time-of-use (ToU) optimization algorithm to determine whether it would be economically viable to install microgrids within two school campuses in the Bay Area, California that have unique load profiles. Our algorithm, which combines machine learning for accurate site-level net load forecasts, examines three years of electricity consumption data to compute the school’s savings from peak demand charges, energy charges, and demand response revenue generated by providing ancillary services to the grid. Given the school’s unique load profile combined with SGIP and MACRS incentives available in the state of California, we determine that a 15-year battery installed at these two campuses with a cost of $600/kWh provides a net positive internal rate of return (IRR) of 11.9% and 18.3% respectively year-over-year. In addition, the battery provides backup power in case of a power outage and improves grid resilience by providing peak shaving when the power grid is stressed. We hope that our computational analysis can motivate other schools to examine the huge economic and climate benefits that a microgrid poses at their campus. </p>

The Research on Electricity Behavior and Energy Saving Based on Disturbance Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Residential

2013 ◽  
Vol 433-435 ◽  
pp. 1554-1557
Author(s):  
Yong Chun Liang ◽  
Teng Jiao Feng ◽  
Jiao Ying Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Ideological Struggle

As the propaganda and popularization of saving electricity, more and more people realize the importance of saving electricity. But most of the families have ideological struggle between saving electricity and satisfying their own comfort, which is negative to saving electricity. In this article, the investigation shows that most people are more willing to make the balance between energy-saving and comfort. Electricity consumption data is obtained through surveys. These data are analyzed by disturbance fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of residential. Suggestions for improving energy efficiency will be raised and residents can make the balance between energy-saving and comfort.

Wind energy and the historic environment: A business-driven symbiosis approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2110148
Author(s):  
George A Xydis ◽  
Katerina Kremastioti ◽  
Maria Panagiotidou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Model Building ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Optimum Energy

The present study discusses alternative ways of achieving optimum energy efficiency for historic buildings in areas where sustainable energy projects are planned. About 25% of Europe’s building stock was constructed before the mid-20th century and despite EU’s strenuous efforts for the protection and conservation of historic buildings and complexes, achieving energy efficiency with the minimum or preferably no intervention remains as a requirement. The settlement of Monemvasia, has been selected as our case study. A model building was chosen, its special characteristics are presented, and four solutions to the energy efficiency upgrade of the building were tested: (a) the application of internal insulation, (b) a heat pump installation, (c) the application of roof insulation, and (d) the replacement of the internal doorframes. The four scenarios were simulated via the TEE-KENAK software and the percentage of the annual energy saved through the application of each one of the mentioned measures was estimated. The results proved that installing a heat pump and internal insulation would maximise energy savings. Coupling the energy demand of the settlement in correlation with a wind energy project in the wider area, and the available curtailment was explored. The results showed that if 300 houses decide on acquiring their electricity consumption from the local wind independent power producer, at a price of EUR 35/MWh, the possible profit from the market could reach EUR100,000 per year. Such a business-driven concept could be extrapolated and evolve into a holistic wind energy and historic environment symbiosis setting.

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