scholarly journals Rapid Increase and Long-Term Slow Decrease in Soil C stock Due to Agricultural Development in Hokkaido Tokachi District

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Shimoda ◽  
Katsufumi Wakabayashi ◽  
Mina Koshimizu ◽  
Katsuhisa Niwa
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Slow Decrease ◽  
C Stock

Soil properties and functions are dramatically altered by changes in agricultural land use. However, little is known about how ecosystem C stock and its partitioning change with deforestation for agricultural land use, especially in cold humid areas. In this study, we investigated how agricultural development influences temporal changes in soil C pools in upland crop fields using a paired-plot approach. Ten pairs of control forest and agricultural development plots (2 to more than 80 years) were selected with the same crop rotation under humid temperate climate in Northeast Japan. We detected a net gain in soil C during the first 2 years of agricultural land development under the flat field condition. This gain in soil C was caused by an increase in the light fraction soil C, which represents plant residue derived-C due to agricultural development. Agricultural development resulted in the loss of soil C in fields without manure application. There was no difference in the ecosystem C stock among soil types or with the amount of manure applied. Agricultural development resulted in a slow decrease in soil C storage, indicating a slow rate of C decomposition under cool climate conditions.

A Brief Political History of South Australian Agriculture

Rural History ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIMON J. FIELKE ◽  
DOUGLAS K. BARDSLEY
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Environmental

Abstract:This paper aims to explain why South Australian agricultural land use is focused on continually increasing productivity, when the majority of produce is exported, at the long-term expense of agriculturally-based communities and the environment. A historical analysis of literature relevant to the agricultural development of South Australia is used chronologically to report aspects of the industry that continue to cause concerns in the present day. The historically dominant capitalist socio-economic system and ‘anthropocentric’ world views of farmers, politicians, and key stakeholders have resulted in detrimental social, environmental and political outcomes. Although recognition of the environmental impacts of agricultural land use has increased dramatically since the 1980s, conventional productivist, export oriented farming still dominates the South Australian landscape. A combination of market oriented initiatives and concerned producers are, however, contributing to increasing the recognition of the environmental and social outcomes of agricultural practice and it is argued here that South Australia has the opportunity to value multifunctional land use more explicitly via innovative policy.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF CANAL RESTRUCTURING ON AGRICULTURAL LAND USE IN 23 DOWN HAIDERGARH CANAL COMMAND SYSTEM, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W6 ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
P. K. Yadav ◽  
P. Singh ◽  
N. Kumar ◽  
R. K. Upadhyay ◽  
S. P. S. Jadaun
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Canal Command

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The 23 Down Haidergarh Canal command system of Uttar Pradesh is situated in Indo-Gangetic Plain of India. It has huge potential of crop productivity. The canal system was unlined; due to which a huge amount of water waste as seepage, which results, waterlogging and sodic land development. This leads reduction in the productivity of crop land. To overcome with this problem government started the restructuring/lining of canal in 23 Down Haidergarh canal command system.The present study was an attempt to find out the changes in agricultural land of rabi season because during rabi season canal is important source of irrigation in 23 Down Haidergarh canal command system. Remote sensing and GIS techniques were used to monitor the changes after the restructuring of canal system. The LISS-III data (Linear Imaging Self-Scanner) of Rabi season for the year 2011&amp;ndash;12 and 2017&amp;ndash;18 was used for mapping of agricultural land use changes in rabi season for 23 Down Haidergarh canal command system. This study is useful to find out the change in agricultural land after the restructuring of canal command system.</p>

scholarly journals Ecological Conditions of Agricultural Land Use in Transcarpathia

2004 ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Kamilla Taraczközi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Land Utilization ◽  
Chain Link ◽  
Negative Effect

The unbalanced anthropogenic effects for several decades resulted in significant technogen damages in the ecosystem of Ukraine. Excessive land development, including the use of slopes, effected the disintegration of the natural balance of lands – arable-lands, meadows, forests, and watershed areas – producing quite a negative effect on the landscape’s nature itself. It has to be stressed that according to other indexes, too, agricultural lands show a tendentious deterioration.Erosion, caused by water and wind, is one of the most influential factors in the degradation of agricultural soils and in the reduction of the productiveness of benefital lands. Nowadays the degree erosion became significant and it directly endangers the existence of the soil which is a principal chain-link of the agricultural cultivation as well as an irreplaceable element of the biosphere.The social and political changes in Ukraine’s life demand fundamental modernization in the land utilization both in ecological and in economical aspects. However, these aims can be realized only if, during the developments, we base on the up-to-date results of agronomics, and we do further research in the relations of agricultural land use and environmental protection. According to the latest theories, rational and environmental-safe agricultural production relates to the optimum correlation of the natural- and agricultural- ecosystems as well as to the reconstruction of agricultural areas built on the basis of environmental protection.

