scholarly journals Are There Differences and Complementarities between Senior and Young Entrepreneurs? An Intergenerational Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5202
Author(s):  
Adriana Perez-Encinas ◽  
Yolanda Bueno ◽  
Begoña Santos ◽  
Camila Nieto-Mejia
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Blocking Factors ◽  
Intergenerational Cooperation ◽  
Vulnerable Population Groups ◽  
Young Entrepreneurs

Social exclusion related to the unemployment of vulnerable population groups constitutes a crucial limitation to achieving a sustainable world. In particular, young and senior populations have specific characteristics that put them at risk of exclusion from the labor market. This circumstance has motivated an attempt to foster cooperation between these age groups to enable them to develop entrepreneurial initiatives that will contribute to close this social vulnerability gap. We approach this topic by focusing on intergenerational entrepreneurship, understood as entrepreneuring projects jointly undertaken by seniors and young adults. The objective of this study was to identify the differences and complementarities between senior and young entrepreneurs with a view to enabling them to develop viable intergenerational entrepreneurial projects, with special emphasis in the motivational push, pull, and blocking factors that affect them. This kind of entrepreneurial initiative fosters knowledge transfer and experience between age groups, promotes job creation and social inclusion, improves a sense of belonging, and, thus, contributes to the construction of a stronger society serving as an engine for sustainable development. Therefore, intergenerational entrepreneurship can be considered a form of social innovation. A mixed-methods approach was utilized in this study, using quantitative data from a questionnaire as a starting point for the characterization and identification of senior and young entrepreneurial profiles, and qualitative data from focus groups, which enabled us to identify complementarities among generations. The results show that there are significant differences between youths and seniors in terms of the motivations and factors that push, pull, or block the decision to form an intergenerational entrepreneurial partnership. These differences can be interpreted as complementarities that can boost intergenerational cooperation to promote social inclusion.

Experience and expression of social isolation by inner-city high-rise residents

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Love M. Chile ◽  
Xavier M. Black ◽  
Carol Neill
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Health And Social Care

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the significance of social isolation and the factors that create social isolation for residents of inner-city high-rise apartment communities. We critically examine how the physical environment and perceptions of safety in apartment buildings and the inner-city implicate the quality of interactions between residents and with their neighbourhood community. Design/methodology/approach – The authors used mixed-methods consisting of survey questionnaires supplemented by semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions using stratified random sampling to access predetermined key strata of inner-city high-rise resident population. Using coefficient of correlation we examine the significance of the association between social isolation, age and ethnicity amongst Auckland's inner-city high-rise residents. Findings – The authors found the experience and expression of social isolation consistent across all age groups, with highest correlation between functional social isolation and “being student”, and older adults (60+ years), length of tenure in current apartment and length of time residents have lived in the inner-city. Research limitations/implications – As a case study, we did not seek in this research to compare the experience and expressions of social isolation in different inner-city contexts, nor of inner-city high-rise residents in New Zealand and other countries, although these will be useful areas to explore in future studies. Practical implications – This study is a useful starting point to build evidence base for professionals working in health and social care services to develop interventions that will help reduce functional social isolation amongst young adults and older adults in inner-city high-rise apartments. This is particularly important as the inner-city population of older adults grow due to international migration, and sub-national shifts from suburbs to the inner-cities in response to governmental policies of urban consolidation. Originality/value – By identifying two forms of social isolation, namely functional and structural social isolation, we have extended previous analysis of social isolation and found that “living alone” or structural social isolation did not necessarily lead to functional social isolation. It also touched on the links between functional social isolation and self-efficacy of older adults, particularly those from immigrant backgrounds.

scholarly journals The potential for person-centred planning to support the community participation of adults with an intellectual disability

2021 ◽  
pp. 174462952110221
Author(s):  
Darren McCausland ◽  
Esther Murphy ◽  
Mary McCarron ◽  
Philip McCallion
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Qualitative Case Studies ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Person-centred planning (PCP) puts individuals with an intellectual disability at the centre of service and support planning, identifying how individuals wish to live their lives and what is needed to make that possible. PCP has been identified as having the potential to facilitate improved social inclusion and community participation. A mixed-methods approach combined quantitative analyses with qualitative case studies of individuals with severe-profound intellectual disability to assess the impact of PCP on community participation for adults with an intellectual disability at a disability service in Dublin. We conclude that PCP may provide a good basis to plan community participation and, with the right supports in place, may provide opportunities for people with complex needs to improve their community participation. Supports including familiar staff and family are critical to the success of PCP for people with complex needs, and their absence may undermine the best intentions of PCP for this population.

