scholarly journals Long-Term Increases and Recent Slowdowns of CO2 Emissions in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 6924
Author(s):  
Wankeun Oh ◽  
Jonghyun Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Support Strategies ◽  
Index Decomposition ◽  
End Use

Korea is one of the fastest-growing CO2-emitting countries but has recently experienced a dramatic slowdown in emissions. The objective of the study is to examine the driving factors of long-term increases (1990–2015) and their slowdown (2012–2015) in emissions of Korea. This study uses an extended index decomposition analysis model that better fits Korea’s emission trends of the last 25 years by encompassing 19 energy end-use sectors (18 economic sectors and a household sector) and three energy types. The results show that emission increases in the long term (1990–2015) come from economic growth and population growth. However, improvements in energy intensity, carbon intensity, and economic structure offset large portions of CO2 emissions. The recent slowdown (2012–2015) mainly resulted from a decline in energy intensity and carbon intensity in the economic sectors. Among the different energy types, electricity has played a significant role in decreasing emissions because industries have reduced the consumption of electricity per output and the source of electricity generation has shifted to cleaner energies. These results imply that the Korean government should support strategies that reduce energy intensity and carbon intensity in the future to reduce CO2 emissions and maintain sustainable development.

scholarly journals Decomposition Analysis of CO2 Emissions for Turkey and Iran over 1990-2010

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Rüstemoğlu ◽  
Sevin Uğural
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Scale Effect ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Composition Effect ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Intensity Effect ◽  
The World ◽  
Laspeyres Index

There exists an important awareness for reduction of CO2 emissions to obtain a sustainable world. Together with this, there is a great deal of interest for decomposition analysis to see the accelerating and decelerating factors of CO2 emissions. The aim of this project is to decompose CO2 emissions in economic sectors for the two superpowers of Middle East, Iran and Turkey, over the time period between 1990 and 2010, for Turkey obtained a rapid growth performance in recent years and Iran which is the energy superpower of the world. Refined Laspeyres Index decomposition method and a consistent data gathered from the World Bank’s and UN’s databases have been used during the analysis. Five main sectors (agriculture, manufacturing, transportation, construction and other service sectors) and four main impacts (scale effect, composition effect, energy intensity effect and carbon intensity effect) have been considered to see the increasing and decreasing factors of CO2 emissions. Various interesting results are observed for both of the countries, for each of the economic sectors. Generally scale effect and energy intensity effect are the dominant impacts for all sectors of both countries. However composition effect and carbon intensity effect are also important contributors for economic activities of these two countries. Overall, our analysis showed that these two countries should pay attention for energy intensity and sustainable economic growth.

scholarly journals Decomposition analysis of CO2 Emissions from the Greek Manufacturing Sector

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Output Level ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Policy Measures

The aim of this paper is to identify the factors that have influenced changes in the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted from the Greek manufacturing sector as a whole and from three representative subsectors. By means of an algebraic decomposition method the changes recorded during the period 1985-95 are analysed into four distinct factors: output level, energy intensity, fuel mix and structural change. The results show that the observed reduction of industrial CO2 emissions is not only due to the decrease of industrial energy intensity but also to the recession of the Greek manufacturing sector. The two other factors, namely sectoral and fuel shifts were driving emissions upward, primarily because of the increasing share of electricity - intensive sectors and the growing dependence of electricity generation from lignite. It is concluded that for the reduction of industrial CO2 emissions in the long term, policy measures should aim at further promoting energy saving technologies and encouraging the use of natural gas and renewable energies.

scholarly journals The Energy Intensity of Economic Sectors in Mint Countries: Implications for Sustainable Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chibueze, E. Nnaji ◽  
Nnaji Moses ◽  
Jonathan N. Chimah ◽  
Monica C. Maduekwe
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Activity Effect ◽  
Industrial Sectors

<div><p><em>This paper analysed the status of energy intensity of economic sectors (agriculture, industry, commercial, residential) in MINT (Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria, Turkey) countries and its implications for sustainable development. We utilised descriptive statistics as well as the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition analysis to examine energy and efficiency trends, from 1980-2013, in MINT countries. Empirical results indicate inefficient energy use in the residential and industrial sectors of Nigeria and Indonesia. The analysis  also indicates that income/output growth (activity effect) contributed to an increase in sectoral energy consumption of MINT countries. It also revealed that while structural effects contributed to a reduction in energy consumption in virtually all the sectors in Turkey and Mexico, it contributed to an increase in energy consumption of the residential, industrial and commercial sectors of Indonesia and Nigeria in virtually all the periods. These results suggest that a policy framework that emphasizes the utilization of energy efficient technologies especially electricity infrastructural development aimed at energy service availability, accessibility and affordability will help to trigger desirable economic development and ensure rapid sustainable development of MINT economies.</em></p></div>

scholarly journals Driving Forces of Energy-Related CO2 Emissions Based on Expanded IPAT Decomposition Analysis: Evidence from ASEAN and Four Selected Countries

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaruwan Chontanawat
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Rapid Urbanization

ASEAN is a dynamic and diverse region which has experienced rapid urbanization and population growth. Their energy demand grew by 60% in the last 15 years. In 2013, about 3.6% of global greenhouse-gas emissions was emitted from this region and the share is expected to rise substantially. Hence, a better understanding of driving forces of the changes in CO2 emissions is important to tackle global climate change and develop appropriate policies. Using IPAT combined with variance analysis, this study aims to identify the main driving factors of CO2 emissions for ASEAN and four selected countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand) during 1971–2013. The results show that population growth and economic growth were the main driving factors for increasing CO2 emissions for most of the countries. Fossil fuels play an important role in increasing CO2 emissions, however the growth in emissions was compensated by improved energy efficiency and carbon intensity of fossil energy. The results imply that to decouple energy use from high levels of emissions is important. Proper energy management through fuel substitution and decreasing emission intensity through technological upgrades have considerable potential to cut emissions.

