Excessive Application of Fertilizer, Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution, and Farmers’ Policy Choice

This paper takes 516 households who planted wheat in Heyang County, Shaanxi Province in 2018, as samples to construct three policy environments: Technological guidance for planting, subsidies for organic fertilizer application, and agricultural tailwater discharge standards. The experimental choice method was used to empirically analyze policy preferences during the process of fertilizer reduction. The results indicate that households show different preferences for the three policy settings: The fertilizer application rate is reduced by 6.98% if providing full technological guidance for farmers throughout the wheat planting process and is reduced by 5.18% under the background of providing appropriate organic fertilizer subsidies. The agricultural tailwater discharge standards have the least impact on the reducing level of chemical fertilizer application, with decreasing amounts of only 1.85% and 0.77% under the second-level and the first-level agricultural tailwater discharge standards, respectively. These results indicate that households in Heyang County, Shaanxi Province, demonstrate a low willingness to accept the agricultural tailwater discharge standards in order to cut down on the amount of chemical fertilizer application and the agricultural non-point source pollution. Therefore, compared with a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1% of fertilizer usage nationwide according to the Chinese Ministry of Agriculture, given the current planting environment and policies design, providing comprehensive technological guidance as well as price subsidies for the organic fertilizer can significantly and robustly reduce the excessive application of fertilizer in Heyang County, Shaanxi Province, under the best scenario, thereby further alleviating agricultural non-point source pollution.

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Estimation and temporal-spatial variation analysis of non-point source pollution in China's planting industry

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-20950 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wang Yafei ◽

Zuo Lijun ◽

Zhao Xiaoli ◽

Zhang Zengxiang

Keyword(s):

Point Source ◽

Arable Land ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Paddy Fields ◽

Land Resource ◽

Point Source Pollution ◽

Plain Area ◽

P Loss ◽

Wide Range ◽

Non Point Source Pollution

Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are important elements of the life system. China is the most populous country and the population continues to grow, causing an increasing demand for food. But China's arable land resource is limited, and as is the effective means to improve crop yields, fertilization also has resulted in the excessive use of nitrogen and phosphorus in crop planting systems at the same time. Non-point source pollution of planting industry is becoming more and more serious, which poses a great threat to water quality.In this study, 14 kinds of major crops accounting for 76% of the sown area and 87% of the yield in China were selected. Based on land use/cover data, crop spatial distribution data and agricultural economic statistical survey data (from the 2010 China Statistical Yearbook), the data were distributed by spatial allocation model according to the county code, and the results of different crop fertilizer application rates were obtained. Then, the results were summed up to get the overall fertilizer application status of N and P in China.Under this premise, combined with terrain data (DEM), arable land information (distribution of paddy fields and upland), planting patterns of 14 kinds of crops and non-point source pollution control division classified by climate types, the cropland is divided into 56 different N and P loss modes. In the first national agricultural non-point source pollution census, N and P loss coefficients under different modes were obtained through field monitoring and local investigation. On the basis of the coefficient table and fertilizer application rate, the N and P loss of planting industry in 2010 was calculated, and the results were analyzed to reach the following conclusions:1.Fertilization of cultivated land in China covers a wide range, and the amount of fertilization varies greatly between different regions. The basic distribution law of N and P fertilizer application is relatively consistent across the country, and both more in the north than in the south, more in the east than in the west, more in the plain than in the mountain and plateau, and more in the dry land than in the paddy fields. The areas with high fertilization account for about 1/4 of the total fertilizing area in China, presenting a state of spatial aggregation.2.Fertilizer loss amount of each kind of crops are not identical. Taking winter wheat, one of the most important major food crops in China, as an example, its P loss mainly concentrated in the semi-humid plains of the Huang-Huai-Hai Sea, the Chengdu Plains in the southern wet plain area and parts of Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province, while the central and southern are of Henan and Hebei provinces and Hanzhong plain area suffered the most severe loss.The above research can provide scientific theoretical basis and decision-making support for the formulation of sustainable agricultural development strategy in China, and it can also be for the reduction of N and P loss and the control of water eutrophication worldwide.

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Simulation for non-point source pollution based on QUAL2E in the Jinghe River, Shaanxi Province, China

Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua ◽

10.24850/j-tyca-2017-02-11 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 08 (2) ◽

pp. 117-126

Author(s):

Jucui Wang ◽

◽

Aidi Huo ◽

Anyan Hu ◽

Xuezhen Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Point Source ◽

Shaanxi Province ◽

Point Source Pollution ◽

Non Point Source Pollution ◽

Jinghe River

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Effect of Combined Fertilization on Plant Biomass of Waste Land and Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation in Grassland Mining Area

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202016503057 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 165 ◽

pp. 03057

Author(s):

Dan Shan ◽

Jingli He ◽

Hao Rong ◽

Tiegang Zhang

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Mining Area ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Application Rate ◽

Vegetation Restoration ◽

Ratio Method ◽

Dump Site ◽

Fertilizer Application Rate

The dump site formed by the large-scale open-pit coal mining waste piles has poor soil environment and difficult vegetation restoration, and is in the grassland area with relatively weak ecological environment. A completely randomized block design was used to conduct separate application of microbial fertilizer and the combined application of microbial fertilizer and organic fertilizer in this study. The results showed that “Sino Green Agri-Biotech” soil conditioner combined with organic fertilizer had a higher plant biomass by comparing different fertilization methods, the plant biomass increased with the increase of microbial fertilizer application. The RSR (Rank Sum Ratio) method was used to analyze the comprehensive benefits of different fertilization methods from the aspects of microbial community diversity, soil enzyme activity, soil fertility, vegetation growth status and economic benefits. Evaluation results showed that application of microbial fertilizer had an important role in increasing soil fertility and accelerating vegetation construction the combined benefit of E-2001 microbial fertilizer application rate of 0.60 ml/m2 and organic fertilizer was the highest, priority can be given to the process of ecological restoration on coal mine dump in grassland. It is preferred to use a combination of E-2001 microbial fertilizer application rate of 0.60 ml/m2 and organic fertilizer in the soil improvement process of vegetation restoration and reconstruction in the grassland mining area.