scholarly journals The fourth decade of life: the age for preventive strategies?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Cuschieri
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Fourth Decade

Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been on the health agenda for decades. As the 2020's decade sets in, most of the set health strategies and targets are ending while new goals are expected. Investigating a European country hub known for its high prevalence of NCDs provides evidence-based data that can be used for these new strategies. The aim was to explore potential NCDs trends and associations that could provide evidence for new preventive strategies and goals. Methods Data was obtained from a national representative cross-sectional study through a health examination survey (2014-6). The self-reported data and the results of the examination were used to diagnose participants with type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, overweight and obesity. The study population was stratified by ten years and sex for both descriptive and analytic analyses. Results The male population was significantly more metabolically unhealthy that the female counterparts across all age groups (p = <0.01). The females had the highest newly diagnosed diabetes prevalence across all age groups. It was observed that type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia and hypertension were present as of the 30-39 years group. Conversely, on binary multiple logistic regression analysis, this age group was negatively associated with NCDs even after adjusting for confounders (Diabetes OR:0.06 CI95%:0.02-0.21 p = <0.01; hypertension OR: 0.16 CI 95%: 0.05-0.55 p = <0.01; overweight OR: 0.21 CI 95%: 0.11 - 0.40 p = <0.01). Conclusions The fourth decade of life might be the starting point for metabolic dysregulation. Hence, subject to long-term health and economic burdens, with a potential extension of the metabolic impact on their offspring. Although further research is recommended, this study sets the ball rolling whether preventive action including screening for dysglycaemia and dyslipidaemia should be implemented at a population level from a young age. Key messages Preventive action should start from fourth decade of life. Targeting the fourth decade of life would also ensure a healthier new generation.

scholarly journals Specialists for Crumble Cakes? The German LandFrauen Organizations in Social Innovation, and as Educational, Social, and Political Institutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-107
Author(s):  
Laura Suarsana
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Fields ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Deep Integration

AbstractThis chapter presents empirical results on the German LandFrauen clubs and associations as contemporary elements of German civil society from the conceptual perspective of social innovation, as an approach which is expected to hold high potential particularly for rural areas. The analysis shows that the German LandFrauen clubs and associations are highly engaged in initiating change and development in rural Germany by uniquely addressing women’s needs through social, cultural, and educational offers. Here, the members’ social interactions function as a basis and starting point for further activities providing impulses in local development.As prerequisites that enable the LandFrauen to pursue their activities, two key characteristics were identified: (1) Their practices are integrated into specific local fields and highly adaptive to local needs and interests through the deep integration of the large and diverse base of members in their local villages and rural society, which allows for functions as local initiators, catalysts, and multipliers in regional development. (2) The institutional frame of clubs and associations allows for support, cooperation, and exchange across the vertical and horizontal structure, and provides access to resources and a broad network to external partners.

scholarly journals A new innovation paradigm: combining technological and social innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kohlgrüber ◽  
Antonius Schröder ◽  
Félix Bayón Yusta ◽  
Asier Arteaga Ayarza
Keyword(s):  
Social Innovation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
User Perspective ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Future ◽  
Industry Sectors

A new innovation paradigm is needed to answer the societal, economic and environmental challenges the world and companies are facing. The EU funded Horizon 2020 SPIRE Project “Coordinating Optimisation of Complex Industrial Processes” (COCOP) is combining technological and social innovation within a steel company pilot case (Sidenor). The project aims at reducing raw materials consumption (and energy and emissions reduction as well) by plant-wide optimisation of production processes based on a software solution and at the same time changing social practices. Key for COCOP is a methodology integrating technological innovation within a social innovation process of co-creation and co-development by involving (potential) users of the future software system and relevant stakeholders right from the beginning; thereby improving effectiveness and impact of the innovations and the implementation process. This involvement is instructed and measured by social key performance indicators (social KPIs) and operationalised in surveys (questionnaire and interviews) with future users, engineers and external experts (from different industry sectors not involved in the project). The article presents the results of the starting point of COCOP illustrating the future user perspective of the pilot steel company (Sidenor) contrasted by the view of external experts – seriously taking into account the interfaces between technology, human and organisation.

