scholarly journals Effect of Grouser Height on the Tractive Performance of Single Grouser Shoe under Different Soil Moisture Contents in Clay Loam Terrain

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1156
Author(s):  
Sher Ali Shaikh ◽  
Yaoming Li ◽  
Ma Zheng ◽  
Farman Ali Chandio ◽  
Fiaz Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Single Track ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Ac Motor ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Bin

The grouser height and soil conditions have a considerable influence on the tractive performance of single-track shoe. A soil bin-based research was conducted to assess the influence of grouser height on the tractive performance of single-track shoe at different moisture contents of clay loam soil. Eight moisture contents (7.5, 12, 16.7, 21.5, 26.2, 30.7, 35.8, and 38%) and three grouser heights (45, 55, and 60 mm) were comprised during this study. The tractive performance parameters of (thrust, running resistance, and traction) were determined by penetration test. A sensor-based soil bin was designed for penetration tests, which was included penetration system (AC motor, loadcell, and displacement sensor). The test results revealed that soil cohesion was decreased, and adhesion was increased after 16.7% moisture content. Soil thrust at lateral sides and bottom of grouser were increased before 16.7%, and then decreased for all the three heights but the major decrease was observed at 45 mm height. The motion resistance was linearly decreased, the more reduction was on 45 mm at 38% moisture content. The traction of the single-track shoe was decreased with a rise in moisture content, the maximum decrease was on 45 mm grouser height at 38% moisture content. It could be concluded that an off-road tracked vehicle (crawler combine harvester) with 45 mm grouser height of single-track shoe could be operated towards a moderate moisture content range (16.7–21.5%) under paddy soil for better traction.

scholarly journals Draft Requirement of Two Animal - Drawn Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR) Weeders

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Y. A. Unguwanrimi ◽  
A. M. Sada ◽  
G. N. Ugama ◽  
H. S. Garuba ◽  
A. Ugoani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Loam Soil

Draft requirements of two animal – drawn (IAR) weeders operating on loam soil were determined in the study. The implements include a straddle row weeder and an emcot attached rotary weeder evaluated under the same soil conditions, using a pair of white Fulani breed of oxen. The animal draft requirement was first estimated from the animal ergonomics measurements. Using area of 0.054 hectare as experimental plot for each implement the draft requirement of each implement was investigated after taking soil samples for soil moisture content and bulk density determinations. The implements tested showed variation in their average draft requirement. The straddle row weeder had the highest value of 338.15 N respectively while the emcot attached rotary weeder had the lowest value of 188.12 N with 47.03%, respectively. The average soil moisture contents and bulk density were 13.0% and 1.46%/cm3, respectively.

The effect on the yields of barley and kale of soil conditions induced by cultivation at high moisture content

1975 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Fisher ◽  
P. T. Gooderham ◽  
J. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
One Year

SUMMARYAn experiment is described in which plots of a silt loam soil were compacted by ploughing and rotary cultivation when the moisture content was high. Kale and barley were grown on these plots in 2 years.Compaction of the soil was not as great as anticipated, but there were marked reductions due to wet cultivation in the dry-matter yield of kale and the vegetative growth of the young barley. Seed yield of barley was relatively unaffected, although there was a significant reduction due to wet ploughing in one year.The implication of these results for experimentation on the effects of soil structure on crop yield are discussed.

scholarly journals VALIDATION OF SURFACE IRRIGATION MODEL SIRMOD UNDER CLAY LOAM SOIL CONDITIONS IN EGYPT

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 1299-1317
Author(s):  
H. M. Mehana ◽  
K. F. El-Bagoury ◽  
M. M. Hussein, ◽  
A.M. El-Gindy
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil

Performance Evaluation of Surface Overlaid EN-42 Steel for Tillage Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagseer Singh ◽  
Sukhpal Singh Chatha ◽  
Buta Singh Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Sandy Clay Loam ◽  
Actual Field ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract Wear of tools is a key problem in the farming sector. The objective of this study was to evaluate the wear performance of untreated steel (EN-42) and two hardfacings, namely H1 and VB. Hardfacing H1 (0.86Cr0.22C) fall in the basic buildup iron–carbide alloy category and hardfacing VB (3.19Cr2.51C2.7Si) is categorized as martensitic alloy steel. Abrasive wear performance of untreated, as well as hardfaced steel specimens, was evaluated in the laboratory and actual field conditions. The tests were conducted in the laboratory, and actual field trials were conducted in sandy loam and sandy clay-loam soil. The performance of the untreated and hardfaced steel was analyzed using various techniques such as weight loss, microhardness, microstructure and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed that H1 and VB overlaid steel exhibited better wear performance than the untreated steel, and the least wear-rate was found in sandy clay-loam soil. VB overlaid steel experienced lesser cumulative weight loss (g) and wear-rate (g/km) and thus displayed better abrasive wear behavior under all the conditions of the study. Further, it has been observed that the moisture content in soil exerts a stronger effect on ploughshare wear than soil type. For actual field conditions, untreated and overlaid ploughshares tested in sandy loam soil with low moisture content (0–3%) experienced almost three times higher wear-rate (4.078 g/km, 3.699 g/km, and 3.055 g/km for untreated, H1, and VB overlaid steel, respectively) than the same ploughshares tested in soil having high (14–17%) moisture content (1.296 g/km, 1.178 g/km, and 0.913 g/km for untreated, H1, and VB overlaid steel, respectively).