scholarly journals Using the LMDI Method to Analyze the Change in Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Turkish Sectors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkadir BEKTAŞ
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Lmdi Method ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Turkish Economy ◽  
Determining Factors

In this study, CO2 emissions of the Turkish economy are decomposed for the 1998&ndash;2017 period for four sectors; agriculture, forestry and fishery, manufacturing industries and construction, public electricity and heat production, transport, and residential. The analyses are conducted for five fuel types; liquid, solid, gaseous fuels, biomass, and other fuels. In decomposition analysis, Log Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method is used. The analysis results point out that energy intensity is one of the determining factors behind the change in CO2 emissions, aside from economic activity. The fuel mix component, especially for the manufacturing industries and construction sector, lowers CO2 emissions during the crisis periods when the economic activity declines. Mainly, it is found that changes in total industrial activity and energy intensity are the primary factors determining the changes in CO2 emissions during the study period. Among GDP sectors, manufacturing industries and construction and public electricity and heat production are the two sectors that dominate the change in CO2 emissions. Additionally, the residential and transport sectors&rsquo; contributions have gained importance during recent years. Among the manufacturing industries and construction, the non-metallic minerals sector contributes to CO2 emissions, followed by the chemicals sector.

scholarly journals Decomposition of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions in ASEAN Based on Kaya Identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Vivid Amalia Khusna ◽  
Deni Kusumawardani
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Kaya Identity

ASEAN is a region with high carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, accompanied by an increase in population, gross domestic product (GDP) and energy consumption. Population, GDP, and energy consumption can be linked to CO2 emissions through an identity equation called the Rich Identity. This research is based on Kaya identity to describe CO2 emissions to calculate the impact of population, economic activity, energy intensity and carbon intensity on CO2 emissions in ASEAN and 8 ASEAN countries (i.e., Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar and Brunei Darussalam) from 1990 to 2017. The method used is the Logarithmic Mean Division Index (LMDI). The data used are from the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Bank. Four effects measured and main findings showed that population, economic activity and carbon intensity factor increased by 293.02 MtCO2, 790.0 MtCO2, and 195.51 MtCO2, respectively. Meanwhile, energy intensity effect made ASEAN's CO2 emissions decrease by 283.13 MtCO2. Regarding contributions to the increase in CO2 emissions in all ASEAN countries, the population effect increases CO2 emissions in all countries in ASEAN and the economic activity effect is also the same, except in Brunei Darussalam which makes CO2 emissions in this country decreased by 1.07 MtCO2. Meanwhile, the effects of energy and carbon intensity are different. The effect of energy intensity causes CO2 emissions in lower-middle income countries to decrease, while in upper-middle and high-income countries, it increases carbon emissions. In contrast to the effect of carbon intensity, that actually makes CO2 emissions increase in lower-middle income countries and reduces carbon emissions in upper-middle and high-income countries.

scholarly journals EUROPEAN ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND DECARBONIZATION STRATEGIES BEYOND 2030 — A SECTORAL MULTI-MODEL DECOMPOSITION

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 1340004 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANNAH FÖRSTER ◽  
KATJA SCHUMACHER ◽  
ENRICA DE CIAN ◽  
MICHAEL HÜBLER ◽  
ILKKA KEPPO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Structural Change ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Model Decomposition ◽  
Energy Inputs ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
End Use ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Given

Energy efficiency and decarbonization are important elements of climate change mitigation. We draw on European mitigation scenarios from the EMF28 modeling exercise to decompose economy-wide and sectoral emissions into their main components. We utilize the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) to gain insights into five effects: affluence, energy intensity, carbon intensity, conversion efficiency, and structural change. Economy-wide analysis suggests that energy efficiency improvements (including end-use efficiency of production and structural change of the economy) determine emission reductions short to medium term while decarbonization becomes more important in the long term. Sectoral analysis suggests that electricity generation holds the largest potential for decarbonization. Mitigation in the transport and energy-intensive sectors is limited by technology availability, forcing output and energy inputs to decline to meet the given mitigation pathways. We conclude that energy efficiency improvements could bridge the time until carbon-free technologies mature, while their quick development remains essential.

scholarly journals Determinants of Energy-Based CO2 Emissions in Ethiopia: A Decomposition Analysis from 1990 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Nkam Taka ◽  
Ta Thi Huong ◽  
Izhar Hussain Shah ◽  
Hung-Suck Park
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Emission Intensity ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Intensity Effect ◽  
Decomposition Approach

Ethiopia, among the fastest growing economies worldwide, is witnessing rapid urbanization and industrialization that is fueled by greater energy consumption and high levels of CO2 emissions. Currently, Ethiopia is the third largest CO2 emitter in East Africa, yet no comprehensive study has characterized the major drivers of economy-wide CO2 emissions. This paper examines the energy-related CO2 emissions in Ethiopia, and their driving forces between 1990 and 2017 using Kaya identity combined with Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition approach. Main findings reveal that energy-based CO2 emissions have been strongly driven by the economic effect (52%), population effect (43%), and fossil fuel mix effect (40%) while the role of emission intensity effect (14%) was less pronounced during the study period. At the same time, energy intensity improvements have slowed down the growth of CO2 emissions by 49% indicating significant progress towards reduced energy per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) during 1990-2017. Nonetheless, for Ethiopia to achieve its 2030 targets of low-carbon economy, further improvements through reduced emission intensity (in the industrial sector) and fossil fuel share (in the national energy mix) are recommended. Energy intensity could be further improved by technological innovation and promotion of energy-frugal industries.

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