scholarly journals A Digital Tale of Two Cities—Observing the Dynamics of the Artificial Intelligence Ecosystems in Berlin and Sydney

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10564
Author(s):  
Thorsten Lammers ◽  
Dilek Cetindamar ◽  
Maren Borkert
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Digital Innovation ◽  
Knowledge Practices ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Spillover Theory

In entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs), geographical and contextual factors play a big role in shaping the knowledge bases for digital innovation. While cities around the world compete to be perceived as successful “tech startup hubs”, proactive urban strategies are needed to create knowledge spillovers into EEs. This study explores the evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) knowledge practices in the EEs of Berlin and Sydney by using knowledge-spillover theory of entrepreneurship. The study utilizes a bibliometric analysis of secondary data in combination with exploratory stakeholder interviews conducted for both cities. Findings underline the critical role of experimental knowledge in driving the momentum of the EEs and the supporting role of policies imprinting knowledge practices. The paper shows how the dynamics of EEs can be explored empirically and raises awareness of the role of specialised and integrated policies in determining a city’s overall success in building EEs.

scholarly journals Creating Ecotourism in Costa Rica, 1970–2000

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEOFFREY JONES ◽  
ANDREW SPADAFORA
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
National Image ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Resource Endowment ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Industry

Between the 1970s and the 2000s, Costa Rica became established as the world’s leading ecotourism destination. This article argues that although Costa Rica benefited from biodiversity and a pleasant climate, the country’s preeminence in ecotourism requires more than a natural resource endowment explanation. While previous literature has emphasized the efforts of the government and nongovernment organizations, this article demonstrates the critical role of small entrepreneurs in the co-creation of the industry. Making extensive use of oral history, the article explores the role of tour companies in drawing affluent Western ecotourists to the country, and of the creators of ecolodges and other forms of accommodation in providing them with somewhere to stay. Clustering created positive externalities, drawing new entrepreneurs into the industry who could also learn from knowledge spillovers. There were downsides to the new industry. The creation of the national image of a natural paradise enabled many businesses which were not environmentally sustainable to free ride on the green image.

scholarly journals Does the Formal Financial Sector Enhance Small Business Employment Generation in Nepal: Evidence from Cross-Sectional Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Dipendra Karki ◽  
Sushmita Upreti ◽  
Udbodh Bhandari ◽  
Sharad Rajbhandari ◽  
Niranjan Devkota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Employment Generation

Small business enterprises are widely recognized as a driving force of economic growth and development in any nation. Empirical evidence has shown that they contribute to job creation, help to alleviate poverty, and increase a nation’s level of productivity. In the exponential increase of small businesses, the role of the financial sector is crucial. This paper aims to identify the role of formal financial support in small business employment generation in Bouddhanath, Kathmandu. The study adopted a descriptive research design. Purposive sampling was used to select 285 business owners. A structured questionnaire was designed to collect their responses. Primary and secondary data was employed to analyze user status. Data analysis was performed with the help of descriptive analysis and a financial support index. The results showed that financial support plays a critical role in the enhancement of the small business sector, allowing businesses to create employment opportunities which further helps to maintain the Nepalese economy. The major challenges to the growth of small businesses in Nepal lie in securing initial funding and overreliance on credit. In addition, the ability to afford quality staff has an equally strong effect on the success of small businesses. Business growth clearly depends on the role of the formal financial sector to achieve the desired outcomes.

Smart Technology for Smart Response During Pandemic Times

2022 ◽  
pp. 261-278
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Smart Technology ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Remote Learning

The formal response to COVID-19 through ICT is presented with a focus on testing COVID-19, ICTs and tracking COVID-19, ICTs and COVID-19 treatment, and policies and strategies. The chapter highlights the critical role of ICTs and e-government for technologies to fight coronavirus. It covers delivery of remote learning, ICT trends, artificial intelligence (AI), and big data in fighting the pandemic, in addition to social media application for awareness of citizens such as emergencies, protection, and pandemic news. The notion of developing an information and communication strategy for redesigning smart city transformation in a pandemic is highlighted.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Factory, Data Risk, and VCs’ Mediation: The Case of ByteDance, an AI-Powered Startup

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Peiyi Jia ◽  
Ciprian Stan
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Venture Capitalists ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Research Questions

The AI factory is an effective way of managing artificial intelligence (AI) processes, enabling broad AI deployment in a firm. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of the AI factory in an entrepreneurship context. How do AI-powered startups leverage AI to grow, and manage data risks? What is the role of venture capitalists in this process? We answer these research questions by conducting an in-depth study of an AI-powered startup: ByteDance. Our study extends both AI and entrepreneurship literature by showing that AI-powered startups adopt the AI factory approach to optimize scale, scope, and learning. Our discussion also emphasizes the critical role played by venture capitalists in assisting AI-powered startups in building AI factories and in reducing data risk.

scholarly journals Role of ICT4D in the Growth and Development of SMES : A Solution To Digital Divide

2021 ◽  
pp. 294-303
Author(s):  
Masese Chuma Benard ◽  
Mbugua Samwel Thaiya ◽  
Korongo Julia Nduta ◽  
Joram Mutai Kiptoo ◽  
Dr. Nambiro Alice Wechuli
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Productivity And Competitiveness

ICTs have played a critical role within the development of business particularly small and medium enterprises. During a modern digital era, technology is most vital pillar within the provision of data and knowledge for the growth of development, sustainability, productivity and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises. The primary goal of this study was to research on the role of ICT4D in the growth and development of SMEs: a solution to digital divide. The paper used secondary data. It was noted that small and medium enterprises take part in a significant role in Kenya’s economy. Enterprises in Kenya, more especially SMEs, have enjoyed the benefits and the potential of adoption and utilization of ICT within their operations. ICT has the potential of remodeling the business and improve.

