Sustainability in the Case of Small Vegetable Farmers: A Matrix Approach

Considering that sustainability is a relative concept, but also that this limitation could be avoided through continuous adaptation of the evaluation tools by taking into account the directions of change (such as time, space, application domain), the goal of the present study is to elaborate a matrix for measuring the level of sustainability for small vegetable farms. Thus, looking at what sustainability could represent under such circumstances, we divided its characteristics into four main dimensions (economic, social, environmental, cultural), while adding the private dimension. Inclusion of the private dimension may provide potential added value to this study, and thus enrich the general perspective of producers’ capacity to meet the sustainability goals in their entrepreneurial activity. To quantify these five dimensions of the sustainability matrix, a questionnaire was built up and used as support for face-to-face interviews conducted at the level of the North-East Development Region of Romania. Our results showed associations between diverse components of the dimensions considered, revealing their synergy in farm activity, along with the occurrence of some differences in the levels of sustainability dimensions and sub-dimensions, which differ as a function of the specific types of vegetable production (conventional, ecologic, natural, mixed).

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A multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of eating disorders via videoconferencing in north-east Scotland

Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare ◽

10.1258/135763303322196286 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 9 (1_suppl) ◽

pp. 37-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Susan Simpson ◽

Jane Knox ◽

Derek Mitchell ◽

James Ferguson ◽

John Brebner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Disorder ◽

Nutritional Therapy ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

Remote Communities ◽

Face To Face ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Therapy Service

summary Until recently many remote communities in Scotland, especially on the northern islands, were unable to access specialist eating disorder services. The Grampian Eating Disorder Service, based in the north-east of Scotland, has developed a video-therapy service that offers specialist psychological and nutritional therapy for sufferers of eating disorders. Twelve patients have been treated via videoconferencing. Patients consistently rated high levels of satisfaction with all aspects of video-therapy, and after their last session 67% preferred video-therapy to face-to-face therapy. A number of patients commented that, compared with face-to-face therapy, they felt more in control and less intimidated in video-therapy. There was also a trend for patients to become more comfortable with video-therapy over the course of treatment. Nutritional knowledge increased for all patients, and the nutritional content of dietary intake also markedly improved over the course of therapy.

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Paediatric Dentistry and the coronavirus (COVID-19) response in the North East of England and North Cumbria

10.1101/2020.06.02.20114967 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Simpsons ◽

Oliver Sumner ◽

Richard Holliday ◽

Charlotte C Currie ◽

Virginia Hind ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Care ◽

Dental Trauma ◽

Paediatric Dentistry ◽

General Anaesthetic ◽

Care Centre ◽

Face To Face ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

Paediatric Patients ◽

Patient Pathways

Introduction: Coronavirus (COVID-19) has dramatically changed the landscape of dentistry including Paediatric Dentistry. This paper explores paediatric patient data within a wider service evaluation completed within an Urgent Dental Care Centre in the North East of England and North Cumbria over a 6-week period. Aim: To assess demand for the service, patient demographics and inform paediatric urgent dental care pathways. Main outcome methods: Data collected included key characteristics of paediatric patients accessing Paediatric Dental Services from 23rd March to 3rd May 2020. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis. Results: There were 369 consultations (207 telephone, 124 face-to-face and 38 Out of Hours consultations). The mean age of children accessing the service was 7 years old. 7% of those attending face-to-face visits were reattenders. The most common diagnoses were irreversible pulpitis and dental trauma. 49% of face-to-face consultations resulted in extractions, 28% with General Anaesthetic, and 21% with Local Anaesthetic. Conclusion: Management of dental emergencies provided by the Urgent Dental Care Centre for paediatric patients has largely been effective and confirmed the efficacy of patient pathways established.

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Entrepreneurship and National Culture

Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development - Handbook of Research on Internationalization of Entrepreneurial Innovation in the Global Economy ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8216-0.ch001 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 1-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

José Guilherme Leitão Dantas ◽

António Moreira ◽

Fernando Manuel Valente

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Direct Relationship ◽

Early Stage ◽

Power Distance ◽

Cultural Practice ◽

Added Value ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Data Sets ◽

Five Dimensions ◽

Global Entrepreneurship

The direct relationship between national cultural practice and entrepreneurship activities is analyzed in this chapter, based on the analysis of 44 countries. Datasets from 2012 and 2013 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) report are used to characterize three types of entrepreneurship: early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA); necessity-driven entrepreneurship (NDE) and opportunity-driven (ODE) entrepreneurship. Data sets on national cultural values are used to analyze five dimensions of Hofstede's work on cultural values (power distance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/femininity, long/short term orientation, and uncertainty avoidance). For that, the authors use the Values Survey Module 2013, which has been adapted from Hofstede's previous work from 2010 and 2008. The main conclusion is that the three types of entrepreneurship analyzed in this chapter are differently explained by the cultural and expanded models. If the country of origin and the type of economy are useful to explain TEA, they are of no added value to explain necessity-driven or opportunity-driven entrepreneurship.

