scholarly journals Remote Sensing and Modelling Based Framework for Valuing Irrigation System Efficiency and Steering Indicators of Consumptive Water Use in an Irrigated Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9535
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Talha Mahmood ◽  
Christopher Conrad ◽  
Habib Ullah Bodla
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water

Water crises are becoming severe in recent times, further fueled by population increase and climate change. They result in complex and unsustainable water management. Spatial estimation of consumptive water use is vital for performance assessment of the irrigation system using Remote Sensing (RS). For this study, its estimation is done using the Soil Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) approach. Performance indicators including equity, adequacy, and reliability were worked out at various spatiotemporal scales. Moreover, optimization and sustainable use of water resources are not possible without knowing the factors mainly influencing consumptive water use of major crops. For that purpose, random forest regression modelling was employed using various sets of factors for site-specific, proximity, and cropping system. The results show that the system is underperforming both for Kharif (i.e., summer) and Rabi (i.e., winter) seasons. Performance indicators highlight poor water distribution in the system, a shortage of water supply, and unreliability. The results are relatively good for Rabi as compared to Kharif, with an overall poor situation for both seasons. Factors importance varies for different crops. Overall, distance from canal, road density, canal density, and farm approachability are the most important factors for explaining consumptive water use. Auditing of consumptive water use shows the potential for resource optimization through on-farm water management by the targeted approach. The results are based on the present situation without considering future changes in canal water supply and consumptive water use under climate change.

scholarly journals A Global and Spatially Explicit Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Crop Production and Consumptive Water Use

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e57750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junguo Liu ◽  
Christian Folberth ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Johan Röckström ◽  
Karim Abbaspour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water

scholarly journals A methodology for quantifying global consumptive water use of coffee for sustainable production under conditions of climate change

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishadi Eriyagama ◽  
Yann Chemin ◽  
Ranjith Alankara
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Green Coffee ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Global Circulation Models ◽  
Consumptive Water

Coffee is the second most traded commodity in the world after oil. A sustainable coffee industry is crucial to maintaining global agriculture, trade, human and environmental well-being, and livelihoods. With increasing water scarcity and a changing climate, understanding and quantifying the risks associated with water, a primary input in coffee production, is vital. This methodological paper examines the means of quantifying: (a) ‘current’ consumptive water use (CWU) of green coffee (coffee beans at harvest time) globally; (b) coffee ‘hot spots’ and ‘bright spots’ with respect to levels of CWU, yields and water stress; and (c) possible impacts of climate change on the CWU of coffee. The methodology employs satellite-derived monthly evapotranspiration data and climate projections from two global circulation models for three future scenarios. Initial estimates suggest that currently (on average) 18.9 m3/kg of water is consumed in producing one unit of green coffee. The same estimate for irrigated coffee is 8.6 m3/kg, while that for rain fed coffee is 19.6 m3/kg. Climate scenarios show that effective mean annual rainfall in many major coffee areas may decrease by the 2050s. The generic methodology presented here may be applied to other crops, too, if crop data are available.

Remote Sensing based comparative analysis of cotton irrigation and water productivity in Pakistan, Turkey and Uzbekistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Talha Mahmood ◽  
Christopher Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Yield Estimation ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water

