scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6185
Author(s):  
André Ruoppolo Biazoti ◽  
Angélica Campos Nakamura ◽  
Gustavo Nagib ◽  
Vitória Oliveira Pereira de Souza Leão ◽  
Giulia Giacchè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sales Channels ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

During the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, farmers worldwide were greatly affected by disruptions in the food chain. In 2020, São Paulo city experienced most of the effects of the pandemic in Brazil, with 15,587 deaths through December 2020. Here, we describe the impacts of COVID-19 on urban agriculture (UA) in São Paulo from April to August 2020. We analyzed two governmental surveys of 2100 farmers from São Paulo state and 148 from São Paulo city and two qualitative surveys of volunteers from ten community gardens and seven urban farmers. Our data showed that 50% of the farmers were impacted by the pandemic with drops in sales, especially those that depended on intermediaries. Some farmers in the city adapted to novel sales channels, but 22% claimed that obtaining inputs became difficult. No municipal support was provided to UA in São Paulo, and pre-existing issues were exacerbated. Work on community gardens decreased, but no garden permanently closed. Post COVID-19, UA will have the challenge of maintaining local food chains established during the pandemic. Due to the increase in the price of inputs and the lack of technical assistance, governmental efforts should be implemented to support UA.

scholarly journals Space-time cluster analysis of American visceral leishmaniasis in Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1949-1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Aparecida Feijó de Souza ◽  
Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros Cortez ◽  
Ricardo Augusto Dias ◽  
Marcos Amaku ◽  
José Soares Ferreira Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Space Time ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The City

A space-time analysis of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) in humans in the city of Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil was carried out based on 239 cases diagnosed between June 2003 and October 2008. Spatial analysis of the disease showed that cases occurred especially in the city's urban areas. AVL annual incidence rates were calculated, demonstrating that the highest rate occurred in 2006 (19.55/100,000 inhabitants). This finding was confirmed by the time series analysis, which also showed a positive tendency over the period analyzed. The present study allows us to conclude that the disease was clustered in the Southwest side of the city in 2006, suggesting that this area may require special attention with regard to control and prevention measures.

scholarly journals The impact of being homeless on the unsuccessful outcome of treatment of pulmonary TB in São Paulo State, Brazil

BMC Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Otavio T. Ranzani ◽  
Carlos R. R. Carvalho ◽  
Eliseu A. Waldman ◽  
Laura C. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals HCV genotype 4 circulating in the city of Franca, São Paulo state, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-300
Author(s):  
Rejane Maria Tommasini Grotto ◽  
Silvia Maria Corvino ◽  
Juliana Lara Padovani ◽  
Sônia Maria de Coppio Siqueira ◽  
Maria Inês de Moura Campos Pardini
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Genotype 4 ◽  
Hcv Genotype ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The City

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic in hospitalizations due to brain tumors from the epicenter of Latin America.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e18785-e18785
Author(s):  
Isabella Batista Martins Portugal ◽  
Luis Eduardo Werneck De Carvalho ◽  
Jean Henri Schoueri ◽  
Leandro Fórnias Machado Rezende ◽  
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Health System ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Outbreak Period ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