A study of artificial intelligence on employee performance and work engagement: the moderating role of change leadership

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewie Tri Wijayati ◽  
Zainur Rahman ◽  
A’rasy Fahrullah ◽  
Muhammad Fajar Wahyudi Rahman ◽  
Ika Diyah Candra Arifah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Change Leadership ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rapid Changes

PurposeThis paper aims to explore employee perceptions of companies engaged in services and banking of the role of change leadership on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) that will impact the performance and work engagement in conditions that are experiencing rapid changes.Design/methodology/approachThis study has used a quantitative research approach, and data analysis uses an approach structural equation modeling (SEM) supported by program computer software AMOS 22.0. A total of 357 respondents were involved in this study, but only 254 were qualified. In this study, the respondent is an employee of companies engaged in the services and banking sector in the East Java, Indonesia region.FindingsThe results reveal that AI has a significant positive effect on employee performance and work engagement. Change leadership positively moderates the influence of AI on employee performance and work engagement.Originality/valueThe development of this model has a novelty by including the moderating variable of the role of change leadership because, in conditions that are experiencing rapid changes, the role of leaders is essential. After all, leaders are decision-makers in the organization. The development of this concept focuses on studies of companies engaged in services and banking. Employee performance is an essential determinant in the organization because it will improve organizational performance. In addition, the application of AI in organizations will experience turmoil, so that the critical role of leaders is needed to achieve success with employee work engagement.

The Practice of UN Treaty-Making concerning Science

2019 ◽  
pp. 320-338
Author(s):  
Sam Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Applied Science ◽  
Global Commons ◽  
Institutional Expectations

This chapter describes the growing influence of science in UN treaties, which centers around four main roles; scientific influence in the treaty-making process, promoting access to existing science, supporting research, and managing the threats posed by science. It also highlights the challenges UN treaties face in using science such as; resolving the tensions that exist between pure and applied science; maintaining science’s role as a peaceful activity in the global commons; ensuring that scientific input is not lost among the increasing complex and crowded nature of treaty-making; ensuring that science is more inclusive, holistic, and balanced; and improving its relevance while retaining its credibility. The UN will also need to use science to respond to new and emerging areas such as managing new technologies including nanotechnologies, synthetic biology, or artificial intelligence, or new threats such as cyberwarfare and security. Failures of science in predicting and managing threats from climate change, epidemics, and nuclear disasters have revealed the uncertainties underlying many of its areas of practice and has demonstrated the critical role that social, economic, and institutional expectations play. Recognizing that science is not neutral or objective is an important step in addressing the key shortcomings facing the role of science in UN treaties. Determining what measures need to be taken to balance social and economic influences is another important side of this challenge. Reconciling these enduring challenges will be increasingly important in all areas where UN treaty-making processes and science intersect.

Gentrification in (re)construction: Talca’s neighbourhoods post 2010 earthquake

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Inzulza Contardo ◽  
Camillo Boano ◽  
Camila Wirsching
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Land Value ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Reconstruction Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Recovery Strategies

Purpose This study aims to explore the complex relationship between post-earthquake reconstruction processes and gentrification in neighbourhoods of intermediate cities, calling on the critical role of recovery strategies in altering neighbourhoods physical and social urban structure identities. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a case study; the reconstruction process of the neighbourhoods post-2010 earthquake in Talca, Chile, and analyses in a six-year timeline its socio-spatial changes. The latter based on mixed methods, primary data from strategic interviews with key stakeholders, cadastres of land value and real estate housing projects and neighbourhood polls, and secondary data from official documents such as plans and policies. Findings The findings suggest that patterns of incipient gentrification are an outcome of the reconstruction strategies. Acknowledging the intricate interplay amongst urban neoliberal conditions, historical heritage and identities and post-disaster recovery, inadequate housing subsidies and normative plans are causing the displacement of hundreds of historical residents and resistance, arrival of newcomers with higher debt capacity in new housing typologies and increasing land value. Process related to neoliberal politics of state led to new-build gentrification. Originality/value Gentrification and reconstruction are both processes that modify urban structures, society and perceptions, and yet their socio spatial effects have never been studied in a cumulative and integrated manner, even more, in intermediate cities. The value is to rethink the critical role of recovery strategies in halting and containing gentrification in fast transforming secondary cities.

The Role of the SLP in Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening and Assessment

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Philofsky
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Notable Increase ◽  
Screening Assessment ◽  
Critical Components

AbstractRecent prevalence estimates for autism have been alarming as a function of the notable increase. Speech-language pathologists play a critical role in screening, assessment and intervention for children with autism. This article reviews signs that may be indicative of autism at different stages of language development, and discusses the importance of several psychometric properties—sensitivity and specificity—in utilizing screening measures for children with autism. Critical components of assessment for children with autism are reviewed. This article concludes with examples of intervention targets for children with ASD at various levels of language development.

A critical role of iNOS-derived Nitric Oxide (NO) and progesterone in implantation

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 115A-115A
Author(s):  
K CHWALISZ ◽  
E WINTERHAGER ◽  
T THIENEL ◽  
R GARFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Critical Role
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