scholarly journals Assessment of ecological and economic efficiency of agricultural lands preservation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmytro Semenda ◽  
Olga Semenda
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
No Till ◽  
Study Results

The article substantiates the necessity to define and generalize the criteria for assessing the ecological and economic efficiency of using agricultural lands. Due to the transition of the agro-industrial complex to private forms of management, the problems of forming a strategy of rational, ecologically safe and sustainable development of land use in Ukrainian agriculture became of paramount importance. Therefore, systematic studies on the assessment of the ecological and economic efficiency of the agricultural land use need to be conducted. Harmonization of ecological and economic interests is of particular importance in the context of ensuring the conservation, resource-saving and reproductive nature of the agricultural land exploitation.A scientific study found that in Ukraine, the agrarian sector of the economy provides about 47% of GDP, but the question arises: At what price are these achievements given to us? Agricultural land development exceeds environmentally sound standards. Excessive cultivation of the territory leads to an annual increase of eroded lands by 80-90 thousand hectares. Land use is recognized as environmentally unstable, and there is a steady tendency to deteriorate the quality of soil. Each second hectare of cultivated land is erosion-hazardous, that is, these soils are subject to water and wind erosion. In this regard, it is recommended to introduce the world-wide experience of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA), which provides an opportunity to provide food security to the country and to limit the negative impact of the environment, based on the introduction of organic production.It is proved that regardless of the size of farms and forms of management using resource-saving no-till technologies, enterprises received low cost of grown products, providing profitable activities. Ecological compatibility of the technology provides energy savings of at least 30% in comparison with traditional farming systems, the accumulation of not less than 30-40% of plant residues on the soil surface after harvesting of the predecessor, provides protection of the soil from wind and water erosion by minimizing the amount and depth of technological operations.It is confirmed that the most widespread evaluation of the agricultural lands use is the evaluation of the results of their use through volumes of gross and commodity products, income, and production profitability. The criteria for the environmental effectiveness of agricultural land use should be: the degree of functional use of land resources, ecological stability, the level of anthropogenic loading, the degree of erosional feature of land, etc.According to the study results, it was established that one of the main areas of agriculture is the application of minimal tillage in crop rotation, i.e. resource-saving no-till technology.The economic feasibility of technologies based on the use of different soil tillage systems has been confirmed.

scholarly journals Transfer Patterns and Drivers of Embodied Agricultural Land within China: Based on Multi-Regional Decomposition Analysis

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Mengyao Han ◽  
Shuchang Li
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
New Perspective

Agricultural land is fundamental to human survival and economic development. Unlike other resources, land resources are embodied in trade goods and commodities, which are continuously re-allocated between countries and regions. As a typical ecological element, agricultural land embodied in trade activities can play an essential role in allocating land resources and advancing agricultural development. Based on the multi-regional decomposition analysis, this study investigated the embodied agricultural land flows among 31 provinces/municipalities of China, and classified the transfer patterns into different drivers including intensity-, trade-, and specialization-driven types. The results showed that the total amount of embodied agricultural land is approximately half of the direct agricultural land use area. Among these regions, Heilongjiang had the largest embodied agricultural land outflows, while Guangdong showed a deficit of agricultural land with embodied inflows. For regions such as Heilongjiang, the relatively high intensity and trade specialization significantly contributed to the embodied agricultural land outflows. For municipalities such as Beijing and Shanghai in China, the embodied agricultural land played a practical role in balancing increasingly scarce land resources. From the embodied perspective, agricultural land linkages between supply and demand in different regions could provide a new perspective to address the agricultural land shortage and avoid the inefficient transfer flows, contributing to the optimal allocation of agricultural land within China.

scholarly journals Traditional agricultural landscapes in Uskopaljska valley (Bosnia and Herzegovina)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1573-1588
Author(s):  
Haris Gekić ◽  
Aida Bidžan-Gekić
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Changing Trends ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Land Exploitation ◽  
Sufficient Food