e18785 Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted health care systems worldwide. In Brazil, the disease had its first case in the city of São Paulo, thus being the starting point and epicenter of this disease in Latin America. Neurological features are currently well recognized in COVID-19 indicating the neurotropic nature of the virus and include anosmia, myalgia, myositis, encephalitis, meningitis, cerebrovascular disease, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and post-infectious myelitis. CNS tumors though relatively rare (> 2% of all cancers) are a relevant source of cancer-related morbi-mortality worldwide. Although studies have reported higher COVID-19 severity in cancer patients, the consequences of the pandemic on health care for CNS tumors remain inconclusive and will probably be felt for decades. This study aimed to determine the impact of pandemic on the hospital admissions (HA) due to CNS tumors in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of the HAs due to CNS tumors in the city of São Paulo comparing the outbreak period (January-June 2020) and a pre-pandemic corresponding period of the years 2017-2019. Data were obtained from the Brazilian Unified Health System - Hospital Information System database according to the chapter II of the International Classification of Diseases - 10th revision (ICD-10). Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between the incidence of HAs and time (months). Results: A significant reduction in HAs due to CNS tumors was observed during the outbreak period (January-June 2020). Benign neoplasm of brain and other parts of CNS (-2, CI -2 to -1) and malignant neoplasm of brain (-5, CI -7 to -3) showed to be remarkably affected (see table). To our knowledge, this is the first scientific report of significant reduction of HAs due to CNS tumors during COVID-19 era. Conclusions: Our findings seem to be associated to delayed oncological diagnose and care to CNS tumor patients during the lockdown and health system collapse. A rebound help-seeking effect as well as more severe complications may present in the post‐pandemic. Further studies are needed to evaluate the impact of the ongoing pandemic in CNS neoplasms in order to strategically corroborate public health actions for short- and long-term implications of COVID-19 pandemic. [Table: see text]

First record of Greenidea psidii van der Goot and comparison with Greenidea ficicola Takahashi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1235 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
SONIA MARIA NOEMBERG LAZZARI ◽  
REGINA CÉLIA ZONTA-DE-CARVALHO ◽  
JOSIANE TERESINHA CARDOSO ◽  
DANIÉLA CRISTINA CALADO
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Ficus Microcarpa ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

Greenidea psidii van der Goot, 1916 is registered by the first time in Brazil. It was found associated with Psidium guajava L. in Paraná, Santa Catarina, and São Paulo States, and with Psidium cattleianum Sabine in the city of Curitiba, Paraná. A brief comparative synopsis and pictures of the main diagnostic characters are given for this species and for Greenidea ficicola Takahashi, 1921, which was also recently found in Brazil, collected on Ficus benjamina (L.) in Paraná and Santa Catarina, and on Ficus microcarpa L. in São Paulo State.

scholarly journals The sanitation and urban agriculture nexus: urine collection and application as fertilizer in São Paulo, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana C. Chrispim ◽  
William A. Tarpeh ◽  
Delhi T. P. Salinas ◽  
Marcelo A. Nolasco
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Attractive Potential ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
The Impact

Separately collected urine is an attractive potential fertilizer because of its high nutrient content, low cost, and inherent linkage of urban wastewater management and peri-urban agriculture. Urine from waterless urinals was applied to corn and lettuce plants to examine the impact of urine application rates and frequency on plant growth and soil parameters. In both corn and lettuce experiments, urine application significantly (p < 0.05) increased growth and leaf production relative to control plants. More frequent applications led to lower soil cation exchange capacities for corn and higher soil nitrogen content for both crops. Based on preliminary implementation calculations, waterless urinals at the University of São Paulo (USP), School of Arts, Sciences, and Humanities campus could lead to over 1,500 m3 of water saved and 360 m3 of urine produced on an annual basis. These experiments and modeling results are discussed in the context of scaling up urban urine collection, transport, and fertilization in São Paulo, Brazil.

scholarly journals Impact of nonpharmaceutical strategies on trends of COVID-19 in São Paulo State

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Cristiane Ravagnani Fortaleza ◽  
Thomas Nogueira Vilches ◽  
Gabriel Berg de Almeida ◽  
Claudia Pio Ferreira ◽  
Lenice do Rosário de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Reproductive Number ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Time Series Analyses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mandatory Use

Interrupted time series analyses were conducted to measure the impact of social distancing policies (instituted on March 22, 2020) and of subsequent mandatory masking in the community (instituted on May 4, 2020) on the incidence and effective reproductive number of COVID-19 in São Paulo State, Brazil. Overall, the impact of social distancing both on incidence and Rt was greater than the incremental effect of mandatory masking. Those findings may reflect either a small impact of face masking or the loosening of social distancing after mandatory use of masks.

scholarly journals Una nueva forma de vivir en el siglo XX: bungalós en la ciudad de Bauru

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 28-38
Author(s):  
Karla Di Giacomo Dias Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Nilson Ghirardelo
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The City