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Entrepreneurship and National Culture

Entrepreneurship ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-1923-2.ch062 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 1456-1485 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

José Guilherme Leitão Dantas ◽

António Moreira ◽

Fernando Manuel Valente

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Direct Relationship ◽

Early Stage ◽

Power Distance ◽

Cultural Practice ◽

Added Value ◽

Entrepreneurial Activity ◽

Data Sets ◽

Five Dimensions ◽

Global Entrepreneurship

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Brexit and the working class on Teesside: Moving beyond reductionism

Capital & Class ◽

10.1177/0309816819873310 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 553-572 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Luke Telford ◽

Jonathan Wistow

Keyword(s):

Political Parties ◽

Working Class ◽

Telephone Interview ◽

Slow Motion ◽

The European Union ◽

Economic Interests ◽

Face To Face ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

Alternative Perspective

Too often, members of the working class who voted to leave the European Union in the 2016 referendum have been framed as uneducated and unaware of their own economic interests. This article, based on 26 in-depth face-to-face interviews and a further telephone interview on Teesside in the North East of England, offers an alternative perspective that is more nuanced and less reductionist. The article critiques some of the commonly heard tropes regarding the rationale for voting leave, it then exposes how leave voters rooted their decision in a localised experience of neoliberalism’s slow-motion social dislocation linked to the deindustrialisation of the area and the failure of political parties, particularly the Labour Party, to speak for regional or working-class interests.

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Profitability and sustainability of peri-urban vegetable production systems in Vietnam

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.18174/njas.v44i2.552 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 125-143 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H.G.P. Jansen ◽

D.J. Midmore ◽

P.H. Binh ◽

S. Valasayya ◽

L.C. Tru

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Added Value ◽

Farm Size ◽

Ho Chi Minh City ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Chemical Fertilizers ◽

Vegetable Farmers ◽

Fresh Vegetables ◽

Returns To Labour

Results are reported of a study of the income and cropping systems of peri-urban vegetable farmers around Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, as well as the constraints and opportunities for vegetable production and marketing. Urban population growth is fuelling the demand for timely supplies of fresh vegetables. Much of this increased demand, particularly for the more perishable species, is satisfied through peri-urban production which has significantly increased since the change from centrally planned and collective systems to a market economy. Around Ho Chi Minh City farms are small (on average about 0.8 ha), 65% which are de facto owned and with about 60% dedicated to vegetables. Most vegetable farmers also grow rice and/or groundnuts, while cabbage is the most commonly grown vegetable crop. Vegetables provide about $1000 total revenues, or $650 added value (returns to labour, land and management) per farm per year. Added value per ha per day of vegetables is double or more than that for rice, providing employment for five or more times the number for rice, despite very high labour use. The negative correlation between farm size and cropping intensity suggests that labour is a factor limiting vegetable production enterprises. One of the major demands on labour is for irrigation. Major input costs relate to organic materials, chemical fertilizers and pesticides, although much variability exists between crops. Pests, and low and variable vegetable prices, are the most commonly cited constraints. There is a clear trough in vegetable supply during August to October following the hot-wet months, and an apparent overuse of chemical fertilizers and insecticides. Lack of communal purchase of inputs and marketing limit the success of market-oriented vegetable farms.

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Impact of climate change on the water requirements of the Bounamoussa perimeter, North-East of Algeria

Journal of Water and Land Development ◽

10.2478/jwld-2018-0045 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 85-93

Author(s):

Rabia Malkia ◽

Salim Etsouri

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Climatic Parameters ◽

Water Requirements ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Climatic Trend ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

Large Irrigation

AbstractThe objective of this work is to determine the effects of climate change on the water needs of crops in the Bounamoussa perimeter, which is one of the large irrigation systems in the North-East of Algeria in order to predict a diagnosis of its operation. This region covers an area of 16,500 ha and is specialized in vegetable production.The climatic trend of recent years in the study area is characterized by increasingly severe drought conditions that have compromised agricultural production at this perimeter. In this study, the results of the climatic parameters projected to 2050 and 2080 under the Climate Wizard program were used in the CropWat 8.0 program for estimating the future water requirements of crops, taking into account the three Scenarios (B1, A1B, A2) of greenhouse gases (GHGs). The Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) 4.5 program has also been used to generate future climatic parameters (temperatures and rains) to be compared with those of the climate wizard. The results obtained in 2050 and 2080 show a trend towards increasing temperatures and a fall in rainfall for all models and that the water requirements will be multiplied by 3 to 5 times the current needs. This situation will cause an imbalance in the operation of perimeter irrigation systems. Among the measures of adaptation to this situation in the first place is the change of the date of planting after calibration of the two models for all the cultures of the perimeter.

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Ras al Khaimah: further archaeological discoveries

Antiquity ◽

10.1017/s0003598x00150070 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 50 (200) ◽

pp. 216-222

Author(s):

Beatrice De Cardi

Keyword(s):

United Arab Emirates ◽

The State ◽

Focused Attention ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

History Of ◽

The City

Ras a1 Khaimah is the most northerly of the seven states comprising the United Arab Emirates and its Ruler, H. H. Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad al-Qasimi, is keenly interested in the history of the state and its people. Survey carried out there jointly with Dr D. B. Doe in 1968 had focused attention on the site of JuIfar which lies just north of the present town of Ras a1 Khaimah (de Cardi, 1971, 230-2). Julfar was in existence in Abbasid times and its importance as an entrep6t during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries-the Portuguese Period-is reflected by the quantity and variety of imported wares to be found among the ruins of the city. Most of the sites discovered during the survey dated from that period but a group of cairns near Ghalilah and some long gabled graves in the Shimal area to the north-east of the date-groves behind Ras a1 Khaimah (map, FIG. I) clearly represented a more distant past.

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