Dissipation and Leaching of Pyroxasulfone andS-Metolachlor

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Westra ◽  
Dale L. Shaner ◽  
Philip H. Westra ◽  
Phillip L. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Fine Sandy Loam ◽  
Northern Colorado ◽  
Fine Clay ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Dry Soil

Pyroxasulfone dissipation and mobility in the soil was evaluated and compared toS-metolachlor in 2009 and 2010 at two field sites in northern Colorado, on a Nunn fine clay loam, and Olney fine sandy loam soil. Pyroxasulfone dissipation half-life (DT50) values varied from 47 to 134 d, and those ofS-metolachlor ranged from 39 to 63 d. Between years, herbicide DT50values were similar under the Nunn fine clay loam soil. Under the Olney fine sandy loam soil, dissipation in 2009 was minimal under dry soil conditions. In 2010, under the Olney fine sandy loam soil,S-metolachlor and pyroxasulfone had half-lives of 39 and 47 d, respectively, but dissipation rates appeared to be influenced by movement of herbicides below 30 cm. Herbicide mobility was dependent on site-year conditions, in all site-years pyroxasulfone moved further downward in the soil profile compared toS-metolachlor.

3D finite element simulation of a single-tip horizontal penetrometer–soil interaction. Part II: Soil bin verification of the model in a clay-loam soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Naderi-Boldaji ◽  
Reza Alimardani ◽  
Abbas Hemmat ◽  
Ahmad Sharifi ◽  
Alireza Keyhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Simulation ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Bin

The effect on soil conditions of mechanized cultivation at high moisture content and of loosening by hand digging

1976 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. Gooderham
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Silt Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil

Untimely ploughing and rotavation of a silt loam soil was found to increase bulk density, and mechanical resistance to a needle penetrometer probe, and to reduce air porosity. These effects were not found deeper than 8 cm, although measurements with a 13 mm field penetrometer probe indicated some increase in mechanical resistance down to 30 cm. The effect of untimely cultivations on soil conditions was small when compared with the effect of loosening by hand digging. This treatment reduced substantially the bulk density and mechanical resistance; it increased air porosity and moisture content of the subsoil. Although measurements of mechanical resistance with the laboratory penetrometer were 2·4 times those of the field penetrometer, there was nevertheless good correlation between measurements.

scholarly journals Specific Heat and Volumetric Heat Capacity of Some Saudian Soils as affected by Moisture and Density

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Soil Density ◽  
Volumetric Heat Capacity ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Soil Temperature Regime ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Soil Heat Capacity

The ability to monitor soil heat capacity is an important mean in managing the soil temperature regime, which in turn, affects its ability to store heat. The effect of water content and bulk density on the specific heat and volumetric heat capacity of two Saudian soils (sand and loam) was investigated through laboratory studies. These laboratory experiments used the calorimetric method to determine specific heat of soils. For the type of soils studied, specific heat increased with increased moisture content. Also, volumetric heat capacity increased with increased moisture content and soil density. Volumetric heat capacity ranged from 1.55 to 3.50 for loam and from 1.06 to 3.00 MJ/m3 / o C for sand at moisture contents from 0 to 0.20 (kg/kg) and densities from 1200 to 1400 kg/m3 . Specific heat ranged from 1140 to 2090 for loam and from 800 to 1530 J/kg/ oC for sand at moisture contents from 0.01 to 0.20 (kg/kg) and soil density of 1200 kg/m3 . The volumetric heat capacity and specific heat of soils observed in this study under varying moisture content and soil density were compared with independent estimates made using derived theoretical relations. The differences between the observed and predicted results were very small. Loam soil generally had higher specific heat and volumetric heat capacity than sandy soil for the same moisture content and soil density.

scholarly journals Allyl Isothiocyanate and Carbon Dioxide Produced during Degradation of Brassica juncea Tissue in Different Soil Conditions

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1734-1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Price ◽  
Craig S. Charron ◽  
Arnold M. Saxton ◽  
Carl E. Sams
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Allyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Loam Soil

A study was conducted to quantify volatiles generated from Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czerniak) tissue incorporated into soils under controlled conditions. Mustard residues were incorporated into noncovered and covered soils that varied by texture, temperature, moisture, pH, or sterility (autoclaved or nonautoclaved). Sandy loam soil had 38% more allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) than clay loam soil. AITC concentration in 45 °C soil was 81% higher than in soil at 15 °C, and 56% higher in covered compared to noncovered treatments. The microbial catabolism of AITC was suggested by the result that AITC concentration in autoclaved soils was over three times that measured in nonautoclaved soils. The highest AITC level detected (1.71 μmol·L–1) occurred in the autoclaved covered soil. Several factors also influenced CO2 evolution. At 30 or 45 °C, CO2 concentration was at least 64% higher than at 15°C. The covered soil had over twice the CO2 found in the noncovered soil, and the nonautoclaved soil treatment yielded twice the CO2 measured in the autoclaved soil. There were no main effect differences among soil moisture, soil pH, and soil texture treatments for CO2 concentrations. This information could be helpful in defining ideal soil conditions for field scale experiments. Additionally, this study demonstrates a sampling technique for testing fumigation potential of biofumigation and solarization systems that may have the potential to replace methyl bromide.

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