Resumen: La arquitectura ecléctica se destacó en Brasil, en ciudades del interior paulista, debido a la presencia del café y la riqueza generada por sus plantaciones. Sin embargo, Bauru, no presentó una arquitectura ecléctica expresiva, pero posee, aún hoy, un número significativo de construcciones denominadas bungalow, que obedecían a determinados patrones arquitectónicos, formales, técnicos y constructivos, destinados a la clase media. Incluso, ante su cantidad significativa, todavía es poco estudiado por los expertos. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo distinguir esa vivienda como elemento importante en el desarrollo de la arquitectura, reconociéndola como parte del contexto histórico de la ciudad. ___Palabras clave: Bungalós, vivienda, Bauru. ___Abstract: The eclectic architecture stood out in cities of the countryside of São Paulo state in Brazil due to the presence of the coffee and the wealth generated by its plantations.  Although Bauru city did not show an expressive eclectic architecture, it still has until nowadays a significant number of buildings called bungalows, which followed certain architectural, formal, technical and constructive standards for the middle class. Despite its significant amount in the city, it is not well studied by specialists yet. Thus, this work aims to highlight this housing as an important element for the development of architecture, recognizing it as part of the historical context of the city. ___Keywords: Bungalow, housing, Bauru. ___Resumo: A arquitetura eclética destacou-se, no Brasil, em cidades do interior paulista, devido à presença do café e à riqueza gerada por suas plantações. No entanto, Bauru, não apresentou uma arquitetura eclética expressiva, mas possui, ainda hoje, um número significativo de construções denominadas bangalô, que obedecia a determinados padrões arquitetônicos, formais, técnicos e construtivos, destinado à classe média. Mesmo diante de sua quantidade significativa, ainda é pouco estudado pelos especialistas. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo distinguir essa habitação como elemento importante no desenvolvimento da arquitetura, reconhecendo-a como parte do contexto histórico da cidade. ___Palavras – Chave: Bangalô, moradia, Bauru. ___Recibido: 26 de julio 2017. Aceptado: 5 de octubre de 2017.

scholarly journals 1218Estimating the causal effect of mobility on Dengue during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirstin Roster ◽  
Colm Connaughton ◽  
Francisco A Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Causal Effect ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic led to a reduction in human mobility which occurred randomly (in time) and is not linked to any other Dengue risk factors. This gives rise to a quasi-experimental situation to assess the impact of mobility reduction on Dengue Fever in Brazilian cities using propensity score matching. Methods We match weeks during the peak pandemic period for 37 cities in São Paulo state with comparable prior periods based on instruments for mosquito population size and human susceptibility. By matching within cities, we also control for city-level characteristics, such as landscape or population density. We compute propensity scores using logistic regression and Random Forests and implement both one-to-one and one-to-many matching with calipers. Results We compare the Sample Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (SATT) across models and find variation in the direction of the causal effect. In 12 cities, mobility reductions are linked to more Dengue cases, while fewer cases are reported in 9 cities. The remaining cities are sensitive to the model chosen. Conclusions The SATT of mobility on Dengue varies across the cities in our sample, with more cities experiencing an increase in cases during the COVID-19 pandemic. Key messages A quasi-experimental analysis suggests that there is a a causal effect of mobility on Dengue that varies across cities in São Paulo state.

scholarly journals Association between particulate matter air pollution and monthly inhalation and nebulization procedures in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1591-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estela Cristina Carneseca ◽  
Jorge Alberto Achcar ◽  
Edson Zangiacomi Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Random Factor ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The study was designed to investigate the impact of air pollution on monthly inhalation/nebulization procedures in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil, from 2004 to 2010. To assess the relationship between the procedures and particulate matter (PM10) a Bayesian Poisson regression model was used, including a random factor that captured extra-Poisson variability between counts. Particulate matter was associated with the monthly number of inhalation/nebulization procedures, but the inclusion of covariates (temperature, precipitation, and season of the year) suggests a possible confounding effect. Although other studies have linked particulate matter to an increasing number of visits due to respiratory morbidity, the results of this study suggest that such associations should be interpreted with caution.

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