AbstractThis article discusses changing trends in agricultural land use in Uskopaljska valley. Quite a large number of agricultural land exploitation orientations indicate that the geographical benefits for the development of certain types of agricultural production are very different. Detailed analysis of the exploitation orientations of land use leads to the opinion that they are determined mainly by social movements. The depopulation areas are numerous in the periphery of Uskopaljska valley, resulting in abandonment of agricultural land and an increase in unused areas. Large extensive production areas were abandoned after 1991, leaving uncultivated ploughlands and grass cover to be used occasionally by herders. In 2018, there were only 7.4 acres of ploughlands, I–IV class quality, per person that were mainly being cultivated, which was not enough to ensure sufficient food production. According to the analysis of available data and based on the practices, and among others a survey among the farmers, the general perception of basic conditions and main problems of agricultural land use and agricultural development is revealed.

scholarly journals Adaptation of the Land Use System as One of the Main Paradigms of the Modern Agricultural Land Use

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.15) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Mikhailovich Rogatnev ◽  
Valentina Nikolaevna Scherba ◽  
Tatyana Vladimirovna Marakaeva ◽  
Tatyana Viktorovna Nozhenko ◽  
Natalia Alexandrovna Kapitulina
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Mutual Adaptation ◽  
Land Use System

The article reveals one of the main paradigms for the agricultural land use development. Adaptation is not only a necessity, but a means to improve sustainability and efficiency in the use of agricultural land. The conditions of external systems that determine the direction and magnitude of adaptation options for agricultural land use have also been shown. The features of adaptation of the basic land use elements have been described: land plots, legal status, engineering equipment of the territory, land use system, and land use maintenance system. The article provides a more detailed overview of the adaptation of the main land use system element (agriculture), which will ensure the adaptation of crops and their varieties to the features of soils and terrain; the adaptation of cultivation technologies to the soil and terrain, the features of the territory; the adaptation of fertilizer systems to soils and crops and their varieties; the adaptation of cultivation technologies to the actual technical equipment; the adaptation of the farming system to the actual financial condition; and the adaptation of the farming system to the natural conditions of the year. A monographic description of the land use adaptation experiment by Chistoe, LLC in the Tyukalinsky District of the Omsk Region has been produced. Mutual adaptation of both land management and its technical and technological components has been proposed for the agricultural land development project. It is expected that this will minimize the required financial costs by adapting land properties, reducing types of machines and the technologies used.  

scholarly journals From Pasture and Cropland to Nut Orchards: Modelling the Dynamics of Carbon Sequestration by Agroforestry Systems in the Temperate Climate Zone.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Roest ◽  
Angelique Lansu ◽  
Ton Baltissen ◽  
Stefan C. Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Agricultural Land Use ◽  
Temperate Climate Zone

&lt;p&gt;Planting trees is suggested as a cheap measure to capture CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, but might conflict with agricultural land use. Changing pasture and cropland into agroforestry systems like nut orchards might increase carbon (C) sequestration, without encroaching on agricultural land use. C-sequestration can act as a climate engineering measure to mitigate increasing CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions to the atmosphere. The general discourse is that agroforestry systems can sequester more carbon than cropland or pastures. Data on the impact of land use change from agriculture to agroforestry systems like nut orchards in the temperate climate zone are scarce.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this study we analysed C-sequestration dynamics in above and below soil stocks and fluxes, from the perspective of global climate mitigation. Field measurements and lab results on chronosequences from pasture and cropland to stands of Corylus and Juglans trees have been combined with modelling future pathways at the level of parcels. The object of study was a temperate nut orchard located on sandy soils in the Netherlands (Province Gelderland).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Data on C stocks and fluxes have been collected in four methods: (1) field sampling analysed in a laboratory, (2) field survey, (3) collecting historic agricultural management data by interviewing and document analysis, and (4) analysing data by literature review. Focus was on C-stock data analysis and additional analysis of the C-budget change over years (chronosequence).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Results show different patterns (all data related to sequestration in reference plots):&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;C-sequestration in soil organic carbon (based on field samples, 0-60cm depth) ranges from -0.1 to 2.2 Mg C ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;C-sequestration in Corylus trees (based on field data and allometric equations) ranges from 0.5 to 1.2 Mg C ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;C-sequestration in Juglans trees (based on field data and allometric equations) ranges from 0.3 to 0.7 Mg C ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;C-sequestration in below ground biomass (based on allometric equations) ranges from 0.06 to 0.4 Mg C ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The parameterized allometric equations show a large increase in C-sequestration, ranging from 0.9 to 3.5 Mg ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. Compared to grassland and cropland estimates this is 10 times higher, meaning a potential useful contribution to the mitigation of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; emissions. Further we observed an increase in quality of soil organic carbon, due to a shift to higher C/OM and C/N levels, lower annual OM breakdown and larger amounts of observed earthworms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

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