<p>Textile products made with cotton produced in Pakistan, Turkey, and Uzbekistan are largely imported to European markets. This is responsible for high virtual water imports from these countries and thus puts immense pressure on their water resources, which is further extravagated due to climate change and population growth. The solution to combat the issue, on one hand, is to cut water usage for cotton irrigation, and on the other hand, to increase water productivity. The biggest challenge in this regard is the correct quantification of consumptive water use, cotton yield estimation and crop water productivities at a finer spatial resolution on regional levels, which is now possible by utilizing remote sensing (RS) data and approaches. It can also facilitate comparing regions of interest, like in this study, Pakistan, Turkey, and Uzbekistan by utilizing similar data and techniques. For the current study, MODIS data along with various climatic variables were utilized for the estimation of consumptive water use and cotton yield estimation by employing SEBAL and Light Use Efficiency (LUE) models, respectively. These estimations were then used for working out water productivities of different regions of selected countries as case studies. The results show that the study area in Turkey achieved maximum cotton water productivity (i.e. 0.75 - 1.2 kg.m<sup>-3</sup>) followed by those in Uzbekistan (0.05 – 0.85 kg.m<sup>-3</sup>) and Pakistan (0.04 – 0.23 kg.m<sup>-3</sup>).  The variability is higher for Uzbekistan possibly due to agricultural transition post-soviet-union era. In the case of Pakistan, the lower cotton water productivities are mainly attributed to lower crop yields (400 – 1200 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>) in comparison to Turkey (3850 – 5800 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>) and Uzbekistan (450 – 2500 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>). Although the highest crop water productivity is achieved for the study region in Turkey, there is still potential for further improvement by introducing on-farm water management. In the case of the other two countries, especially for Pakistan, major improvements are possible through maximizing crop yields. The next steps include comparisons of the results in economic out-turns.</p>

scholarly journals A SWAT modeling approach to assess the impact of climate change on consumptive water use in Lower Chenab Canal area of Indus basin

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1025-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Khalid Awan ◽  
Umar Waqas Liaqat ◽  
Minha Choi ◽  
Ali Ismaeel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Indus Basin ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water ◽  
The Impact

Accurate assessment of spatio-temporal variations of consumptive water use (CWU) in large irrigation schemes is crucial for several hydrological applications. This study is designed to evaluate the impact of climate change on CWU in the Lower Chenab Canal (LCC) irrigation scheme of the Indus basin irrigation system of Pakistan. A distributed hydrological model, the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT), was spatially calibrated (2005–2009) and validated (2010–2012) for monthly CWU. The estimated CWU using the SWAT model showed promising results (the coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.87 ± 0.06, Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) = 0.83 ± 0.06)) when compared with CWU determined by the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm (SEBAL) (R2 = 0.87 ± 0.06, NSE = 0.83 ± 0.06). Future evaluation, performed by considering the representative concentration pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5 climate change scenarios, showed that changes in temperature and rainfall would significantly influence the CWU in the LCC scheme. Compared with the reference period, annual water consumption in the basin would increase overall by 7% and 11% at the end of 2020 with monthly variations of –40% to 60% and –17% to 80% under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climate change scenarios, respectively. The water managers in the region have to consider this fluctuating consumptive use in water allocation plans due to climate change for better management of available water resources.

Decadal gross level assessment of green and blue consumptive water use over Indian agro-ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 6628-6669
Author(s):  
Indrani Choudhury ◽  
B.K. Bhattacharya ◽  
R. Eswar ◽  
M. Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water

CONSUMPTIVE WATER USE OF RAINFED MAIZE IN NIGERIA

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Ojo ◽  
M. Ijioma ◽  
A.O. Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water Use ◽  
Consumptive Water

scholarly journals A simulation study on the effect of climate change on crop water use and chill unit accumulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 113 (7/8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun A. Ogundeji ◽  
Henry Jordaan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Crop Water Use ◽  
Chill Unit ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Climate change and its impact on already scarce water resources are of global importance, but even more so for water scarce countries. Apart from the effect of climate change on water supply, the chill unit requirement of deciduous fruit crops is also expected to be affected. Although research on crop water use has been undertaken, researchers have not taken the future climate into consideration. They also have focused on increasing temperatures but failed to relate temperature to chill unit accumulation, especially in South Africa. With a view of helping farmers to adapt to climate change, in this study we provide information that will assist farmers in their decision-making process for adaptation and in the selection of appropriate cultivars of deciduous fruits. Crop water use and chill unit requirements are modelled for the present and future climate. Results show that, irrespective of the irrigation system employed, climate change has led to increases in crop water use. Water use with the drip irrigation system was lower than with sprinkler irrigation as a result of efficiency differences in the irrigation technologies. It was also confirmed that the accumulated chill units will decrease in the future as a consequence of climate change. In order to remain in production, farmers need to adapt to climate change stress by putting in place water resources and crop management plans. Thus, producers must be furnished with a variety of adaptation or management strategies to overcome the impact of climate change.

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