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Investigation and Water quality Analysis of Agricultural nonpoint Source pollution in Tanxia Town

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202132901027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 329 ◽

pp. 01027

Author(s):

Liya Yang ◽

Hao Zhou ◽

Liyuan Dai

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Point Source ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Point Source Pollution ◽

Index Method ◽

Lijiang River ◽

Non Point Source Pollution

Taking the small watershed in Tanxia town as an example, the classified investigation of agricultural non-point source pollution in the tributaries of Lijiang River was carried out, the sources of local agricultural non-point source pollution were analyzed, and the surface water environmental quality standard and Nemero index method were used to evaluate the water quality of the basin. The results show that the water quality of the basin is poor and the pollution exceeds the standard all the year round, and the source of agricultural non-point source pollution mainly depends on the pollution of agricultural chemical fertilizer. Improving the use of local chemical fertilizer and rational application of chemical fertilizer are the key factors to improve local agricultural non-point source pollution.

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Arsenic and Cadmium Accumulation in Soil as Affected by Continuous Organic Fertilizer Application: Implications for Clean Production

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11112272 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2272

Author(s):

Na Sun ◽

Rodney B. Thompson ◽

Junxiang Xu ◽

Shangqiang Liao ◽

Linna Suo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Life Time ◽

Cadmium Accumulation ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Application Rate ◽

Pak Choi ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Contamination Risk ◽

Fertilizer Application Rate

As and Cd in soil can be assimilated and accumulated by vegetables and can be subsequently ingested by humans. Contradictory effects of organic fertilizer application on As and Cd accumulation in soil have been reported in previous studies. An eight-year greenhouse study was conducted on a sandy loam soil in Beijing, China to investigate the effects of organic fertilizer application rate on soil properties, and As and Cd accumulation in soil. The contamination risk of pak choi grown after eight years’ application of organic fertilizer was also evaluated. Soil organic carbon increased 3.0–3.8 times with low, medium and high rates of fertilizer application in 2018 compared to the initial soil. Organic fertilizer application significantly increased soil nutrients and microbial biomass while it mildly affected soil pH. The bioavailability of As/Cd has decreased after eight years’ application of organic fertilizer. Pak choi crop harvested from all three treatments in 2018 did not pose a threat to human health, even for life-time consumption. Soil total As content significantly decreased with organic fertilizer application, mainly due to the lower As content in the applied fertilizer than that in soil. Continuous application of clean organic fertilizer can be adopted to reduce the contamination risk of highly contaminated soil in the soil–plant system.

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Evaluation of Composted Cattle Manure Rate on Bulb Onion Grown with Reduced Rates of Chemical Fertilizer

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.22.6.798 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 798-803 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jongtae Lee

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Application Rate ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Linear Effect ◽

Fertilizer Application Rate

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate yield performance and soil fertility of onion (Allium cepa) grown with beef cattle manure compost (CMC) under a reduced rate of chemical fertilizer for sustainable production in the 2006–07 growing season. Chemical fertilizer application rate was reduced to a third of the recommended rate of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). Treatments consisted of five levels of CMC (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 Mg·ha−1). There was a significant increasing effect on growth and yield parameters by applying CMC compared with 0 Mg·ha−1. In addition, there was also a significant increasing quadratic effect on yield on increasing CMC rates from 0 to 80 Mg·ha−1 with an R2 of 0.46. Maximum marketable yield was 62.7 Mg·ha−1 at 40 Mg·ha−1 CMC, which was due to increased stand reduction and unmarketable bulbs as well as decreased bulb weight at higher rates of CMC. The CMC rates had no effect on bulb dry weight and N or P concentration in the bulb and leaf. Furthermore, there was an increasing linear effect on soil pH, and organic matter (OM), available P, and exchangeable cations throughout vegetative growth and at harvest. We concluded that the excessive application of CMC did not affect onion yield and accumulated soil fertility.

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Economic production of maize under chemical and granular organic fertilizer with hormone mixed formula, NPK and organic fertilizer

Indian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.18805/ijare.a-422 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

A. K. Keteku ◽

P. Intanon ◽

S. Terapongtanakorn ◽

R. Intanon

Keyword(s):

Soil Analysis ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Fertilizer Application ◽

Application Rate ◽

Growth Data ◽

Maize Production ◽

Economic Production ◽

Fertilizer Application Rate ◽

And Control

A new hybrid of maize (Pacific 999 Super) was investigated under six treatments; organic fertilizer (OF), chemical and granular organic fertilizer with hormone mixed formula A (HO-A), formula B (HO-B), formula C (HO-C), NPK-15-15-15 and control in 2017 and 2018 seasons at Phitsanulok, Thailand. The treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Fertilizer application rate was 300 kg/ha. Initial soil analysis had shown lower rates of NPK (0.394%, 0.013% and 0.191%). The vegetative growth data showed that, mean plant height, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll and total dry matter/plant were highest in HO-C (255.49 cm, 158.37 dm2, 61.10 and 299.62g, respectively). A maximum grain weight (9,289.67 kg/ha), crude protein (8.99%) and profit (889.6 $/ha) were again recorded in HO-C. The results have demonstrated that the HO-C produced the greatest yield, income and is recommend for maize production.

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