Home and Belonging in an Ethno-Nationalist Society

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-153
Author(s):  
Gracia Liu-Farrer
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Master Narratives ◽  
Emotional Geography ◽  
Migration Experiences ◽  
Perceived Relationships

This chapter explores how cultural backgrounds, migration experiences, socioeconomic circumstances, and social relationships as well as master narratives of nationhood and concepts of personhood affect immigrants' conception of home and belonging, perceived relationships with Japan, and future mobility intentions. While Japan has become home to some, others either attach their belonging to their homeland or gravitate toward a more localized and deplaced narrative of belonging. Intimate relationships, degrees of acculturation, metacultural narratives, and racial and ethnic characteristics affect immigrants' emotional geography, especially their ability to foster a sense of belonging in Japan. These mechanisms are obviously not mutually exclusive. Rather, they sometimes overlap, and other times are mutually causal. For example, the degree of acculturation has a lot to do with how much immigrants can begin to have meaningful social relationships with Japanese society. Race may also shape patterns of social inclusion. These conditions shape not only where one feels one belongs but also whether a sense of belonging can be fostered.

Sports as Social Innovation for Social Inclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Anne Bunde-Birouste ◽  
Alex Richmond ◽  
Lynn Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Innovation

Students' Sense of Belonging in Online Classes

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Jessica Decker ◽  
Valerie Beltran
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Online Discussions ◽  
Technology Skills ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Online Classes ◽  
Older Students ◽  
Online Educators

This study explored graduate students' perceptions of their sense of belonging in online classes, their comfort in participating in online discussions, and their technology skills. Differences in these areas among three different age groups were studied. Data were gathered via an online survey. The results of the data analysis showed that students, regardless of age, felt a sense of belonging and felt comfortable communicating in the online environment. The data also revealed that older students reported feeling more comfortable interacting with their classmates and disagreeing with their classmates while still maintaining trust than their younger counterparts. Such findings inform online educators in designing classes that meet the needs of all learners.

scholarly journals New Public Institutional Forms and Social Innovation in Urban Governance: Insights from the “Mayor’s Office of New Urban Mechanics” (MONUM) in Boston

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelina Bevilacqua ◽  
Yapeng Ou ◽  
Pasquale Pizzimenti ◽  
Guglielmo Minervino
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
New Public ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Organizational Pattern ◽  
Innovation Practices

This paper investigates how public sector institutions change their form and approach to achieve a socially innovative urban governance. The “Mayor’s Office of New Urban Mechanics” (MONUM) in Boston, Massachusetts (USA) proves a representative case of innovation in the public sector. As a new type of government agency, it is essentially an open innovation lab dedicated to innovative evidence-based policymaking. Following a new dynamic organizational pattern in urban governance, MONUM is conducive to project-oriented social innovation practices and horizontal multi-sectoral collaboration among the three societal sectors: public, private, and civil. Its results suggest that first, the peculiarity of MONUM lies in its hybrid and boundary-blurring nature. Second, new institutional forms that experiment with urban governance can rely on multi-sectoral collaboration. Third, MONUM has experimented with a systemic approach to social innovation following the “design thinking theory.” The MONUM case can contribute to the current debate in Europe on the need to harmonize EU policies for an effective social inclusion by promoting the application of the place-sensitive approach.

scholarly journals Social innovation drivers in social enterprises: systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraci de Souza João-Roland ◽  
Maria L. Granados
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Generic Model ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point

PurposeIdentify the drivers of social innovation (SI) that bring together the main management tools and approaches associated with the creation of SI in social enterprises (SEs).Design/methodology/approachA systematic review was developed in the Web of Science, Scopus and EBSCO databases, using the keywords: social innovation, social enterprise and management. After analysis of quality and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 articles were selected for full analysis.FindingsSI process was systemised into four steps: mapping and development, consolidation, scaling up and evaluation. The drivers of SI were mapped and classified into three main factors: contextual, organisational and managerial.Practical implicationsIn organisational factors, business model was emphasised, as well as partnerships, participatory culture and intrapreneurship, adequate levels of bricolage and continuous learning. The management factors included the characteristics of the entrepreneur/innovator and managerial practices, where those that facilitate teamwork and the participation of all involved are best suited. In contextual factors, the highlight was the need for support from policy makers; community participation and demand for innovations that consider local context and usability.Originality/valueThis study connects previously scattered knowledge in a generic model of SI, highlighting routines and processes used, and provides a starting point for innovators and social entrepreneurs in the complex, uncertain and often unknown process of SI. Additionally, several research gaps were identified to be addressed by future research in the context of SI management.

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